无毒附花皮油 植生
桐叶（出神农本经）主恶蚀疮着阴○皮主五痔杀三虫○花主敷猪疮饲猪肥大三倍（以
上朱
字神农本经）皮疗贲豚气病（以上黑字名医所录）【名】白桐 青桐 冈桐 花桐 荣桐 椅
桐桐木 黄桐 梧桐 榇 油桐【苗】〔图经曰〕桐有三种白桐二月开黄紫花不结实冬生
似子者乃是明年之花房也其木无子材堪琴瑟药中所用花叶者此也尔雅云荣桐因其花而不实之
谓亦谓之花桐一种皮青枝上橐鄂有五其子缀于橐鄂之傍者曰梧桐亦谓之青桐炒其实啖之味似
菱芡复有冈桐生于高冈故曰冈桐盖桐性便湿不生于冈此种故有冈桐之号其子大而油多亦曰油
桐也或曰梧桐以知日月正闰生十二叶一边有六叶从下敷一叶为一月有闰则生十三叶视叶小者
则知闰何月也故曰梧桐不生则九州异故名之曰桐亦犹 荚十五以知塑望之义也【地】〔图经
曰〕生桐柏山谷今处处有之【时】〔生〕春舒叶〔采〕秋前取【收】阴干【用】叶皮花【质】
类
凡使锉碎用【治】〔疗〕〔图经曰〕刺桐止金疮血梧桐白皮主痔〔药性论云〕白桐皮治五淋沐
发去头风及生发滋润〔日华子云〕桐油敷恶疮疥及宣水肿涂鼠咬患处
无毒 植生
胡椒主下气温中去痰除脏腑中风冷（名医所录）【名】昧履支【苗】段成式酉阳杂俎云
春
夏生叶青滑可爱茎极柔弱有细条与叶齐条上结子如鼠李子两两相对叶晨开暮合则裹其子于叶
中又似汉椒至辛辣今作胡盘肉食皆用之【地】〔图经曰〕生西戎〔海药云〕出南海诸国〔别
录云〕摩伽陀国【时】〔生〕春生叶〔采〕六月取实【收】日干【用】子【质】类鼠李子【色】
黑
公云〕凡使拣净于石槽中碾碎成粉用【治】〔疗〕〔日华子云〕调五脏止霍乱心腹冷痛壮肾
气及冷痢〔别录云〕去胃口气虚冷宿食不消冷气上冲及胃中寒痰食已即吐【禁】多食损肺【
解】杀一切鱼肉鳖蕈毒
【无毒，植物生长】
桐叶（出自《神农本草经》）主治恶蚀疮（一种腐蚀性溃疡），若疮生在阴部则疗效更佳；桐皮主治五种痔疮，能杀灭三种寄生虫；桐花可用于外敷治疗猪的皮肤病，或喂给猪食用可使猪体重增加三倍。（以上朱字标注的内容出自《神农本草经》）桐皮可治疗奔豚气病（一种自觉有气从少腹上冲胸咽的病证）。（以上黑字标注的内容为历代名医所记录）
【名称】白桐、青桐、冈桐、花桐、荣桐、椅桐、桐木、黄桐、梧桐、榇、油桐。
【苗情】〔《图经》记载〕桐树有三种：白桐在二月开出黄紫色的花，不结果实，冬季生长的类似种子的东西，其实是来年的花房。这种木材无子，其材质适合制作琴瑟，也是药物中常用花和叶的品种。《尔雅》称其为“荣桐”，是因为它开花而不结果，所以也称为“花桐”。另一种是皮呈青色、枝干上有节瘤且隆起的梧桐，它的种子附着在节瘤旁边，称为梧桐，也叫青桐。炒熟后食用其果实，味道像菱角和芡实。还有生长在高山上的冈桐，因此得名冈桐。大概因为桐树的习性适宜潮湿环境，不生长在高冈之上，所以才有冈桐这个名称。冈桐的种子大而含油量多，所以也叫油桐。有人说梧桐树知道日月和闰月的变化，长出十二片叶子，一边六片，下面一片代表一个月，如果有闰月则长十三片叶子，观察叶子较小的那个月份就知道是哪个月闰了。所以说如果梧桐树不生长，九州的风土人情就会不同，因此命名为“桐”，这就像荚蓂草十五天开一花以知晓朔望日期的道理一样。
【产地】〔《图经》记载〕桐树生长在桐柏山谷，现在各地都有分布。
【时节】〔生长〕春季舒展叶片；〔采收〕秋季前采集；〔贮藏〕阴干；〔药用部位〕叶、皮、花。
【质地与用法】类似普通药材，使用时需锉碎。
【功效】〔治疗〕〔《图经》记载〕刺桐可止住金疮出血，梧桐白皮主治痔疮。〔《药性论》记载〕白桐皮治疗五淋，洗头可去除头风并促进头发生长、滋润头发。〔《日华子》记载〕桐油外敷可治疗恶疮、疥癣，以及宣通水肿，涂抹于老鼠咬伤处。
【无毒，植物生长】
