生肌长肉。
甘温。生肌止血，定痛补虚，续筋接骨。（丹溪曰∶白蜡属金、受收敛坚强之气、为外
科要
药、与合欢皮同入长肌肉膏中用之、神效。）虫食冬青树汁。久而化为白脂。粘敷树枝。至
秋刮取。以水煮溶。滤置冷水中。则凝聚成块。（人以和油浇烛、大胜蜜蜡。唐宋以前、
浇烛入药所用白蜡、皆蜜白蜡也、此虫白蜡、则自元以来人知之、今则为日用物矣。头上
秃疮、白蜡频涂、勿令日晒、久则自然生发。）
一名文蛤。涩、敛肺。
酸涩能敛肺。咸寒能降火。生津化痰。止嗽止血。敛汗。（郑赞寰曰∶焙研极细、以自
己漱
口水、调敷脐上、治盗汗如神。）解酒。疗消渴泄痢。疮癣五痔。下血脱肛。脓水湿烂。子
肠坠下。散热毒。消目肿。（煎水洗之。）敛疮口。（热散疮口自敛。）其色黑。能染须。（丹
溪曰∶倍子属金与水、噙之、善收顽痰、解热毒、黄昏咳嗽、乃火浮入肺、不宜用凉药、宜
五味五倍、敛而降之、娄全善医学纲目云∶王元 虚而滑精、屡与加味四物汤、吞河间秘真
丸、及真珠粉丸、不止、后用五倍子一两、茯苓二两、丸服、遂愈、此则倍子敛涩之功、敏
于龙骨蛤粉也、 庵曰∶凡用秘涩药、能通而后能秘、此方用茯苓、倍于五倍、一泻一收、
是以能尽其妙也。）嗽由外感。泻非虚脱者。禁用。生盐肤木上。乃小虫食汗。遗种结球于
叶间。（故主治之证、与盐肤子叶同功。）壳轻脆而中虚。可以染皂。或生或炒。捣末用。（
粪后下血、五倍子末、艾汤调服一钱、妇人阴血、因交接伤动者、以末掺之。）百药煎。功
与五倍子不异。但经造酿。其体轻虚。其性浮收。且味带余甘。治上焦心肺。咳嗽痰饮热渴
诸病。含噙尤为相宜。用五倍子为粗末。每一斤以真茶一两。煎浓汁。入酵糟四两。擂烂拌
和。器盛置糠缸中罨之。待发起如发面状。即成矣。捏作饼丸。晒干。（风热牙痛、百煎泡
汤、噙漱。）
具有生肌长肉的功效。
味甘、性温。能生肌止血，定痛补虚，续筋接骨。（朱丹溪说：白蜡属金，具有收敛坚硬的性质，是外科的重要药物，与合欢皮一同加入生肌肉的膏药中使用，效果神奇。）这是由昆虫食用冬青树的汁液，经过长时间转化为白色脂状物，粘附在树枝上，到秋天刮取下来，用水煮溶化后，过滤并置于冷水中，就会凝聚成块。（人们用其调和油脂制作蜡烛，胜过蜂蜡。唐宋以前，用于制烛和入药的白蜡都是蜂蜡，这种虫白蜡从元代开始被人知晓，现在已成为日常用品了。对于头顶部的秃疮，频繁涂抹白蜡，避免日晒，久而久之头发自然生长。）
又名文蛤。味涩，能敛肺。
酸涩之性能收敛肺气。咸寒之性能降火。生津化痰，止咳止血，止汗。（郑赞寰说：焙干研成极细粉末，用自己的唾液调匀敷在肚脐上，治疗盗汗效果如神。）能解酒毒，治疗消渴、泄泻痢疾，疮癣、五种痔疮，便血脱肛，脓水湿烂，直肠脱垂（子肠坠下）。散热毒，消除眼部肿胀。（煎汤外洗即可。）收敛疮口。（热散之后疮口自然愈合。）其色黑，能染黑胡须。（朱丹溪说：五倍子属金与水，含在口中，善于收摄顽固痰饮，解除热毒。黄昏时的咳嗽，是由于火气浮越进入肺部，不适宜使用凉药，宜用五味子和五倍子，收敛并降逆。娄全善在《医学纲目》中记载：王元身体虚弱且滑精，多次服用加味四物汤，吞服河间秘真丸及真珠粉丸，均无效，后来使用五倍子一两、茯苓二两，制成丸药服用，于是痊愈。这说明五倍子的收敛固涩之功，灵敏于龙骨和蛤粉。赵氏说：凡是使用秘涩的药物，必须先通利而后才能固涩，此方中茯苓用量倍于五倍子，一泻一收，因此能发挥其奇妙功效。）因外感引起的咳嗽，非虚脱导致的泄泻，禁用。生长在盐肤木上，是小虫吸食树汁，遗留分泌物在叶间结成的球状物。（所以其主治病症，与盐肤子叶的功效相同。）外壳轻脆且中空，可以用来染皂。或生用或炒制，捣碎成末使用。（大便后下血，用五倍子末，艾叶汤调服一钱；妇人阴部出血，因房事损伤所致，将粉末掺撒患处。）百药煎，功效与五倍子没有不同，但经过酿造加工，其体质轻虚，药性浮而收敛，且味道带有回甘。治疗上焦心肺的咳嗽、痰饮、热渴等各种疾病，含在口中尤为适宜。制作方法是：将五倍子捣成粗末，每一斤加入真茶一两，煎煮浓汁，再加入酵糟四两，擂烂拌和均匀，装入容器中放置在糠缸中覆盖发酵，待其发起如同发面状时，即制成。捏成饼或丸状，晒干。（风热牙痛，用百药煎泡汤，含漱。）
Promotes tissue regeneration and flesh growth.
