治疗与胡椒相似。温膀胱。治肾脏寒凝。性味却辛苦不同。降逆气。散胃中冷滞。
（毕澄茄形如胡椒。味苦辛温。不如胡椒之热。但入脾胃。温中散逆。下气豁痰。又能治肾
与膀胱冷气。亦凡子皆降之意。大抵一物大同小异耳。）
\r芫荽\pq117a.bmp\r
辛温善散。可宣肺胃之寒凝。香窜难闻。能起痘疹之滞遏。（芫荽一名胡荽。辛温入
肺胃。散寒快气。食之爽口。腹辟秽恶。毕竟芫荽辛臭之品。故道家列为五荤之一。人之血
气。闻香则顺。闻臭则逆。若痘疹不起。欲用此宣发。吾恐欲顺反逆。不如求之他药为稳耳
。）
\r 香\pq117.bmp\r
治腹痛。平呕吐。理胃宣中。辛甘并合。疗疝瘕。祛寒湿。疏肝暖肾。香燥偏优。（
香有大小二种。形如八角者为大茴香。如蛇床子者为小茴香。食料入药。皆以大者为胜。
今人但知食料用大茴香。其小茴香概作药用。亦习俗相仍耳。二者俱属辛甘温。能入肝与脾
胃。统治寒湿疝瘕小肠膀胱一切冷气。至于宣中辟恶。开胃止呕。亦皆辛香温暖之力欤。）
（李时珍曰。石者。气之核。土之骨也。大则为山岩。细则为砂尘。其精者。为金为玉。
其毒者。为 为砒。气之凝也。则结而为丹青。气之化也。则液而为矾汞。是以禹贡周官。
列其土产。农经轩典。详其性功。亦良相良医之所当注意者也。）
（毕澄茄）的治疗作用与胡椒相似。能温煦膀胱，治疗肾脏寒邪凝滞。但其性味却不同于胡椒的辛热。它能降逆气，消散胃中的冷积停滞。
（毕澄茄形状像胡椒，味道苦、辛、温，不如胡椒那样大热。主要入脾胃经，温中散逆，下气化痰。又能治疗肾与膀胱的冷气，这也符合“凡是果实多具有沉降特性”的道理。大体上是一物大同小异罢了。）
芫荽
气味辛温，善于发散，可以宣通肺胃的寒邪凝滞。气味香窜且难闻，能透发痘疹的郁遏。（芫荽又名胡荽，辛温入肺胃经，散寒理气，食用爽口，辟除秽恶之气。毕竟芫荽是辛臭之物，所以道家将其列为五荤之一。人的气血，闻到香气则顺行，闻到臭气则逆行。如果痘疹不出，想要用此药来宣发透疹，我担心反而会导致气血逆乱，不如寻求其他药物更为稳妥。）
茴香
治疗腹痛，平抑呕吐，调理胃气，宣通中焦。辛味与甘味结合，治疗疝气和瘕聚，祛除寒湿，疏肝暖肾，其香燥之性较为优越。（茴香有大、小两种，形状像八角的是大茴香，形状像蛇床子种子的是小茴香。作为食料或入药，都以大茴香为优。现在的人只知道食料用大茴香，而将小茴香一概作为药用，这也是沿袭习俗所致。二者都属于辛、甘、温，能入肝及脾胃经，统治寒湿、疝气、瘕聚以及小肠、膀胱的一切冷气。至于宣通中焦、辟除秽恶、开胃止呕，也都是辛香温暖的作用吧。）
（李时珍说：石，是气的核心，土的骨骼。大的成为山岩，细的成为砂尘。其中精华的，成为金和玉。其中有毒的，成为雄黄和砒霜。这是气凝聚而成的。气凝结则形成朱砂和丹青，气化则变成液体而为矾和汞。因此，《禹贡》和《周礼·考工记》中列出了各地的土产，《农政全书》和《轩辕本纪》等详细记载了其性质和功能，这也是优秀的宰相和良医所应当注意的。）
(Bidengqie) has therapeutic effects similar to Piperis Nigris Fructus (Black Pepper). It warms the Bladder and treats cold coagulation in the Kidney. However, its nature and flavor differ from the hot property of Black Pepper. It directs rebellious Qi downward and disperses cold stagnation in the Stomach.
(Bidengqie resembles Black Pepper in shape; its flavor is bitter, pungent, and warm, but it is not as hot as Black Pepper. It primarily enters the Spleen and Stomach channels, warming the middle and dispersing rebellion, descending Qi, and resolving phlegm. It can also treat cold qi in the Kidney and Bladder, which aligns with the principle that "fruits generally have a descending nature." Generally speaking, they are largely similar with minor differences.)
Yansui (Coriandri Fructus)
Pungent and warm, it is good at dispersing; it can vent cold coagulation in the Lung and Stomach. Its penetrating fragrance is unpleasant, yet it can help erupt the stagnation of smallpox/rashes. (Yansui, also known as Huxu, is pungent and warm, entering the Lung and Stomach channels. It disperses cold and promotes Qi circulation, tastes refreshing when eaten, and repels foul odors. Since Yansui is a pungent and smelly substance, it is listed by Daoists as one of the Five Pungent Vegetables. Human Qi and Blood flow smoothly upon smelling fragrances but reverse upon smelling foul odors. If rashes fail to erupt and one wishes to use this herb to vent them, I fear it might cause reversal instead of smoothness; it would be safer to seek other herbs.)
Xiang (Foeniculi Fructus / Anisi Stellati Fructus)
Treats abdominal pain, calms vomiting, regulates the Stomach, and vents the Middle Jiao. The combination of pungent and sweet flavors treats hernia and mass formations, dispels cold-dampness, soothes the Liver, and warms the Kidney; its aromatic and drying properties are superior. (There are two types of Xiang: Foeniculi Fructus (Small Fennel), resembling seeds of Cnidii Fructus (Shechuangzi); and Anisi Stellati Fructus (Star Anise), resembling an eight-pointed star. For culinary and medicinal use, the larger type (Star Anise) is considered superior. Nowadays, people only know to use Star Anise for food, while using Small Fennel exclusively for medicine, which is merely a custom. Both are pungent, sweet, and warm. They enter the Liver, Spleen, and Stomach channels, treating all cold qi conditions such as cold-dampness, hernia, masses, and disorders of the Small Intestine and Bladder. As for venting the middle, repelling evil, opening the appetite, and stopping vomiting, these are all due to the power of their pungent, aromatic, and warm nature.)
(Li Shizhen said: Stone is the core of Qi and the bone of Earth. Large forms become mountain rocks, fine forms become sand and dust. The essence of these becomes Metal and Jade. The toxic ones become Realgar (Xionghuang) and Arsenic Trioxide (Pisu). This is formed by the condensation of Qi. When Qi condenses, it forms Cinnabar (Zhusha) and Danqing; when Qi transforms, it becomes liquid, forming Alum (Fan) and Mercury (Gong). Therefore, the *Yu Gong* (Tribute of Yu) and *Zhou Li* (Rites of Zhou) list local earth products, while agricultural classics and ancient texts detail their properties and functions. These are matters that capable ministers and excellent physicians should pay attention to.)