\r紫花地丁\pq110a.bmp\r
泻疔疮之毒壅。味苦性寒。入包络与肝经。通营破血。（紫花地丁即地丁草之茎
。色紫而开紫花者。故性味主治与蒲公英相同。惟此能入手足厥阴血分。行瘀活血为略异。
故紫花地丁治疔疮毒壅为胜也。）
\r白芥子\pq110.bmp\r
辛能发汗。热可温中。入肺胃以搜痰。并走皮间与膜外。宽胸膈而利气。却能散冷
耗营阴。（白芥子此芥种类少异。茎叶青白色。其子黄白色。非如食芥之叶青绿色而子紫黑
也。味大辛。性大热。入肺胃二经。散寒下气。宽胸膈。利风痰。其辛散之性。食之泪出。
又能达肝。故治痰在胁下。及皮里膜外者。非此不除。但耗阴散气。昏目圣神。虚人禁用。
）
\r莱菔子\pq110a2.bmp\r
下气消痰。生服性升能涌吐。宽中化食。炒香气降味辛温。可消胀以利肠。能定喘
而止嗽。（莱菔子辛甘温。入肺胃。长于治痰。生用则能升能散。善吐胸膈风痰。炒熟则性
降。气降则痰消。一切喘嗽因痰者。皆可用之。能消面积。观其在上在下。用生用炒。或吐
或消。无不灵验。亦物性之使然耳。根主治相同。）
入脾胃。燥湿温中。肺饮蓄痰嗽可愈。味辛热。逐寒散冷。肾邪痹着重能轻。炮黑则
味苦性和。血药用为引导。服食可入营守内。补方赖以前驱。（干姜即生姜之宿根老母姜。
置流水中。浸三日。刮净皮。晒干为之。又名军姜。辛热性燥。不如生者之散表。而热燥过
之。入脾胃。逐寒燥湿。是其所长。与肺肾药同用。亦能入肺肾。观小青龙之治饮邪咳嗽。
肾着汤之治寒湿腰痛可知。炮黑则辛少苦多。燥散之性已减。温守之力独优。能入血分。协
助补药之力。故营血虚寒而欲温补者。非此不为功。即纯虚而无寒者。亦可用之。不温则虚
不复也。）
能够消除疔疮的毒邪壅滞。味道苦，性质寒凉。归入心包络和肝经。能疏通营血、破除瘀血。（紫花地丁就是地丁草的茎。颜色紫红并开出紫色花朵。所以它的性味和主治功效与蒲公英相同。只是此药能进入手足厥阴经的血分，在行瘀活血方面略有不同。因此紫花地丁治疗疔疮毒邪壅滞的效果更佳。）
辛味能发汗。热性可温中焦。进入肺经和胃经以搜剔痰浊。同时作用于皮间和膜外。能宽畅胸膈并利气机。但容易耗散寒气、损伤营阴。（白芥子是芥菜的一个种类，略有差异。茎叶呈青白色，种子为黄白色，不像食用芥菜的叶子是青绿色而种子是紫黑色。味道极辛，性质极热。归入肺、胃二经。能散寒下气，宽胸膈，利风痰。其辛散的性质强烈，食用时使人流泪。又能通达肝经，所以治疗痰饮停留在胁下以及皮里膜外的病症，非此药不能清除。但它会耗伤阴液、散失正气，导致眼睛昏花，神志受损，体虚之人禁用。）
能降气消痰。生用时性质上升，能引起涌吐。能宽中焦、化积食。炒熟后气味下降，味道辛温。可以消除胀满以利肠道。能平定气喘并止咳。（莱菔子辛甘温。归入肺、胃经。擅长治疗痰证。生用则能升能散，善于吐出胸膈的风痰；炒熟后性质下降，气降则痰消。所有因痰引起的喘咳症状，都可以使用它。能消除面食积滞。观察其在身体上部或下部，使用生品或炒品，或用于催吐或用于消导，无不灵验有效。这也是事物本性使然。莱菔子的根主治功效相同。）
进入脾、胃经。燥湿温中。肺中停饮蓄积导致的痰嗽可以痊愈。味道辛热。驱逐寒气、散除冷邪。肾邪导致的痹症沉重感能减轻。炮制变黑后味道变苦且性质平和。作为血药的引导药。服用后可进入营分守持于内。补益方剂依赖它作为先导。（干姜即生姜的宿根老母姜。放在流水中浸泡三天，刮净外皮，晒干制成。又名军姜。辛热性质燥烈，不如生姜那样发散表邪，但热燥之性超过生姜。进入脾胃，驱逐寒气、燥湿，是它的长处。与肺、肾药物同用，也能进入肺、肾。看小青龙汤治疗饮邪咳嗽，肾着汤治疗寒湿腰痛就可以知道。炮制变黑后辛味减少苦味增多，燥散的性质已经减弱，温守的力量独优。能进入血分，协助补药的力量。所以对于营血虚寒想要温补的人，非此药不能成功。即使是纯虚无寒的情况，也可以使用它。不温补则虚损无法恢复。）
Zihua Diding (Viola Yedoensis)
Eliminates the toxic stagnation of ding sores. Bitter in taste, cold in nature. Enters the Pericardium and Liver meridians. Unblocks Ying (Nutritive) blood and breaks blood stasis. (Zihua Diding is the stem of Didingscao [Herba Violae]. It has a purple color and opens purple flowers. Therefore, its nature, taste, and therapeutic indications are the same as Pugongying [Herba Taraxaci]. However, this herb can enter the Blood aspect of the Foot-Shaoyin and Hand-Jueyin meridians, with a slight difference in promoting blood circulation and resolving stasis. Thus, Zihua Diding is superior in treating toxic stagnation of ding sores.)