Sweet in flavor, warm in nature. Promotes tissue regeneration, stops bleeding, alleviates pain, tonifies deficiency, reconnects tendons, and knits bones. (Zhu Danxi stated: White wax belongs to Metal, possessing the qi of astringency and firmness; it is an essential herb for external medicine. When combined with Albizia Bark [Hehuan Pi] in ointments for flesh regeneration, it yields miraculous effects.) It is formed when insects feed on the sap of the *Cinnamomum burmannii* (Wintergreen Tree), which over time transforms into a white fatty substance adhering to tree branches. In autumn, it is scraped off, boiled in water until melted, filtered, and placed in cold water, where it solidifies into blocks. (People use it mixed with oil to make candles, which surpasses beeswax. Before the Tang and Song dynasties, the white wax used for candles and medicine was beeswax. This insect-produced white wax became known since the Yuan Dynasty and is now a daily necessity. For bald sores on the head, frequent application of white wax, avoiding sun exposure, will naturally cause hair to grow over time.)
Also known as Wen Ge (Chinese Apple Gall). Astringent in flavor, astringes the Lung.
The sour and astringent properties astringe Lung Qi. The salty and cold properties descend fire. Generates fluids, resolves phlegm, stops coughing and bleeding, and arrests sweating. (Zheng Zanhuan stated: Calcined and ground into an extremely fine powder, mixed with one's own saliva, and applied to the umbilicus, it treats night sweats with divine efficacy.) Resolves alcohol toxicity, treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), diarrhea, and dysentery; manages sores, tinea, five types of hemorrhoids, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, rectal prolapse, purulent exudates, and wet ulcers. Reduces heat toxins and reduces eye swelling. (Boil in water for external washing.) Astringes sore openings. (Once heat dissipates, the sore closes naturally.) Its black color can dye beard hair. (Zhu Danxi stated: Galla Chinensis [Wubeizi] belongs to Metal and Water. Holding it in the mouth effectively gathers stubborn phlegm and resolves heat toxins. Evening coughs are caused by floating fire entering the Lung; cool herbs are inappropriate here. Instead, Schisandra Fruit [Wuweizi] and Galla Chinensis should be used to astringe and descend. Lou Quanshan recorded in *Yixue Gangmu*: Wang Yuan suffered from deficiency and seminal emission. Multiple treatments with Modified Siwu Decoction, Hejian Mizhen Pill, and Pearl Powder Pill failed. Later, he took pills made of 1 liang of Galla Chinensis and 2 liang of Poria [Fuling], resulting in a cure. This demonstrates that the astringent power of Galla Chinensis is more potent than Dragon Bone [Longgu] and Clam Shell Powder [Gafen]. Zhao stated: Herbs that astringe must first promote free flow before they can secure. In this formula, Poria is used twice the amount of Galla Chinensis; one drains while the other astringes, thus achieving its wonderful effect.] Coughs due to external pathogens and diarrhea not caused by collapse are contraindicated. It grows on *Rhus chinensis* (Chinese Sumac), formed by small insects feeding on sap and depositing eggs/seeds between leaves. (Therefore, its therapeutic indications are similar to those of the leaves of *Rhus chinensis*.) The shell is light, brittle, and hollow, suitable for dyeing soap. Used raw or stir-fried, crushed into powder. (For post-defecation lower GI bleeding, take 1 qian of Galla Chinensis powder mixed with Mugwort decoction. For vaginal bleeding in women caused by sexual intercourse trauma, apply the powder topically.) Baiyaojian (Fermented Gall Tablet) has effects identical to Galla Chinensis but undergoes fermentation processing, making its texture light and void, its nature floating and astringent, with a lingering sweet taste. It treats diseases of the Upper Jiao Heart and Lung, such as cough, phlegm-fluid retention, heat, and thirst. Holding it in the mouth is particularly suitable. Preparation method: Coarsely crush Galla Chinensis. For every 1 jin, add 1 liang of true tea, boil to make a concentrated decoction. Add 4 liang of yeast residue, mash and mix thoroughly. Place in a vessel within a bran vat to cover and ferment. Wait until it rises like dough. Form into cakes or pills and dry in the sun. (For toothache due to wind-heat, soak Baiyaojian in water and gargle.)