《本经》名巨胜子，《千金》名乌麻子，即黑芝麻。
叶名青 ，茎名麻 。甘温，无毒。
《本经》主伤中虚羸，补五内，益气力，长肌肉，填髓脑，久服轻身不老。
发明 胡麻甘温，质润性燥，专入足少阴血分。巨胜子丸以之为君，专补肾脏阳虚，兼
行肝、心、脾、肺四经，益脾滋肺，降心包之火，滋肝木之阴，平补五脏，但不若附桂之雄
健耳。其白者名白油麻，亦能润肺除燥，下通脾约便难。赤者专发肾经之毒，钱氏治小儿痘
疹变黑归肾，用赤芝麻煎汤送百祥丸。青 ，巨胜苗也。《本经》主五脏邪气，风寒湿痹，
益气补脑髓，坚筋骨。胡麻花为末，麻油涂生秃发、长眉毛，《外台》、《千金》用之。麻
茎烧灰点痣去恶肉，又治小儿盐哮，以淡豆腐蘸麻茎灰食之。白麻作油，微寒解毒润肠，主
产妇胞衣不落，熬膏生肌长肉，止痛消肿。灯盏油吐风痰食毒。
俗名壁虱胡麻。
微温，无毒。
发明 亚麻性润，入阳明经，专于解散风热湿毒，为大麻风必用之药。故醉仙散用之。
即麻子蒉
甘平，无毒。入药微炒研用，入丸汤泡去壳，取帛包煮沸汤中浸至
冷出之，垂井中一夜，勿着水，次日日中曝干， 去壳，簸扬取仁。
《本经》实名麻仁，补中益气，久服肥健不老神仙。花名麻勃，治一百二十种恶风，黑
色，遍身苦痒，逐诸风恶血，女人经候不通。
发明 麻仁入手阳明、足太阴，其性滋润。初服能令作泻，若久服之能令肥健，有补中
益气之功。脏腑结燥者宜之。仲景治阳明病汗多胃热便难，脾约丸用之，取润脾土枯燥也。
《日华》止消渴，通乳汁，主催生难产，及老人血虚，产后便秘宜之。麻勃治身中伏风，同
优钵罗花为麻药，砭痈肿不知痛。叶绞汁，服五合下蛔虫，捣烂敷蝎毒俱效。黄麻破血利小
便。麻根捣汁治产难衣胞不下，煮服治崩中不止，生走而熟守也，并治热淋下血不止。根叶
并治挝打瘀血，心腹满痛，捣汁服之皆效。陈黄麻烧灰，酒服方寸匕，散内伤瘀血。
《神农本草经》中称为巨胜子，《千金方》中称为乌麻子，即现在的黑芝麻。
叶片名为青葙（此处指胡麻叶），茎名为麻茎。味甘性温，无毒。
《神农本草经》记载其主治体内损伤导致的虚弱消瘦，补益五脏，益气力，促进肌肉生长，填补骨髓脑髓，长期服用可使身体轻盈、延缓衰老。
【发明】胡麻味甘性温，质地滋润但性质偏燥，专门进入足少阴肾经的血分。在巨胜子丸中作为主药，专门补益肾脏的阳虚，同时兼行肝、心、脾、肺四经，能够益脾滋肺，清降心包之火，滋养肝木之阴，平和地补益五脏，只是不如附子、肉桂那样雄健有力。其中白色的称为白油麻，也能润肺除燥，通导因脾约导致的大便困难。红色的专门发散肾经的毒邪，钱乙治疗小儿痘疹变黑归肾证时，用赤芝麻煎汤送服百祥丸。青葙（胡麻苗）是巨胜子的幼苗。《神农本草经》记载其主治五脏邪气，风寒湿痹，益气补脑髓，坚固筋骨。胡麻花研成粉末，用麻油涂抹于生发部位或眉毛处，可促进毛发再生，《外台秘要》和《千金方》中有此用法。麻茎烧成灰后点涂于痣上去除恶肉，又用于治疗小儿盐哮病，用淡豆腐蘸取麻茎灰食用。白麻榨成的油，性微寒，能解毒润肠，主治产妇胞衣不下，熬制成膏可生肌长肉，止痛消肿。灯盏油（一种麻油制品）可吐出风痰和食毒。
俗名壁虱胡麻。
性微温，无毒。
【发明】亚麻性质滋润，进入阳明经，专门用于解散风热湿毒，是大麻风病必用的药物。因此醉仙散中使用它。
即麻子蒉（大麻子）。
味甘性平，无毒。入药时微炒后研磨使用；若入丸剂或汤剂，则用水浸泡去壳，用帛布包裹在沸水中煮，浸至冷却后取出，悬挂在井中一夜，注意不要沾水，第二天中午晒干，去掉外壳，簸扬取仁。
《神农本草经》中实名麻仁，能补中益气，长期服用使人肥壮健康、延缓衰老如神仙一般。花名为麻勃，主治一百二十种恶风症，黑色，遍身苦痒，驱逐各种风邪恶血，治疗妇女月经不通。
【发明】麻仁入手阳明大肠经、足太阴脾经，其性质滋润。初服能引起腹泻，若长期服用能使身体肥壮健康，具有补中益气的作用。脏腑津液干枯结燥者适宜使用。张仲景治疗阳明病汗多胃热导致大便困难，在脾约丸中使用它，取其润养脾土枯燥之意。《日华子本草》记载其止消渴，通乳汁，主治催生难产，以及老人血虚、产后便秘适宜使用。麻勃治疗体内的伏风，同优钵罗花混合可作为麻醉药，用于砭刺痈肿而不知疼痛。叶子绞汁，服用五合可排出蛔虫，捣烂敷贴蝎子咬伤也有效。黄麻能破血利小便。麻根捣汁治疗难产胞衣不下，煮服治疗崩中不止，生用走窜而熟用守中，并治疗热淋下血不止。根叶共同治疗跌打瘀血，心腹满痛，捣汁服用均有效。陈年的黄麻烧成灰，用酒送服一方寸匕，可消散内伤瘀血。
*Jingshen Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) names it Jushengzi, *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) names it Wumazi, which is the black sesame.
