无毒附 楂 植生
木瓜实主湿痹邪气霍乱大吐下转筋不止其枝亦可煮用（名医所录）【名】 【苗】（图经
曰）其木状若柰花生于春末而深红色其实大者如瓜小者如拳味酢可食尔雅谓之 宣州人种莳
尤谨遍满山谷始实成则镞纸花薄其上夜露日曝渐而变红花文如生本州以充上贡焉又有一种
楂一名蛮楂木叶花实酷类木瓜陶云欲辨之看蒂间别有重蒂如乳者为木瓜无此者为 楂也木瓜
大枝可作杖策利筋脉又截其木干之作桶以濯足尤益（陶隐居云）彼人以为果最疗转筋如转筋
时
但默呼其名及书木瓜字于患处即愈【地】（图经曰）旧不着所出州土今山阴兰亭尤多处处有
之
（道地）宣城为佳【时】（生）春末开花（采）秋取实【收】曝干【用】实【质】类 楂子
而叶有
别【色】赤黄【味】酸【性】温收【气】气浓于味阳中之阴【臭】香【主】除香港脚去湿痹【行】
手足太阴经【制】（雷公云）凡使勿令犯铁用铜刀削去硬皮并子薄切于日晒却用黄牛乳汁拌
蒸
从巳至未其木瓜如膏煎却于日薄摊晒干用【治】（疗）（图经曰）实侑酒去痰○根及叶煮汤淋
足
胫止蹶（陶隐居云）凡转筋呼木瓜及书二字于患处即愈（日华子云）木瓜止吐泻贲豚及水肿
冷热
痢心腹痛消渴呕逆心膈痰唾○根及实除香港脚○ 楂消痰解酒毒及咽酸浸油梳头治发赤并白
（陈藏器云）木瓜下冷气强筋骨消食止水痢后渴不止○ 楂去恶心止心中酸水水痢止酒痰水
（衍义曰）木瓜入肝故益筋与血病腰肾脚膝无力不可缺【合治】合酒煮木瓜烂研裹膝筋急痛
【禁】 楂不可多食损齿及骨【解】 楂解酒毒【赝】和圆子蔓子土伏子为伪
【主治】木瓜果实主要治疗湿痹、邪气、霍乱引起的剧烈呕吐和腹泻，以及筋脉拘挛抽搐不止。其枝条也可以煮水使用。（出自《名医别录》）
【名称与形态】（《图经本草》记载）木瓜树的形状像柰花，在春末开花，花色深红。果实大的像瓜，小的像拳头，味道酸，可以食用。《尔雅》称其为“宣”。宣州人种植它非常谨慎，遍布山谷。当果实刚形成时，人们用薄纸糊在上面，夜间受露水滋润，白天日晒，逐渐变成红色，花纹如同天然生成。本州将其作为贡品进献。又有一种叫“楂”，又名“蛮楂”，它的叶子、花和果实与木瓜极其相似。陶弘景说：要辨别它们，看果蒂处是否有像乳头一样的双重蒂，有的就是木瓜，没有的就是楂。木瓜的大枝可以做手杖，有利于筋脉；截断树干做成桶用来洗脚，尤其有益。（陶隐居说）当地人把它当作水果，最能治疗转筋。当发生转筋时，只要默念它的名字，或者把“木瓜”二字写在患处，就能痊愈。
【产地】（《图经本草》记载）旧籍未记载其出产州土，现在山阴兰亭特别多，到处都有。（道地药材）宣城产的最好。
【采收时节】（生长）春末开花。（采集）秋季收取果实。（加工）晒干。
【药用部位】果实。
【性状】类似楂子，但叶子不同。
【颜色】赤黄色。
【味道】酸。
【性质】温。
【气味厚薄】气浓于味，属于阳中之阴。
【气味】香。
【归经】手足太阴经。
【炮制】（雷公云）使用时不要让铁器接触，要用铜刀削去硬皮和种子，切成薄片，在阳光下晒。然后用黄牛乳汁拌匀，蒸制，从巳时到未时（约上午9点到下午3点）。待木瓜如膏状时，取出摊开在阳光下晒干备用。
【治疗应用】（《图经本草》记载）果实佐酒饮用，可祛痰。○ 根及叶煮汤淋洗足胫，可止足下垂（蹶）。（陶隐居说）凡是转筋，呼唤木瓜之名及在患处书写这两个字即可痊愈。（日华子说）木瓜能止吐泻、奔豚气及水肿，治疗冷痢、热痢、心腹痛、消渴、呕逆、心膈痰唾。○ 根及果实除香港脚。○ 楂能消痰、解酒毒及咽酸，浸油梳头可治头发发红及白发。（陈藏器说）木瓜下冷气，强筋骨，消食，止水痢后口渴不止。○ 楂去恶心，止心中酸水，治水痢，止酒痰水。（《衍义》说）木瓜入肝，故益筋与血，腰肾脚膝无力的病症不可缺。
【禁忌】楂不可多食，会损伤牙齿及骨骼。
【伪品】和圆子、蔓子、土伏子为伪品。
Cha (Crataegus pinnatifida): Non-toxic. Note: Cha refers to Hawthorn. Growth habit: Plant-based.
