一名油菜。宣、散血消肿。
辛温散血。消肿。捣贴游风丹肿。（孙思邈身验、神效，及乳痈。多食动疾发疮，子、
功用
略同。治难产。油、能杀虫。（禾苗生虫虱、菜油煎滚、乘热洒扫之、即除、豆油亦可。）
宣、利气豁痰。
辛温入肺。通行经络。发汗散寒。温中开胃。利气豁痰。（丹溪曰∶痰在胁下、及皮里
膜外
、非此不能达行、韩 三子养亲汤、白芥子主痰、下气宽中、苏子主气、定喘止嗽、莱菔子
主食、开痞降气、各微炒研、看所主为君、治老人痰嗽喘满、懒食而气实者。）消肿止痛。
（痰行则肿消、气行则痛止、为末、醋调敷、消痈肿。）治咳嗽反胃。痹木香港脚。筋骨诸痛。
（痰气阻滞。）阴虚火亢。气虚久嗽者。勿服。北产者良。煎汤不可太熟。熟则力减。茎叶、
动风动气。有疮疡痔疾便血者。俱忌。芥菜子、豁痰利气。主治略同。芥菜辛热而散。能通
肺开胃。利气豁痰。久食则积温成热。辛散太甚。耗人真元。昏目发疮。
即芜菁、一名诸葛菜。泻热、利水明目。
苦辛平。泻热解毒。利水明目。（古方治目、用之最多、治黄胆捣服。）腹胀。（捣研、
滤汁
饮、或吐或利、腹中自宽、得汗愈。）症瘕积聚。小儿血痢。（蜜和汁服。）一切疮疽。（捣敷
皆
乳痈、冬采根用。）敷蜘蛛咬毒。（藏器曰∶蔓菁园中无蜘蛛。时
珍曰∶蔓菁子可升可降、能汗能吐、能下能利、利小便、明目解毒、其功甚伟、世罕知用、
何哉。）实热相宜。虚寒勿使。根、解酒毒。（末服。）涂诸热毒。（和芸苔根捣汁、鸡子清调
、或不用芸苔、单盐捣亦可。）捣敷阴囊肿大如斗。叶、利五脏。消食下气。治嗽。（飞丝入
眼、用叶揉烂、帕包、滴汁三两点、自出也。）
【芸苔】
又名油菜。具有宣通、散血、消肿的功效。
性味辛温，能散血消肿。捣碎后外贴治疗游风丹肿。（孙思邈亲身验证，神效，也可用于治疗乳痈。多食会诱发疾病和疮疡。其种子的功用大致相同。可用于治疗难产。菜油能杀虫。（如果禾苗生虫虱，将菜油煎滚，趁热洒扫地面，即可去除，豆油也可以。）
【白芥子】
具有宣通、利气、豁痰的功效。
性味辛温，入肺经。通行经络，发汗散寒，温中开胃，利气豁痰。（朱丹溪说：痰在胁下以及皮里膜外，非用此药不能到达病所。韩祗和的三子养亲汤中，白芥子主治痰证，下气宽中；苏子主治气逆，定喘止咳；莱菔子主治食积，开痞降气。三者均微炒研末，根据主治侧重选择其中一味为君药，治疗老人痰嗽喘满、食欲不振但体质尚实者。）能消肿止痛。（痰行则肿消，气行则痛止。将药研成粉末，用醋调敷，可消除痈肿。）治疗咳嗽、反胃、痹症麻木、香港脚（足部肿痛）、筋骨各种疼痛。（因痰气阻滞所致。）阴虚火旺、气虚久咳者，禁止服用。北地产的品质较好。煎汤时不可煮得太熟，煮得太熟药效会降低。茎叶动风动气，有疮疡、痔疾、便血者，均忌用。芥菜子的功效与白芥子相似，豁痰利气，主治大致相同。芥菜性味辛热而发散，能通肺开胃，利气豁痰。长期食用会使积温化热，辛散太过，耗损人体真元，导致目昏、发疮。
【蔓菁子】
即芜菁，又名诸葛菜。具有泻热、利水、明目的功效。
性味苦辛平。泻热解毒，利水明目。（古方治疗眼病，使用它最多，治疗黄疸捣汁服用。）腹胀。（捣碎研磨，滤取汁液饮用，或通过催吐或通便，腹部自然宽松，出汗后痊愈。）症瘕积聚（腹内结块）、小儿血痢。（用蜜调和汁液服用。）各种疮疽。（捣烂外敷，也适用于乳痈，冬季采集根部使用。）敷治蜘蛛咬伤毒。（陈藏器说：蔓菁园中没有蜘蛛。李时珍说：蔓菁子既能升提又能下降，既能发汗又能催吐，既能下行又能利尿，利小便，明目解毒，功效很大，世人很少知道使用，为什么呢？适合实热证，虚寒证禁用。根部，解酒毒。（研末服用。）涂敷各种热毒。（与芸苔根一起捣汁，用鸡蛋清调和，或者不用芸苔，单用盐捣碎亦可。）捣烂外敷治疗阴囊肿大如斗。叶子，利五脏，消食下气，治疗咳嗽。（飞丝入眼，用叶子揉烂，用帕子包好，滴汁两三滴，飞丝自然会出来。）
[Brassica napus (Youcai)]
Also known as rapeseed. It has the functions of promoting circulation, dispersing blood stasis, and reducing swelling.
