\r甘草\pq4a1.bmp\r
味甘性平。和中解毒。生用退虚热之功。补中寓泻。炙服助脾元之力。守内有常。推
其缓急多能。故诸病均堪相济。且可协和群药。而各方随处咸宜。节医肿毒成疮。痈疽有验
。梢止阴茎作痛。淋浊无忧。（甘草色黄味甘属土。为脾胃之正药。能补诸虚。善解百毒。
以诸药遇甘则补。百毒遇土则化之意。凡甘药皆能缓中。甘草味极甘。故热药得之缓其热。
寒药得之缓其寒。同补药则补。同泻药则泻。缓一切火。止一切痛。惟中满因于邪滞者不宜
用之。外科方中最宜。但甘草味过于甘。若多服单服。则中气喘满。令人呕吐。）
\r黄 \pq4a.bmp\r
固卫气而实皮毛。敛汗托疮。宜生乃效。补中州以资脾肺。阳虚血脱。当炙为良。味
甘性温。色黄气浓。（黄 一作耆者老也。为补药之长。故名。生者虽补中而善行卫分。能
益气固表。得防风则补而不滞。行而不泄。其功愈大。同当归则和营达卫。炙用则大补中气
。有阳生阴长之理。黄 之补。善达表益卫。温分肉。肥腠理。使阳气和利。充满流行。自
然生津生血。故为外科家圣药。以营卫气血太和。自无瘀滞耳。）
\r远志\pq4.bmp\r
开心窍而泄热搜邪。味属苦辛。兼能散肿。通肾气以安神益志。性含温燥。并可疗忘
。（远志苦辛而燥。专入心肾二经。所谓远志者。以肾藏志。远志能宣泄肾邪。邪着则志不
定。邪去而志自远大也。能通肾气上达于心。使肾中之水。上交于离。成既济之象。故能益
智疗忘。然毕竟宣泄之品。无补益之功。故一切痈疸外证。若因七情内郁气血不调者。外敷
内服。并皆治之。）
甘草
味甘，性平。能调和脾胃、解除毒素。生用具有退除虚热的功效，在补益中兼有泻实的作用；炙用能辅助脾脏元气，固守体内正气，作用稳定。推究其缓急之效，应用广泛，因此各种疾病均可配合使用，且能协调诸药，使得各方剂处处适宜。治疗外科肿毒成疮、痈疽等有疗效。梢部（甘草梢）可止阴茎疼痛，无忧淋浊之患。（甘草色黄味甘属土，为脾胃的正药。能补诸虚，善解百毒。因为诸药遇甘则补，百毒遇土则化之意。凡甘味药皆能缓中，甘草味极甘，所以热药得之则缓其热，寒药得之则缓其寒。同补药则补，同泻药则泻。缓一切火，止一切痛。惟中满因于邪滞者不宜用之。外科方中最宜。但甘草味过于甘，若多服单服，则中气喘满，令人呕吐。）
黄芪
固护卫气而充实皮毛。敛汗托毒排脓，宜生用才有效。补益中焦以资助脾肺。阳虚血脱，当炙用为佳。味甘性温，色黄气浓。（黄芪，“耆”者老也。为补药之长，故名。生者虽补中而善行卫分，能益气固表，得防风则补而不滞，行而不泄，其功愈大。同当归则和营达卫，炙用则大补中气，有阳生阴长之理。黄芪之补，善达表益卫，温分肉，肥腠理，使阳气和利，充满流行，自然生津生血，故为外科家圣药，以营卫气血太和，自无瘀滞耳。）
远志
开心窍而泄热搜邪。味属苦辛，兼能散肿。通肾气以安神益志。性含温燥，并可疗忘。（远志苦辛而燥，专入心肾二经。所谓远志者，以肾藏志，远志能宣泄肾邪，邪着则志不定，邪去而志自远大也。能通肾气上达于心，使肾中之水，上交于离，成既济之象，故能益智疗忘。然毕竟宣泄之品，无补益之功，故一切痈疸外证，若因七情内郁气血不调者，外敷内服，并皆治之。）
Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae)
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Harmonizes the middle jiao and detoxifies. Raw use has the function of clearing deficiency heat; it tonifies while containing draining properties. Honey-fried use assists spleen yuan qi, guarding the interior with constancy. Considering its ability to moderate urgency and relieve spasm, it is widely applicable, thus suitable for assisting in various diseases. Moreover, it harmonizes other herbs, making it suitable for all prescriptions. It is effective for treating surgical swelling, toxins forming sores, and carbuncles. The tip (Gancao Shao) stops penile pain and alleviates turbid urinary discharge. (Gancao is yellow in color and sweet in taste, belonging to Earth, and is the principal herb for the Spleen and Stomach. It can tonify various deficiencies and resolve hundred toxins. This is based on the principle that herbs meet sweetness to be tonified, and hundred toxins meet Earth to be transformed. All sweet herbs can moderate the middle; Gancao is extremely sweet, so when combined with hot herbs, it moderates their heat; with cold herbs, it moderates their cold. Combined with tonifying herbs, it tonifies; with draining herbs, it drains. It moderates all fire and stops all pain. However, it should not be used for fullness in the middle caused by pathogenic stagnation. It is most suitable in surgical formulas. But since Gancao's sweetness is too strong, if taken alone or in large doses, it causes qi rebellion and fullness in the middle, leading to vomiting.)
Huangqi (Radix Astragali Membranacei)
Consolidates Wei Qi and strengthens the skin and hair. Astringes sweat and pushes out pus from sores; raw use is effective. Tonifies the Middle Jiao to nourish the Spleen and Lungs. For Yang deficiency and blood collapse, honey-fried use is superior. Sweet in taste, warm in nature, yellow in color with dense aroma. ("Qi" means old/elder. As the chief among tonifying herbs, it is named thus. Raw Huangqi, although tonifying the middle, effectively moves in the Wei level, benefiting Qi and consolidating the exterior. When combined with Fangfeng, it tonifies without stagnation and moves without leakage, enhancing its efficacy. Combined with Danggui, it harmonizes Ying and reaches Wei. Honey-fried use greatly tonifies Middle Qi, following the principle that Yang generation leads to Yin growth. Huangqi's tonification effectively reaches the exterior, benefits Wei Qi, warms the muscle spaces, and thickens the interstices, allowing Yang Qi to flow smoothly and abundantly, naturally generating fluids and blood. Thus, it is a sacred herb for surgeons, as harmonious Ying, Wei, Qi, and Blood naturally prevent stasis.)
Yuanzhi (Radix Polygalae Tenuifoliae)
Opens the heart orifices and drains heat to expel pathogens. Bitter and acrid in taste, also capable of dispersing swelling. Unblocks Kidney Qi to calm the spirit and benefit willpower. Warm and dry in nature, also treats forgetfulness. (Yuanzhi is bitter, acrid, and drying, specifically entering the Heart and Kidney meridians. "Yuanzhi" implies distant will; since the Kidneys store Will (Zhi), Yuanzhi can drain Kidney pathogens. When pathogens adhere, Will is unsettled; when pathogens are removed, Will becomes far-reaching. It unblocks Kidney Qi to ascend to the Heart, causing Kidney Water to ascend to Li (Fire), creating the image of Ji Ji (Already Completed/Interaction). Thus, it benefits wisdom and treats forgetfulness. However, it is essentially a draining product without tonifying power. Therefore, for all external conditions like carbuncles and jaundice caused by internal depression of Seven Emotions and disharmony of Qi and Blood, both external application and internal administration can treat them.)