\r天门冬\pq38a1.bmp\r
清金降火。苦寒味带余甘。壮水强阴。润泽性偏在腻。咳血可疗痈痿愈。尸虫尽化
燥痰除。肠滑勿投。胃虚当禁。（天门冬甘苦而寒。色白润降。清肺金。壮肾水。是其本功
。本经称其杀三虫。去伏尸鬼疰者。大抵亦为瘀热所化。热退则病除耳。天冬较麦冬苦多寒
盛。沉降之性过之。故兼能入肾经。治诸病总宜于阴不足而有火邪者。若脾胃虚寒便溏之人
。禁勿用。）
\r五味子\pq38a.bmp\r
五味俱备。酸温独多。收肺气耗散之金。喘嗽咳红上受益。滋肾经不足之水。遗精
滑泻下承扶。能敛汗液之耗亡。奠安君主。且治瞳神之散大。回护元阴。表有风寒。须知禁
用。里多邪滞。切禁轻尝。（五味子虽有五味。究竟酸味独专。故主治亦在酸敛之功。其性
温。五脏皆可导引而入。不独肺肾也。凡一切气血耗散脱竭之证。表里无邪者。皆可同补药
用之。咳嗽遗滑。属肺肾虚寒者。尤为相宜。）
\r天花粉\pq38.bmp\r
清胸胃之烦热。痰垢均除。解心肺之炎蒸。苦甘并济。生津止渴。金燥宜求。行水
消瘀。黄瘅可治。消肿排脓结可散。泽枯润槁性偏寒。（天花粉色白甘苦而寒。即瓜蒌根也
。入肺胃血分。专清上焦邪热。下降一切黄瘅肿毒。皆从郁热水血互结而来。其能利水道。
消瘀血。故主治如上。玉露霜即鲜天花粉。以水澄出之粉晒干用。性味主治皆同。略厘清浊
耳。）
天门冬
具有清肃肺金、降泄火邪的功效。其味苦寒，带有微甘。能壮补肾水、强固真阴。其润泽之性偏于滋腻。可治疗咳血，治愈痈疽痿痹，化解尸虫（寄生虫），消除燥痰。肠滑泄泻者不宜使用，脾胃虚弱者应当禁用。（天门冬味甘苦而性寒，色白质润且主沉降，能清肃肺金、壮补肾水，这是它的基本功效。《神农本草经》称它能杀灭三虫、去除伏尸鬼疰，大抵是因为这些病症多由瘀热转化而成，热退则病除。天冬比麦冬更苦、寒性更盛，沉降之性更强，因此兼能入肾经治疗疾病。总体来看，诸病总适宜于阴液不足而有火邪的患者。如果是脾胃虚寒、大便溏薄的人，禁止使用。）
五味子
五味俱全，以酸温为主。能收敛肺气耗散的金气，对于喘促、咳嗽、咳血等上部症状有益。能滋补肾经不足的水液，对于遗精、滑泄等下部症状有扶持作用。能收敛汗液的耗亡，安定心神（君主）。还能治疗瞳孔散大，回护元阴。若表证有风寒，必须知道禁用。若体内多有邪气停滞，切忌轻易尝试。（五味子虽然具备五味，但终究以酸味为主，所以主治也在于酸敛的功效。其性温，五脏皆可引导而入，不独限于肺肾。凡是气血耗散、脱竭的证候，只要表里没有邪气的，都可以配合补药使用。咳嗽、遗精滑泄，属于肺肾虚寒的，尤为适宜。）
天花粉
能清解胸胃的烦热，痰垢均被清除。能解除心肺的炎蒸，苦甘并济。生津止渴，适合肺金燥热者寻求。行水利尿，消散瘀血，黄疸可治。消肿排脓，结块可散，滋润枯槁，其性偏寒。（天花粉色白，味甘苦而性寒，就是瓜蒌根。入肺胃血分，专门清解上焦邪热，下降一切黄疸肿毒，都从郁热水血互结而来。它能利水道、消瘀血，所以主治如上所述。玉露霜即鲜天花粉，用水澄清后取出的粉晒干使用，性味主治都相同，只是稍微厘清了清浊之分。）
Tian Dong (Radix Asparagi)
Clears the Lung Metal and descends fire. Bitter, cold, with a lingering sweet taste. Strengthens Kidney Water and fortifies True Yin. Its moistening nature tends to be cloying. It treats hemoptysis, cures sores and atrophy syndromes, dissolves parasitic worms, and eliminates dry phlegm. Do not administer in cases of intestinal sliding (loose stools); it is contraindicated for those with Spleen-Stomach deficiency. (Tian Dong is sweet, bitter, and cold. Its color is white, its texture moist, and its action descending; it clears Lung Metal and strengthens Kidney Water, which constitutes its fundamental function. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states that it kills three types of parasites and removes "Fu Shi" (latent corpse-like pathogens) and "Gui Zhu" (ghostly infestations), largely because these conditions are transformed by blood stasis and heat; when the heat recedes, the disease resolves. Compared to Mai Dong (Radix Ophiopogonis), Tian Dong is more bitter and possesses a stronger cold nature, with a greater descending property, thus also entering the Kidney meridian to treat various diseases. Generally, it is suitable for conditions characterized by Yin insufficiency with Fire pathogenic factors. However, it is strictly prohibited for individuals with Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold and loose stools.)
Wu Wei Zi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis)
Possesses all five flavors, predominantly sour and warm. It astringes the dispersing Qi of the Lung Metal, benefiting upper symptoms such as wheezing, cough, and hemoptysis. It nourishes the insufficient Water of the Kidney Meridian, supporting lower symptoms such as seminal emission and slippery diarrhea. It can astringe the loss of sweat fluids, stabilizing the Heart (the Sovereign). It also treats dilation of the pupils and protects Yuan Yin (Primordial Yin). If there is Wind-Cold on the exterior, it must be known to be contraindicated. If there is much pathogenic stagnation internally, it is strictly forbidden to try it lightly. (Although Wu Wei Zi has all five flavors, the sour flavor is predominant, so its therapeutic effect lies primarily in its astringent property. Its nature is warm, allowing it to guide into all five Zang organs, not limited to the Lung and Kidney. For any condition involving depletion and exhaustion of Qi and Blood, provided there are no pathogenic factors on the interior or exterior, it can be used together with tonifying herbs. For cough and seminal emission/slippery discharge belonging to Lung-Kidney deficiency-cold, it is particularly appropriate.)
Tian Hua Fen (Radix Trichosanthis)
Clears vexatious heat in the Chest and Stomach, eliminating phlegm and grime. Resolves steaming inflammation of the Heart and Lungs, balancing bitter and sweet properties. Generates fluids and stops thirst, suitable for seeking relief from Lung Metal dryness. Promotes water metabolism and dissipates blood stasis, treating jaundice. Reduces swelling and expels pus, disperses nodules, moisturizes withered tissues; its nature is slightly cold. (Tian Hua Fen is white, sweet, bitter, and cold; it is the root of Gua Lou (Trichosanthes kirilowii). It enters the Blood aspect of the Lung and Stomach, specifically clearing exogenous heat in the Upper Jiao. It descends and treats all forms of jaundice and toxic swellings, which arise from the mutual binding of stagnant heat, water, and blood. Because it promotes urination and dissipates blood stasis, its indications are as described above. Yu Lu Shuang refers to fresh Tian Hua Fen, clarified with water, dried into powder, and used; its nature, flavor, and indications are identical, differing only slightly in the clarification of turbidity.)