（见咽喉药）
（见涩大肠）
味甘，性温。 。水飞。
散风热而肿消，祛痰气而翳退。
金银之气所结，为眼科要药。
味辛、酸，无毒。入肝经。
内服∶眼科主风热之疼；外科止金疮之血；内科吐风痰之聚；女科理血气之痛。杀虫有
效，
疳证亦宜。
色青入肝，专主东方之证，然服之损血。
味甘，性平，无毒。入肝、脾、肾三经。其色如酱，其状如虱。九蒸，晒。
养血润肠，燥结焦烦诚易退。补中益气，风淫瘫痪岂难除。坚筋骨，明耳目，轻身不老。
长
肌肤，填脑髓，辟谷延年。
补阴是其本职。又去风者，所谓治风先治血，血行风自灭也。李廷飞云，风病患久服，
步履
端正，语言不謇。神农收为上品。道书载其功能，洵服食之佳品。但令人肠滑，得白术并行
为胜。
胡麻即黑芝麻，除上述者外，又能补肝肾，能润五脏，虚风眩晕，病后虚羸，须发
早白
，产妇乳少，常服之，均有益。
味甘，性微寒，无毒。
熟者利大肠，下胞衣。生者摩疮肿，生秃发。
生者，不宜过食。脾虚作泻者忌之。
北粳凉，南粳温。白粳凉，红粳温。晚稻得金气多，更凉。
得宇宙之冲气，养生人之后天。色白而入肺清热，煮汁则止渴除烦。新米动气，胃强者何碍，
陈廪冲淡，脾虚者宜
餐。
仲景白虎、桃花、竹叶石膏三汤，并用之，以清热补不足也。
（参见咽喉药部分）
（参见涩大肠部分）
味甘，性温。用水飞法处理。能疏散风热使肿胀消退，祛除痰气使眼翳退去。由金银之气凝结而成，是眼科的重要药物。
味辛、酸，无毒。入肝经。内服：眼科主治风热引起的疼痛；外科用于止住金创出血；内科治疗风痰积聚导致的呕吐；妇科调理血气引起的疼痛。杀虫有效，疳证也适宜使用。色青入肝，专门主治东方（肝系）的病症，但服用后会损伤血液。
味甘，性平，无毒。入肝、脾、肾三经。其颜色像酱，形状像虱子。经过九次蒸制，然后晒干。能养血润肠，对于燥结焦烦确实容易消退。补中益气，对于风邪淫溢导致的瘫痪难道难以去除吗？坚固筋骨，明亮耳目，使身体轻盈不老。增长肌肤，填补脑髓，辟谷延年。补阴是它的本职功能。又能祛风，这就是所说的“治风先治血，血行风自灭”。李廷飞说，风病患者长期服用，步履端正，语言不结巴。神农将其收录为上品。道书记载其功效，确实是服食佳品。只是令人肠道滑利，如果与白术同用效果更好。胡麻即黑芝麻，除了上述功效外，还能补肝肾，滋润五脏，对于虚风眩晕、病后虚弱消瘦、须发早白、产妇乳汁少等情况，常服用都有益处。
味甘，性微寒，无毒。熟用的能通利大肠，排出胞衣。生用的能摩擦疮肿，促进头发再生。生用的，不宜过量食用。脾虚泄泻者忌用。
北部的粳米性凉，南部的粳米性温。白色的粳米性凉，红色的粳米性温。晚稻获得的金气较多，更凉。获得宇宙中和之气，滋养人的后天之本。色白入肺清热，煮汁则能止渴除烦。新米动气，胃强者无妨碍，陈粮冲淡，脾虚者适宜食用。张仲景在白虎汤、桃花汤、竹叶石膏汤这三方中，都使用了它，用来清热补不足。
(See section on Throat Medicines)
(See section on Astringing the Large Intestine)
Sweet in taste, warm in nature. Processed by levigation (water flying). It disperses wind-heat and reduces swelling, eliminates phlegm-qi and clears corneal opacity. Formed by the condensation of the qi of gold and silver, it is an essential medicine for ophthalmology.
Pungent and sour in taste, non-toxic. Enters the Liver Meridian. Internal use: In ophthalmology, it primarily treats pain caused by wind-heat; in surgery, it stops bleeding from metal wounds; in internal medicine, it expels accumulations of wind-phlegm causing vomiting; in gynecology, it regulates pain due to blood and qi disorders. It is effective against parasites and is also suitable for infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome). Its green color enters the Liver, specifically treating syndromes of the East (Liver system), but its consumption damages blood.
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver, Spleen, and Kidney meridians. Its color resembles soy sauce, and its shape resembles lice. Steamed nine times and then sun-dried. It nourishes blood and moistens the intestines, making dryness-induced irritability easily subsided. It tonifies the Middle Jiao and boosts Qi, making paralysis caused by excessive wind pathogens easy to eliminate. It strengthens sinews and bones, brightens eyes and ears, lightens the body, and prevents aging. It promotes skin growth and fills the brain marrow, aiding in grain avoidance (Bigu) and longevity. Nourishing Yin is its primary function. It also dispels wind, which aligns with the principle that "to treat wind, first treat the blood; when blood flows, wind extinguishes itself." Li Tingfei stated that patients with wind diseases who take it long-term walk steadily and speak without slurring. Shennong classified it as a superior grade herb. Daoist texts record its functions, confirming it as an excellent substance for ingestion. However, it causes intestinal lubrication; combining it with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) yields better results. Hu Ma refers to black sesame seeds. Besides the aforementioned effects, it can tonify the Liver and Kidneys, moisten the five Zang organs, and is beneficial for dizziness due to deficient wind, debility after illness, premature graying of hair and beard, and insufficient lactation in postpartum women.
Sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Cooked form benefits the Large Intestine and helps expel the placenta. Raw form is used to rub sores and swellings, and promotes hair regrowth. The raw form should not be consumed in excess. It is contraindicated for those with Spleen deficiency leading to diarrhea.
Jing Mi (Rice) from the North is cooling, while that from the South is warming. White Jing Mi is cooling, while red Jing Mi is warming. Late-season rice absorbs more Metal Qi, making it even cooler. It obtains the balanced Qi of the universe, nourishing the acquired foundation of human life. Its white color enters the Lung to clear heat; decocted into juice, it stops thirst and removes irritability. New rice moves Qi, which poses no harm to those with strong Stomachs. Aged grain is mild and bland, suitable for those with Spleen deficiency. Zhang Zhongjing used it in three formulas: Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), Taohua Tang (Peach Blossom Decoction), and Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction), to clear heat and supplement insufficiency.