有小毒 卵生
鸳鸯肉主诸 疥癣病以酒浸炙令热敷疮上冷更易(名医所录○谨按格物论云鸳鸯文禽也
类凫毛有文采和鸣多好音雌雄并飞未尝相离人得其一则一相思而死故谓之匹鸟也)【名】匹
鸟邓木鸟(鸯也)【时】〔生〕春夏〔采〕无时【用】肉【质】类凫【色】彩【味】咸【性】
平
和作羹 私与食之立相爱也〔别录云〕邓木鸟治齿痛【合治】肉合清酒炙食之治 疮○鸳鸯
一只煮令极熟细细切合五味醋食之治五痔 疮作羹亦妙【禁】肉多食令人患大风
无毒 卵生
天鹅主补中益气(今补)【地】谨按此种出江淮间水泽处多有之状似家鹅而大嘴黑顶黄
其
颈细长足黑毛白俗谓之金头鹅以大者为上小者次之又有花者亦有不能鸣者飞则翎响其肉微腥
皆不及金头为胜也【时】〔生〕春夏〔采〕无时【用】肉【色】白【味】甘【性】热【气】
气之浓者阳也【臭】腥
无毒 卵生
鸨肉主补益人(今补○谨按埤雅云此鸟似雁而足无后指亦无舌性不木止毛有豹文故名独
豹肉虽粗而味美遇鸷鸟能激粪御之着其毛悉脱其群居如雁自然而有行列诗曰肃肃鸨羽集于苞
桑是也)【时】〔生〕春夏〔采〕无时【用】肉【色】斑【味】甘【性】平【气】气浓于味阳
中
无毒 卵生
主补中益气食之甚有益人○髓味甘美补精髓(今补)【地】谨按此鸟旧本不载今考
其
形似鹤而小灰色赤颊项有白带然有数种有白 黑头 胡 其味皆不同也今处处田泽中
有之【时】〔生〕春夏〔采〕无时【用】肉髓【质】类鹤而小【色】灰褐【味】甘【性】温
缓【气】气之浓者阳也【臭】腥【制】炙食之味尤美
(鸂鶒)有小毒,卵生。
鸂鶒肉主治各种疥癣病,用酒浸泡后烤热敷于疮上,冷了就更换(名医所记录)。【谨按】《格物论》说:鸳鸯是花纹美丽的禽鸟,类似野鸭,羽毛有文采,鸣叫和谐且多好听的声音,雌雄并飞,从未分离,人得到其中一只则另一只相思而死,所以称为匹鸟。【名称】匹鸟、邓木鸟(鸯)。【时节】【生长】春夏,【采集】随时。【药用部位】肉。【质地】类似野鸭。【颜色】彩色。【味道】咸。【性质】平。
和着做羹汤,私下给它吃,立刻就会互相爱护。(《别录》说)邓木鸟治疗牙痛。【配合治疗】肉配合清酒烤熟食用,治疗疮疡。○鸳鸯一只煮至极熟,细细切碎,配合五味醋食用,治疗五种痔疮;做成羹汤也很好。【禁忌】肉多吃让人患大风病(麻风病)。
天鹅无毒,卵生。
天鹅主治补中益气(现今补充记载)。【产地】【谨按】这种鸟出产在江淮间的水泽处,有很多。形状像家鹅但更大,嘴黑头顶黄,脖子细,脚长毛黑,毛白,俗称金头鹅,以大的为上品,小的次之。又有花色的,也有不能鸣叫的,飞起来翅膀响,它的肉微腥,都不如金头鹅好。【时节】【生长】春夏,【采集】随时。【药用部位】肉。【颜色】白。【味道】甘。【性质】热。【气】气浓厚者为阳。【气味】腥。
鸨肉无毒,卵生。
鸨肉主治补益人体(现今补充记载)。【谨按】《埤雅》说:这种鸟类似雁但脚没有后趾,也没有舌头,性不栖木,止息时毛发有豹纹,所以名叫独豹。肉虽然粗糙但味道美,遇到猛禽能激怒排泄粪便来抵御它,沾到它的毛全部脱落。它们群居像雁一样自然而有行列,《诗经》说“肃肃鸨羽,集于苞桑”就是指的这个。【时节】【生长】春夏,【采集】随时。【药用部位】肉。【颜色】斑纹。【味道】甘。【性质】平。【气】气浓味阳中。
鹳无毒,卵生。
主补中益气,食用对人大有益处。○髓味甘美,补精髓(现今补充记载)。【产地】【谨按】此鸟旧本未记载,现在考证其形状像鹤但较小,灰色,红脸颊,项上有白带,然而有好几种,有白头黑头的,有胡颈的,它们的味道都不同。现在到处田泽中都有。【时节】【生长】春夏,【采集】随时。【药用部位】肉、髓。【质地】类似鹤但小。【颜色】灰褐色。【味道】甘。【性质】温缓。【气】气浓厚者为阳。【气味】腥。【炮制】烤熟食用味道尤其美。
(Shichì) has slight toxicity; it is oviparous.