Baijiezhi (Semen Sinapis Albae)
Pungency induces sweating. Heat warms the Middle Jiao. Enters the Lung and Stomach meridians to search out phlegm. Travels through the interstices of the skin and outside the membranes. Widens the chest and diaphragm and benefits Qi movement. However, it can dissipate cold and consume Ying (Nutritive) Yin. (Baijiezhi is a variety of mustard, slightly different. The stems and leaves are greenish-white, and the seeds are yellowish-white, unlike edible mustard which has green leaves and purplish-black seeds. Extremely pungent in taste, extremely hot in nature. Enters the Lung and Stomach meridians. Disperses cold and directs Qi downward, widens the chest and diaphragm, and benefits wind-phlegm. Its pungent and dispersing nature is strong; consuming it causes tears. It can also reach the Liver meridian. Therefore, it treats phlegm retained in the hypochondrium and inside the skin but outside the membranes; without this herb, such phlegm cannot be eliminated. But it consumes Yin and disperses Qi, causing blurred vision and impairing spirit. Contraindicated in deficient persons.)
Laifuzi (Semen Raphani)
Directs Qi downward and eliminates phlegm. When taken raw, its ascending nature induces vomiting. Widens the Middle Jiao and transforms food accumulation. When stir-fried, its aroma descends, and its taste is pungent and warm. It can eliminate distension and benefit the intestines. It can calm asthma and stop coughing. (Laifuzi is pungent, sweet, and warm. Enters the Lung and Stomach meridians. Excels at treating phlegm. Used raw, it ascends and disperses, effectively vomiting wind-phlegm from the chest and diaphragm. Stir-fried, its nature descends; when Qi descends, phlegm dissipates. All asthma and coughing caused by phlegm can be treated with it. It can eliminate rice and wheat food stagnation. Observing its use in the upper or lower body, using raw or fried forms, for vomiting or eliminating, all are effective. This is due to the nature of the substance itself. The root has the same therapeutic indications.)
Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum)
Enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. Dries dampness and warms the Middle Jiao. Pulmonary fluid retention and accumulated phlegm-cough can be cured. Pungent and hot in taste. Drives out cold and dissipates chill. Can alleviate heavy sensations in Bi syndrome caused by Kidney pathogenic factors. When charred, the taste becomes bitter and the nature mild. Serves as a guiding agent for blood-invigorating herbs. Upon ingestion, it enters the Ying (Nutritive) level and guards internally. Tonifying formulas rely on it as a vanguard. (Ganjiang is the old mother ginger root of Shengjiang [Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens]. Soaked in running water for three days, scraped clean of skin, and sun-dried. Also known as Jiangjiang. Pungent, hot, and drying in nature. Unlike Shengjiang, it does not disperse the exterior as much, but its heat and dryness exceed that of Shengjiang. Entering the Spleen and Stomach, driving out cold and drying dampness is its strength. When used with Lung and Kidney herbs, it can also enter these organs. As seen in Xiao Qinglong Tang [Minor Green Dragon Decoction] treating fluid-retention cough, and Shen Zhuo Tang [Kidney Fixation Decoction] treating cold-damp waist pain. Charred, it has less pungency and more bitterness; its drying and dispersing nature is reduced, while its warming and guarding power is superior. It can enter the Blood level and assist the power of tonifying herbs. Therefore, for those with Ying-Blood deficiency and cold wishing to warm and tonify, this herb is indispensable. Even in cases of pure deficiency without cold, it can be used. Without warming, deficiency will not recover.)