〔害〕同前。
〔利〕甘辛而温，入肺膀胱，温经通脉，发汗解肌，无汗能发，有汗能止。亦治手足痛
风、
胁风，为手臂之引经，故列于温肝。用桂枝发汗，乃调其营，则卫自和，风邪无容，遂自汗
而解。故用治风寒、咳嗽有奇功，非桂能发汗也。汗多用桂枝者，调和营卫，则邪从汗解，
而汗自止，非若麻黄之开腠理发汗也。肉桂在下，主治下焦，桂心在中，主治中焦，桂枝在
上，主治上焦。
〔修治〕桂之气味最薄者为桂枝，亦称桂木，或密炙用。
〔害〕阳厥似阴，手足虽逆冷，而口多渴喜饮水，大小便闭结，小便或通，亦赤涩短少，
此
火极似水。《内经》谓"诸噤鼓栗，如丧神守，皆属于火"是也。此与桂、附、干姜之类同
禁忌。呕吐咳逆上气，非风寒外邪，及冷痰宿水所致者不宜用。腹痛属血虚有火者不宜用。
小肠疝气，非骤感寒邪，及初发一二次不宜用。霍乱转筋，由于脾胃虚弱，冒暑所致，非寒
湿生冷干犯肠胃者不宜用。一切阴虚之症，及五脏六腑有热无寒之人，法所咸忌。损气动火
，昏目发疮，非寒滞有湿者勿用。即有寒湿者，亦宜酌量少用。
〔利〕辛苦大热，疏肝燥脾，温中下气，除湿解郁，去痰杀虫，逐寒。主厥阴头疼，呕
逆吞
酸，痞满噎膈食积，泻痢血痹，阴疝奔豚 瘕，治阴寒攻心痛，香港脚水肿，所谓冲脉为病，
逆气里急，又为温膀胱之猛将也。恶丹参硝石，畏紫石英。蓼实为使。
〔修治〕九月九日采实，开口陈久者良，阴干须滚汤泡去苦烈汁七次，始可焙用。治疝
盐水
炒，治血醋炒，止呕姜汁炒，疏肝胃黄连木香汁炒。
〔危害〕与上文（桂枝）相同。
〔功效〕味甘甜、辛，性温，归肺经和膀胱经。能温通经脉、疏通血脉，发汗以解除肌表之邪；无汗时能发汗，有汗时能止汗。也用于治疗手足痛风、胁部风邪，是治疗手臂疾病的引经药，因此将其归类于温肝类药物。使用桂枝发汗，是通过调和营气，使卫气自然和谐，风邪无处容身，从而通过出汗而病愈。因此，用桂枝治疗风寒引起的咳嗽有奇效，并非桂枝本身能直接发汗。大汗出时使用桂枝，是因为调和了营卫之气，邪气随汗而解，汗液自然停止，这与麻黄开泄腠理强行发汗不同。肉桂位于下部，主治下焦疾病；桂心位于中部，主治中焦疾病；桂枝位于上部，主治上焦疾病。
〔炮制〕气味最淡薄的桂皮称为桂枝，也称为桂木，有时用蜜炙法处理后使用。
〔危害〕阳厥证表现为类似阴证的假象，虽然手足逆冷，但口中多渴且喜欢饮水，大小便闭结不通，小便即使通畅，也颜色赤红、涩痛且量少，这是火极似水的表现。《黄帝内经》所说“各种口噤、战栗，如同丧失神志守护一样，都归属于火”，指的就是这种情况。此类情况禁忌使用桂枝、附子、干姜等温热药物。呕吐、咳嗽、气逆上冲，如果不是由风寒外邪以及冷痰、停饮所致者，不宜使用。腹痛属于血虚且有内热者不宜使用。小肠疝气，如果不是突然感受寒邪，且在发病初起的一两次发作中，不宜使用。霍乱转筋，如果是由于脾胃虚弱、受暑邪侵袭所致，而不是寒湿生冷侵犯肠胃者，不宜使用。一切阴虚病症，以及五脏六腑有热无寒的人，均依法忌用。桂枝会耗损正气、助长火热，导致视力模糊、引发疮疡，如果不是寒滞湿阻者勿用。即使有寒湿者，也应斟酌剂量少量使用。
〔功效〕味辛苦，性大热。能疏肝燥脾，温中降气，除湿解郁，祛痰杀虫，驱散寒气。主治厥阴经头痛，呕吐逆气、吞酸，痞满、噎膈、食积，泻痢、血痹，阴疝、奔豚、瘕积，治疗阴寒攻心痛，脚气水肿，所谓冲脉为病，气逆里急，它也是温补膀胱的猛将。恶丹参、硝石，畏紫石英。以蓼实为使药。
〔炮制〕九月九日采收果实，开口且陈久者品质优良，阴干后需用滚开水浸泡去除苦烈汁液七次，然后才能焙干使用。治疗疝气用盐水炒，治疗血证用醋炒，止呕用姜汁炒，疏肝胃用黄连木香汁炒。
[Harm] Same as the preceding entry (Guizhi).