胡椒主治下焦虚寒，温中散寒，祛除痰饮，消除脏腑中的风寒邪气。（历代名医所记录）
【名称】昧履支。
【苗情】段成式在《酉阳杂俎》中记载：春夏季节生长，叶子青翠光滑可爱，茎非常柔弱，有细条与叶子齐平，条上结出的果实像鼠李，两两相对。叶子早晨开放，傍晚闭合，从而将果实包裹在叶中，又有点像汉椒，味道极其辛辣。现在制作胡盘肉食时都使用它。
【产地】〔《图经》记载〕生长在西戎地区；〔《海药本草》记载〕出产于南海各国；〔《别录》记载〕摩伽陀国。
【时节】〔生长〕春季生叶；〔采收〕六月采集果实；〔贮藏〕晒干；〔药用部位〕子。
【质地】类似鼠李。
【颜色】黑色。
【用法】〔《雷公炮炙论》记载〕使用时需拣选干净，在石槽中碾碎成粉使用。
【功效】〔治疗〕〔《日华子》记载〕调理五脏，止住霍乱，缓解心腹冷痛，壮肾气，治疗冷痢；〔《别录》记载〕去除胃口气虚寒冷、宿食不消、冷气上冲以及胃中寒痰，进食后立即呕吐的症状。
【禁忌】多吃损伤肺部。
【解毒】能杀死一切鱼肉、鳖类及菌菇类的毒素。
[Non-toxic, Plant origin]
Tong Ye (Leaves of Firmiana simplex, *Firmianae Folium*) is indicated for malignant erosive sores (ulcerative lesions with destructive properties), especially when located on the yin organs. Tong Pi (Bark of Firmiana simplex, *Firmianae Cortex*) treats five types of hemorrhoids and kills three kinds of intestinal parasites. Tong Hua (Flowers of Firmiana simplex, *Firmianae Flos*) can be applied externally to treat skin diseases in pigs or fed to pigs to triple their body weight. (The content marked in red characters is from *Shennong Bencao Jing* [Divine Farmer's Materia Medica]). Tong Pi treats Ben Tun Qi disease (a condition characterized by a sensation of qi rushing upward from the lower abdomen to the chest and throat). (The content marked in black characters is recorded by famous physicians of later generations.)
[Names] Bai Tong (White Tong), Qing Tong (Green Tong), Gang Tong (Hill Tong), Hua Tong (Flower Tong), Rong Tong (Flourishing Tong), Yi Tong (Chair Tong), Tong Mu (Tong Wood), Huang Tong (Yellow Tong), Wu Tong (Paulownia), Chen, You Tong (Oil Tong).