[Indications] The fruit of Mu Gua (Chaenomelis Fructus) primarily treats damp-bi (painful obstruction due to dampness), pathogenic factors, Huo Luan (cholera-like syndrome with severe vomiting and diarrhea), and continuous muscle spasms (Zhuan Jin). Its branches can also be boiled for use. (Recorded by Famous Physicians)
[Names and Morphology] (According to *Tu Jing Ben Cao*): The tree resembles Nai Hua (Nashi flower), blooms in late spring with deep red flowers. The fruits are large like melons or small like fists, sour in taste, and edible. *Erya* calls it "Xuan". People in Xuanzhou cultivate it carefully, covering the valleys. When the fruits first form, thin paper is pasted over them; exposed to night dew and day sun, they gradually turn red with patterns resembling natural growth. This region offers them as tribute. Another variety is called "Zha" or "Man Zha"; its leaves, flowers, and fruits closely resemble Mu Gua. Tao Hongjing stated: To distinguish them, check the calyx area for a double calyx like a nipple; if present, it is Mu Gua; if absent, it is Zha. Large branches of Mu Gua can serve as walking sticks, benefiting meridians and vessels; trunks cut into buckets for washing feet are particularly beneficial. (Tao Yinju said) Locals treat it as fruit, most effective for treating spasms. During spasms, silently invoking its name or writing "Mu Gua" on the affected area leads to recovery.
[Origin] (According to *Tu Jing Ben Cao*): Ancient texts did not specify origin provinces; currently, Shanyin Lanting has abundant supplies, found everywhere. (Authentic source) Xuancheng is best.
[Harvesting Time] (Growth): Blooms in late spring. (Collection): Harvest fruits in autumn. (Processing): Sun-dry.
[Medicinal Part] Fruit.
[Characteristics] Similar to Zha seeds, but leaves differ.
[Color] Reddish-yellow.
[Taste] Sour.
[Nature] Warm.
[Aroma and Flavor Thickness] Aroma is stronger than flavor; belongs to Yin within Yang.
[Odor] Fragrant.
[Actions] Removes Hong Kong Foot (podagra/tinea pedis), dispels damp-bi.
[Meridian Tropism] Hand and Foot Taiyin Meridians.
[Preparation] (Lei Gong said): Avoid iron contact; use a copper knife to peel off hard skin and remove seeds. Slice thinly and sun-dry. Then mix with milk from yellow cattle, steam from Si hour to Wei hour (approx. 09:00-15:00). When the fruit becomes paste-like, spread it out and sun-dry thoroughly.
[Therapeutic Applications] (According to *Tu Jing Ben Cao*): Taken with wine, the fruit resolves phlegm. ○ Decoction of roots and leaves washed over lower legs stops foot drop (Jue). (Tao Yinju said) For spasms, calling out "Mu Gua" and writing these two characters on the lesion cures it. (Ri Hua Zi said) Mu Gua stops vomiting/diarrhea, Ben Tun (running piglet qi), edema, cold/heat dysentery, heart/abdominal pain, Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst), regurgitation, and phlegm-saliva in the chest/diaphragm. ○ Roots and fruits treat Hong Kong Foot. ○ Zha resolves phlegm, detoxifies alcohol, relieves sour throat, oil-infused combing treats red hair and white hair. (Chen Cangqi said) Mu Gua descends cold qi, strengthens sinews and bones, aids digestion, stops thirst after dysentery. ○ Zha removes nausea, stops acid water in the heart, treats watery dysentery, stops alcoholic phlegm-water. (*Yan Yi* said) Mu Gua enters the Liver, thus benefiting sinews and blood; indispensable for weakness in waist, kidneys, and knees.
[Combined Treatment] Boil Mu Gua in wine, mash, and apply as a compress to the knee for tendon stiffness and pain.
[Contraindications] Do not consume Zha excessively; it damages teeth and bones.
[Detoxification] Zha detoxifies alcohol.
[Adulterants] He Yuan Zi, Man Zi, Tu Fu Zi are adulterants.