[Benefits] Sweet and pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Enters the Lung and Bladder meridians. Warms the meridians and unblocks the vessels; induces sweating to release the muscle layer. It can induce sweating when there is no sweat, and stop sweating when there is sweat. It also treats gout of the hands and feet [Shouzhuo Tongfeng], wind affecting the hypochondrium [Xiefeng]. As a guiding herb for the arms, it is listed under herbs that warm the Liver. Using Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) to induce sweating works by harmonizing Ying (Nutritive Qi), so that Wei (Defensive Qi) becomes harmonious naturally, leaving no room for Wind pathogenic factors, thus resolving through spontaneous sweating. Therefore, it has remarkable efficacy in treating coughs caused by Wind-Cold, not because Cinnamon itself induces sweating directly. When excessive sweating occurs, Guizhi is used to harmonize Ying and Wei, allowing the pathogen to resolve through sweating, after which the sweating stops naturally; this differs from Mahuang (Ephedra) which opens the interstices [Couli] to forcibly induce sweating. Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) acts on the Lower Jiao [Lower Burner]; Guixin (Cinnamon Heart) acts on the Middle Jiao [Middle Burner]; Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) acts on the Upper Jiao [Upper Burner].
[Processing] The part of the cinnamon tree with the thinnest aroma is called Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), also known as Guimu. It may be used after honey-frying.
[Harm] Yang Jue [Yang Collapse/Reversal] presents with symptoms resembling Yin patterns. Although the hands and feet are cold, the mouth is often thirsty and desires drinking water. There is constipation of both stool and urine. Even if urination is patent, it is red, painful, scanty, and short. This is "extreme heat resembling water." As stated in the *Neijing* [Inner Canon]: "All cases of locked jaws, trembling, and shivering, appearing as if losing spiritual control, belong to Fire." Such conditions are contraindicated for use with warming herbs like Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger). Vomiting, coughing, and rebellious Qi ascending should not be treated with this herb unless caused by external Wind-Cold pathogens or cold phlegm and retained fluids. Abdominal pain due to Blood deficiency with internal heat is contraindicated. For Xiao Chang Shan Qi [Small Intestinal Hernia], it is not suitable unless caused by sudden exposure to Cold pathogens and only during the initial one or two episodes. Huoluan Zhuanjin [Cholera with Muscle Cramps] caused by Spleen and Stomach weakness and summer-heat invasion, rather than Cold-Dampness and raw/cold food invading the intestines and stomach, is contraindicated. All Yin deficiency syndromes and individuals with heat but no cold in the Zang-Fu organs are strictly prohibited from using it. It damages Qi and stirs up Fire, causing blurred vision and triggering sores. It should not be used unless there is Cold stagnation with Dampness. Even in cases of Cold-Dampness, the dosage should be carefully reduced and used sparingly.
[Benefits] Pungent and bitter in flavor, extremely hot in nature. Disperses the Liver and dries the Spleen. Warms the Middle and directs Qi downward. Expels Dampness and relieves depression. Removes phlegm and kills parasites. Drives out Cold. Mainly treats Jueyin headaches [Jueyin Tengtong], vomiting with rebellious Qi and acid regurgitation [Ni'ao Tun Suan], fullness and obstruction [Piman Yige], food stagnation [Shiji], dysentery [Xie Li], blood bi [Xue Bi], Yin hernia [Yin Shan], Ben Tun [Running Piglet syndrome], and Jia masses [Abdominal Masses]. Treats Cold attacking the heart causing pain [Gong Xin Tong], Hong Kong Foot [Honggangjiao - likely referring to severe gout or edema of the lower limbs], and edema. It addresses disorders of the Chong Mai [Penetrating Vessel], characterized by rebellious Qi and interior urgency. It is also a fierce general for warming the Bladder. It is incompatible with Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Root) and Xiaoshi (Niter/Sodium Nitrate). It fears Zhi Shiyun (Fluorite). Liaoshí (Polygonum Bistorta Seed) serves as its assistant herb.
[Processing] Harvest the fruits on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Those that are split open and aged are superior. Dry them in the shade. Before roasting, soak them in boiling water seven times to remove the bitter and acrid juices. To treat hernias, stir-fry with salt water. To treat blood disorders, stir-fry with vinegar. To stop vomiting, stir-fry with ginger juice. To soothe the Liver and Stomach, stir-fry with decoctions of Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix).