（本经下品）
【气味】苦寒，有毒。
【主治】主治邪气、热气、疥瘙、恶疡、疮痔，去白虫。
【核】曰∶生淮南川谷，及冤句，今江东、汴东州郡，建康、三辅多有之。苗似蛇毒，
叶浓而大，深绿色。六月华，八月实。实黑根白者佳，黑次之。设中湿，则易于腐烂。
【 】曰∶野狼牙象形，其善逐贪饕而肠直，治用类相同也。气寒味苦，有毒，逐邪热气，
秉毒攻毒，捷如影响。盖风入虫成，热伤身窍，此以剧饮伤饱，至肠 疽痔，阴蚀恶疡，饵
服固多奇验，洗濯更易涤除也。
（本经下品）
【气味】辛寒，无毒。
【主治】主治伏尸、毒螫，杀三虫。
【核】曰∶锡铅皆可造粉，锡粉莹洁无青气，仅可妇女饰面，色同肌理无辨也。第锡为
五金贼，不入药用，丹灶家亦不采取。铅粉有青色，此即先天之一气，五金之纯液，入药最
良，丹灶家烹炼作柜，匪此不用。按墨子云∶大禹造粉。张华博物志云∶纣烧铅锡作粉。则
粉之来亦远矣。今金陵、杭州、韶州、辰州皆造，其法每铅百斤，熔化，削成薄片，卷作筒
，安木甑内，甑下、甑中，各安醋一瓶，外以盐泥固济，纸封甑缝。风炉内，安火四两，火
尽添炭，养一七，开甑扫取，仍封仍养，以尽为度。不尽者，炒作黄丹。渣滓，密陀僧也。
孟春余冬录云∶嵩阳产铅，居民多造胡粉。其法∶铅块悬酒缸内，封闭四十九日，开之则化
为粉矣。但铅气有毒，工人多用肥猪犬肉、浆酒以厌之。中其毒者，每至痿黄，瘫挛而毙。
此皆巧者时出新意，以速化为利故尔。相感志云∶韶粉不白，用莱菔子蒸制则白。
【 】曰∶溉种金谷之糟醯，交烹黑铅而成粉，转作西白金，金向水中求也。更藉鼎瓮
酝藏，蒸之浮之，解坚凝为柔脆，碎大块作微尘，烧之，粉复还铅，随分仍合，仍合随分，
正所以征从革之体物不迁，用行数变也。咸属工力之使然，胡其产耳。夫如是，既袭容平之
金
黄连炎上之作苦，具太阳寒水之化令，且也金至斯坚，上达九天，下彻九渊，内周五藏，外
弥肤腠，用治身热肤痛为浸淫，焦烁毛发肤皮金肺形藏者，黄连粉主之，藉炎敲袭清肃，易
热恼置清凉地也。
【本经下品】
【气味】味苦，性寒，有毒。
【主治】主治邪气、热气、疥疮瘙痒、恶性的疮疡、痔疮，去除肠道内的白色寄生虫（白虫）。
【核证】曰：生长在淮南的川谷地带，以及冤句等地，如今江东、汴东的各州郡，建康、三辅地区多有生长。其苗茎形状类似蛇毒草，叶片浓密且大，呈深绿色。六月开花，八月结果。果实黑色、根部白色的品质最佳，黑色的次之。如果受到湿气侵袭，则容易腐烂。
【释义】曰：野狼牙因其形态而得名，它善于驱逐贪婪饕餮之物而使其肠管变直，药用功效与此特性相似。药性寒凉，味道苦涩，有毒，能驱逐邪热之气，以毒攻毒，见效迅速如影随形。大概是因为风邪侵入导致体内生虫，热邪损伤身体孔窍，或因暴饮暴食导致肠道生出疽、痔、阴部蚀烂及恶性疮疡，内服往往有奇效，外用清洗更容易涤除病邪。
【本经下品】
【气味】味辛，性寒，无毒。
【主治】主治伏尸鬼疰、毒虫叮咬，杀灭三种寄生虫。
【核证】曰：锡和铅都可以制造粉状物。锡粉晶莹洁白，没有青色气息，仅可用于妇女装饰面部，色泽与肌肤纹理难以分辨。但锡被视为五金中的“贼”（指性质不稳定或有害），不进入药用范围，炼丹家也不采用。铅粉带有青色，这是先天的一气，是五金的纯液，入药效果最好，炼丹家烹炼制作柜式容器时，非此不用。据《墨子》记载：大禹制造了粉。张华在《博物志》中说：商纣王烧炼铅锡制成粉。那么粉的起源也很久远了。如今金陵、杭州、韶州、辰州都在制造，其方法是每用铅一百斤，熔化后削成薄片，卷成筒状，放入木甑（古代蒸食器具）内，甑下和甑中各放置一瓶醋，外部用盐泥密封加固，用纸封住甑缝。在风炉内，放置四两火炭，火尽后添加炭，养护七天，打开甑扫取粉末，仍然密封继续养护，直到反应完全为止。未反应完全的残渣，炒制后成为黄丹。剩下的渣滓就是密陀僧。孟春余冬录记载：嵩阳出产铅，居民多制造胡粉。其方法是：将铅块悬挂在酒缸内，封闭四十九天，打开时就已经化为粉了。但是铅气有毒，工人多用肥猪犬肉、浆酒来压制毒性。中毒的人，往往导致身体痿黄、瘫痪痉挛而死。这些都是巧匠时常出新意，为了快速转化获利罢了。相感志记载：韶州的粉不够白，用莱菔子（萝卜籽）蒸制就会变白。
【释义】曰：灌溉种植金谷的糟粕和醋，交煎黑铅而成粉，转而变成西白金，金向水中寻求啊。更借助鼎瓮酝酿储藏，蒸腾浮起，使坚凝之物变为柔脆，将大块粉碎成微尘，烧炼后，粉又还原为铅，随着分离又重新结合，重新结合又随着分离，这正是证明金具有变革的体性而不迁移，运用数进行变化。这些都属于人工力量的使然，哪里是自然产生的呢？像这样，既然继承了容平的金性，
黄连炎上之作苦，具备太阳寒水的化令，而且金到了这里变得坚硬，上达九天，下彻九渊，内周旋五脏，外弥漫肤腠，用于治疗身体发热、皮肤疼痛导致的浸淫疮，以及焦烁毛发皮肤的肺金形藏病症者，用黄连粉为主治，借助炎烈敲击袭取清肃之气，将热恼置于清凉之地。
(Ben Jing, Lower Grade)
[Flavor and Property] Bitter, cold, toxic.