[Seedlings] [According to *Tu Jing*]: There are three types of Tong trees: Bai Tong blooms yellow-purple flowers in February but does not bear fruit; the seed-like structures appearing in winter are actually the flower buds for the following year. Its wood lacks seeds, is suitable for making qin and se instruments, and is the variety used in medicine for its flowers and leaves. *Erya* calls it "Rong Tong" because it flowers but does not fruit, hence also called "Hua Tong". Another type has green bark and branches with knobby nodes; its seeds attach beside these nodes, known as Wu Tong or Qing Tong. When roasted and eaten, its taste resembles water caltrop and Chinese chestnut. There is also Gang Tong, which grows on high hills, hence the name. Generally, Tong trees prefer damp environments and do not grow on high hills, thus giving rise to the name Gang Tong. The seeds of Gang Tong are large and oily-rich, so it is also called You Tong. Some say that Wu Tong knows the changes of days, months, and leap years; it grows twelve leaves, six on each side, with one leaf at the bottom representing a month. If there is a leap month, it grows thirteen leaves. By observing which leaf is smaller, one can determine the leap month. Thus, it is said that if Wu Tong does not grow, the customs of the Nine Provinces will differ, hence named "Tong", similar to how the Jiao Ming plant opens one flower every fifteen days to indicate the new moon and full moon.
[Origin] [According to *Tu Jing*]: Grows in the valleys of Tongbai Mountain; now found everywhere.
[Seasons] [Growth]: Leaves unfold in spring; [Harvest]: Collected before autumn; [Storage]: Dried in shade; [Medicinal Parts]: Leaves, Bark, Flowers.
[Quality and Usage] Similar to common herbs; crush before use.
[Efficacy] [Treatment] [According to *Tu Jing*]: Ci Tong (Thorny Tong) stops bleeding from metal wounds; Wu Tong Bai Pi (White Bark of Paulownia) treats hemorrhoids. [According to *Yao Xing Lun*]: Bai Tong Pi treats five types of strangury; washing hair with it removes wind-cold from the head and promotes hair growth and nourishment. [According to *Ri Hua Zi*]: Tong You (Tung Oil) applied externally treats malignant sores, scabies, and edema; applying it to rat bite sites helps heal them.
[Non-toxic, Plant origin]
Hu Jiao (Pepper, *Piperis Fructus*) treats deficiency-cold in the lower jiao, warms the middle jiao, dispels phlegm, and eliminates wind-cold in the zang-fu organs. (Recorded by famous physicians of later generations.)
[Name] Mei Lv Zhi.
[Seedlings] Duan Chengshi in *Youyang Zazu* records: It grows in spring and summer; leaves are green, smooth, and lovely. The stems are very soft, with thin strips level with the leaves. Seeds form on these strips like mouse plums, growing in pairs. Leaves open in the morning and close in the evening, wrapping the seeds inside. It resembles Han Jiao (Chinese pepper) but is extremely pungent. It is now commonly used in preparing Hu Pan meat dishes.
[Origin] [According to *Tu Jing*]: Grows in the Western Regions; [According to *Hai Yao Ben Cao*]: Produced in various countries of the South Sea; [According to *Bie Lu*]: Mogatuo Country.
[Seasons] [Growth]: Leaves emerge in spring; [Harvest]: Fruits collected in June; [Storage]: Sun-dried; [Medicinal Part]: Fruit.
[Quality] Resembles mouse plum.
[Color] Black.
[Usage] [According to *Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun*]: Select clean fruits and grind into powder using a stone mortar.
[Efficacy] [Treatment] [According to *Ri Hua Zi*]: Regulates the five zang organs, stops cholera, relieves cold pain in the heart and abdomen, strengthens kidney qi, and treats cold dysentery; [According to *Bie Lu*]: Eliminates coldness due to stomach qi deficiency, indigestion due to retained food, rebellious cold qi, cold-phlegm in the stomach, and immediate vomiting after eating.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption damages the lungs.
[Detoxification] Kills toxins from all fish, meat, turtles, and mushrooms.