The flesh of Shichì (Chinese Plover) treats various scabies and tinea infections. Soak in wine, roast until hot, apply to the sores, and replace when cold (Recorded by famous physicians). [Note] *Gewulun* states: The Mandarin Duck is a bird with ornate patterns, resembling a duck, with colorful plumage, harmonious and melodious calls. Males and females fly together and never separate; if one is taken, the other dies of lovesickness, hence called "Pair Bird." [Names] Pair Bird, Dengmu Bird (Yang). [Seasons] [Growth] Spring and Summer; [Harvest] Anytime. [Part Used] Flesh. [Texture] Resembles duck. [Color] Colorful. [Taste] Salty. [Nature] Neutral.
When cooked as soup and fed privately, they immediately show mutual affection. (*Bencao Bie Lu* states) Dengmu Bird treats toothache. [Combined Treatment] Roast flesh with clear wine and eat to treat sores. ○ Boil one Mandarin Duck until thoroughly cooked, mince finely, mix with five-flavor vinegar to treat five types of hemorrhoids; making it into soup is also excellent. [Contraindications] Excessive consumption causes大风 (Wind Disease/Leprosy).
Swan is non-toxic; it is oviparous.
Swan treats deficiency of the Middle Jiao and Qi (Supplemented in modern times). [Origin] [Note] This species is found in the water marshes between the Jiang and Huai rivers. It resembles a domestic goose but is larger, with a black beak, yellow crown, slender neck, long legs, black feet, and white feathers. Commonly known as Golden-Headed Goose, with larger specimens being superior and smaller ones inferior. There are also spotted varieties and mute ones; their wings make noise when flying, and the meat is slightly fishy. None surpass the Golden-Headed Goose. [Seasons] [Growth] Spring and Summer; [Harvest] Anytime. [Part Used] Flesh. [Color] White. [Taste] Sweet. [Nature] Hot. [Qi] Dense Qi belongs to Yang. [Odor] Fishy.
Bustard is non-toxic; it is oviparous.
Bustard flesh treats tonification and benefit to the human body (Supplemented in modern times). [Note] *Piya* states: This bird resembles a wild goose but lacks hind toes and a tongue. It does not perch on trees; its resting plumage has leopard spots, hence named Dubao (Solitary Leopard). Although the meat is coarse, it tastes good. When attacked by raptors, it can defecate aggressively to repel them, causing the predator's feathers to fall out. They live in flocks like geese, naturally forming rows. The *Classic of Poetry* says, "Swiftly fluttering bustard wings, gathering on mulberry bushes," referring to this. [Seasons] [Growth] Spring and Summer; [Harvest] Anytime. [Part Used] Flesh. [Color] Spotted. [Taste] Sweet. [Nature] Neutral. [Qi] Dense Qi, Yang within.
Stork is non-toxic; it is oviparous.
It primarily tonifies the Middle Jiao and benefits Qi; consumption is very beneficial to humans. ○ Marrow is sweet and delicious, tonifying essence and marrow (Supplemented in modern times). [Origin] [Note] This bird was not recorded in older texts. Current examination shows it resembles a crane but is smaller, gray with red cheeks and a white band on the neck. There are several varieties, such as those with white heads and black crowns or humped necks, differing in taste. It is now found in fields and marshes everywhere. [Seasons] [Growth] Spring and Summer; [Harvest] Anytime. [Part Used] Flesh, Marrow. [Texture] Resembles crane but smaller. [Color] Gray-brown. [Taste] Sweet. [Nature] Warm and mild. [Qi] Dense Qi belongs to Yang. [Odor] Fishy. [Processing] Roasted for eating, the taste is especially fine.