[Indications] Mainly treats pathogenic factors, hot pathogens, scabies with itching, malignant sores, hemorrhoids, and removes white intestinal parasites (Bai Chong).
[Verification] It is said: It grows in the river valleys of Huainan, as well as in Yuanju. Currently, it is abundant in various prefectures east of Jiangdong and Bian, as well as in Jiankang and Sanfu areas. The stem resembles that of She Du Cao (Snake Poison Herb), the leaves are dense and large, deep green. It flowers in June and fruits in August. Those with black fruit and white roots are of the best quality; those with black roots are secondary. If exposed to dampness, it is prone to rotting.
[Interpretation] It is said: Ye Lang Ya (Wild Wolf's Tooth) is named for its shape. It excels at driving away gluttonous things, making their intestines straight; its medicinal use is similar to this characteristic. Its nature is cold, flavor bitter, and it is toxic. It drives away pathogenic heat, using toxicity to attack toxicity, acting swiftly like a shadow following a form. Generally, wind entering leads to the formation of worms, and heat damages the body orifices. This occurs due to excessive drinking and overeating, leading to intestinal abscesses, hemorrhoids, genital erosion, and malignant sores. Internal administration often yields miraculous results, while external washing makes it easier to cleanse and remove the pathogen.
(Ben Jing, Lower Grade)
[Flavor and Property] Pungent, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Mainly treats Fu Shi (latent corpse disease/ghost diseases), venomous bites, and kills three types of parasites.
[Verification] It is said: Both tin and lead can be made into powder. Tin powder is bright and clean without a bluish tint, suitable only for women's facial decoration, indistinguishable from skin texture. However, tin is considered the "thief" among the five metals, not used in medicine, and alchemists do not adopt it. Lead powder has a bluish tint; this is the primordial Qi, the pure liquid of the five metals, excellent for medicinal use. Alchemists use it when refining and making cabinets, refusing to use anything else. According to Mozi: Yu the Great created powder. Zhang Hua in *Bowuzhi* stated: King Zhou of Shang burned lead and tin to make powder. Thus, the origin of powder is ancient. Currently, Jinling, Hangzhou, Shaozhou, and Chenzhou all manufacture it. The method is as follows: Take 100 jin of lead, melt it, shave it into thin slices, roll them into tubes, place them inside a wooden zeng (steamer). Place one bottle of vinegar under the zeng and one inside the zeng. Seal the exterior with salt mud and paper. Inside a wind furnace, place four liang of charcoal fire. When the fire burns out, add charcoal. Nourish for seven days, open the zeng to sweep out the powder, reseal and nourish again until the reaction is complete. The unreacted residue, when roasted, becomes Huang Dan (Red Lead). The dregs are Miduoseng (Litharge). *Mengchun Yudong Lu* records: Songyang produces lead, and residents mostly make Hu Fen (Lead Carbonate Powder). The method is: Suspend lead blocks inside a wine jar, seal for forty-nine days. Upon opening, it has transformed into powder. However, lead vapor is toxic; workers often use fatty pork, dog meat, and fermented grain mash to suppress the toxicity. Those who suffer poisoning often become emaciated and yellow, suffering from paralysis and spasms until death. These are clever craftsmen constantly innovating for quick transformation and profit. *Xianggan Zhi* records: Shao powder is not white enough; steaming it with Radish seeds makes it white.
[Interpretation] It is said: Irrigating the lees and vinegar of metal-grain crops, frying black lead to create powder, transforming it into Western White Gold, seeking gold within water. Further relying on tripods and jars for brewing and storage, steaming and floating, dissolving hardness into fragility, breaking large chunks into fine dust. When burned, the powder returns to lead. Separating and rejoining, joining and separating, this precisely demonstrates the immutable nature of the Metal element undergoing change, utilizing numbers to transform. All these are the result of human effort, not natural production. In this way, inheriting the golden nature of containment and peace,
Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) rising with flame creates bitterness, possessing the transformative command of Tai Yang Cold Water. Moreover, Metal becomes firm here, reaching up to the highest heavens, penetrating down to the deepest abysses, circulating internally through the Five Viscera, and spreading externally through the skin and interstices. For treating body heat, skin pain causing oozing sores, and burning of hair, skin, and epidermis related to the Lung-Metal organ system, Huang Lian Fen (Coptis Powder) is the primary treatment. Relying on the fierce striking to seize clear and肃 (solemn/clear) qi, placing heat and vexation in a cool ground.