Pungent and warm in nature, it disperses blood stasis and reduces swelling. Crushed and applied externally, it treats wandering wind carbuncle swelling. (Sun Simiao personally verified its miraculous efficacy; it is also effective for mastitis. Excessive consumption induces diseases and sores. The seeds have similar functions. It can be used to treat difficult labor. Rapeseed oil can kill parasites. (If rice seedlings are infested with lice, boil the rapeseed oil and sprinkle it hot on the ground to eliminate them; soybean oil can also be used.)
[White Mustard Seed]
It has the functions of promoting free flow, benefiting qi, and resolving phlegm.
Pungent and warm, enters the Lung meridian. It unblocks collaterals, induces sweating to dispel cold, warms the middle jiao to stimulate appetite, benefits qi, and resolves phlegm. (Zhu Danxi stated: "Phlegm located in the hypochondrium or within the subcutaneous tissue cannot reach these areas without this herb." In Han Zhihe's Sanzi Yangqin Decoction [Three-Seed Nourishing the Elderly Decoction], White Mustard Seed primarily treats phlegm by descending qi and broadening the middle; Perilla Seed primarily treats rebellious qi by calming asthma and stopping cough; Radish Seed primarily treats food stagnation by opening obstruction and descending qi. All three are lightly stir-fried and ground. One is chosen as the chief ingredient based on the primary indication, to treat elderly patients with phlegm-cough, wheezing, fullness, poor appetite, but with excess constitution.) It reduces swelling and relieves pain. (When phlegm moves, swelling subsides; when qi flows, pain stops. Ground into powder and mixed with vinegar for topical application, it eliminates carbuncles and swellings.) It treats cough, regurgitation, bi-syndrome numbness, tinea pedis (Hong Kong foot), and various pains of the sinews and bones (due to phlegm and qi obstruction). Contraindicated in cases of yin deficiency with hyperactive fire or chronic cough due to qi deficiency. Those produced in the north are superior. When decocting, do not cook too thoroughly, as excessive heat reduces efficacy. The stems and leaves move wind and qi; they are contraindicated for those with sores, hemorrhoids, or bloody stools. Mustard seed shares similar functions with White Mustard Seed in resolving phlegm and benefiting qi, with roughly the same main indications. Mustard greens are pungent, hot, and dispersing; they unblock the lungs, open the stomach, benefit qi, and resolve phlegm. Long-term consumption accumulates warmth transforming into heat; excessive pungent dispersion depletes true yuan, leading to blurred vision and sores.
[Rutabaga Seed / Turnip Seed]
This is Rutabaga (Wanjing), also known as Zhuge vegetable. It has the functions of draining heat, promoting urination, and brightening the eyes.
Bitter, pungent, and neutral in nature. It drains heat, detoxifies, promotes urination, and brightens the eyes. (It is most frequently used in ancient formulas for eye diseases; crushed and taken internally, it treats jaundice.) Abdominal distension. (Crushed, ground, filtered for juice, and drunk; either inducing vomiting or diarrhea, the abdomen naturally relaxes, and recovery occurs with sweating.) Masses and accumulations (zheng jia ji ju), pediatric bloody dysentery. (Taken with honey-mixed juice.) All types of carbuncles and ulcers. (Crushed and applied externally; also applicable to mastitis, roots harvested in winter.) Applied to treat spider bites. (Chen Zangqi stated: "There are no spiders in rutabaga gardens." Li Shizhen stated: "Rutabaga seed can ascend and descend, induce sweating and vomiting, promote downward movement and diuresis, benefit urination, brighten the eyes, and detoxify. Its efficacy is great, yet rarely known or used by the world, why?" It is suitable for excess-heat patterns; contraindicated in deficiency-cold patterns. The root detoxifies alcoholism. (Taken as powder.) Applied to various heat-toxins. (Mixed with Brassica napus root juice and egg white, or alternatively, mashed alone with salt.) Crushed and applied externally to treat scrotal edema as large as a dou. The leaves benefit the five zang organs, digest food, direct qi downward, and treat cough. (For foreign bodies like silk threads entering the eye, crush the leaves, wrap in a cloth, drip two or three drops of juice, and the object will emerge naturally.)