The leaves are named Qingxiang, and the stems are named Majing. It is sweet in taste and warm in nature, non-toxic.
*Jingshen Bencao Jing* states that it treats internal injury leading to emaciation and weakness, tonifies the five zang organs, benefits qi and strength, promotes muscle growth, fills the marrow and brain, and with long-term use, lightens the body and delays aging.
[Invention] Huma is sweet and warm, has a moist texture but a dry nature, and specifically enters the blood aspect of the Foot Shaoyin Kidney meridian. In Jushengzi Wan, it serves as the sovereign drug, specifically tonifying kidney yang deficiency, while simultaneously acting on the Liver, Heart, Spleen, and Lung meridians. It benefits the spleen and nourishes the lungs, descends fire from the Pericardium, nourishes yin of the Liver wood, and gently tonifies the five zang organs; however, it is not as vigorous as Fuzi (Aconite Lateralis Radix Preparata) and Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex). The white variety is called Baiyouma, which can also moisten the lungs and remove dryness, and unblock difficult defecation caused by Splei Yue (Spleen Constriction). The red variety specifically disperses toxicity in the Kidney meridian. Qian Yi treated pediatric variola vera turning black and returning to the Kidney using decoction of red sesame seeds to deliver Baixiang Wan. Qingxiang is the seedling of Jushengzi. *Jingshen Bencao Jing* states it treats evil qi in the five zang organs, wind-cold-damp bi syndrome, benefits qi, tonifies brain marrow, and strengthens bones and tendons. Powdered Huma flowers applied with Sesame Oil to areas of alopecia or eyebrows promotes hair growth; this usage is found in *Waitai Miyao* and *Qianjin Fang*. Ash from burned Majing applied to moles removes malignant flesh; it also treats pediatric salt asthma, administered by eating light tofu dipped in Majing ash. Oil pressed from white hemp is slightly cold, detoxifies, and moistens the intestines; it treats retained placenta in postpartum women. Boiled into a paste, it generates flesh, stops pain, and reduces swelling. Dengzhan You (Lamp Basin Oil) induces vomiting of wind-phlegm and food toxins.
Commonly known as Bishi Huma.
It is slightly warm and non-toxic.
[Invention] Yama has a moist nature, enters the Yangming Meridian, and specifically resolves wind-heat and damp-toxin; it is an essential drug for leprosy. Therefore, it is used in Zuixian San.
This refers to Maziku (Hemp Seeds).
Sweet and neutral in nature, non-toxic. For medicinal use, stir-fry lightly and grind; for pills or decoctions, soak in water to remove shells, wrap in silk cloth, boil in hot water until cool, hang in a well overnight without touching water, sun-dry at noon the next day, remove shells, winnow to obtain the kernel.
*Jingshen Bencao Jing* names the fruit Maren, which tonifies the middle and benefits qi; long-term use makes one robust, healthy, and ageless like an immortal. The flower is named Mabou, treating 120 types of evil wind, black discoloration, generalized itching, expelling various wind evils and bad blood, and treating amenorrhea in women.
[Invention] Maren enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine and Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridians; its nature is moistening. Initial intake may cause diarrhea, but long-term use promotes robustness and health, possessing the function of tonifying the middle and benefiting qi. It is suitable for those with dryness and constipation in the zang-fu organs. Zhang Zhongjing treated Yangming disease with excessive sweating, stomach heat, and difficulty in defecation using Pi Yue Wan, utilizing its ability to moisten the dryness of Spleen earth. *Rihua Bencao* states it stops thirst, promotes lactation, facilitates childbirth in dystocia, and is suitable for elderly blood deficiency and postpartum constipation. Mabou treats latent wind within the body; mixed with Uptala flowers, it acts as an anesthetic for lancing abscesses without pain. Juice extracted from leaves, taken in amounts of five he, expels roundworms; crushed and applied externally, it is effective for scorpion stings. Huangma breaks blood stasis and promotes urination. Mashen (hemp root) juice treats dystocia and retained placenta; decoction treats metrorrhagia; raw form moves actively while cooked form stabilizes internally; it also treats continuous bleeding from hot strangury. Roots and leaves together treat traumatic blood stasis, abdominal fullness and pain; juice ingestion is effective. Ash from aged Huangma taken with wine in doses of one cunbi dissipates internal traumatic blood stasis.