【气味】
甘平无毒。入足少阴肾经君药。
【主治】
妇人乳痈水肿。散滞气。化热毒。擦牙乌须发。壮筋骨。亦可入阳明太阴经。凡治
乳痈。以忍冬藤同煎汤入酒佐服。服罢欲睡。睡觉微汗。是其效也。
【气味】
咸甘平无毒。
【主治】
伤中疝瘕阴痿。益精生子。女子血闭腰痛。通五淋。利小便水道。乃肝肾命药也。
凡男子身衰精自出。及小便自利者加用之。又小便如稠胶米泔。心神恍惚悴瘦食减。得之女
劳者。以桑螵蛸为君。佐以远志菖蒲人参茯神之属。无不应效。如无桑上者。即用他树所生
。佐以炙桑白皮。亦可行水以接螵归就肾经。
（香者名椿。臭者名樗。椿樗二树形相似。樗木疏。椿木实。凡使椿根不近西头者为
上。采出拌生葱蒸半日。锉细。以袋盛挂屋南畔。阴干用。）
【气味】
苦温无毒。樗根有小毒。
【主治】
椿根白皮性凉而能涩血。凡湿热为病。泻痢浊带精滑梦遗诸证。无不用之。有燥下
湿。及去肺胃陈痰之功。治泄泻有除湿实肠之力。但痢疾滞气未尽者。不可遽用。宜入丸散
。亦可煎服。不见有害。椿皮色赤而香。樗皮色白而臭。椿皮入血分而性涩。樗皮入气分而
性利。不可不辨。其主治之功虽同。而涩利之效则异。凡血分受病不足者宜用椿皮。气分受
病有郁者宜用樗皮。此心得之微也。
【主治】
治疗妇女乳痈（乳房红肿热痛的急性化脓性疾病）和水肿。能疏散郁滞之气，化解热毒。用来擦牙可使须发变黑。能强壮筋骨。也可以入阳明经和太阴经。凡是治疗乳痈，将忍冬藤（金银花藤）一同煎汤，加入酒辅助服用。服完后想睡觉，睡醒后微微出汗，这就是药效的表现。
【气味】
味咸、甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】
治疗因内伤导致的疝气、瘕聚（腹中结块）、阳痿。能补益精气，促进生育。治疗女子经血闭阻、腰痛。通利五种淋证（小便频数短涩、滴沥刺痛等），通畅小便的水道。这是肝肾命门的关键药物。凡是男子身体衰败、精气自出（滑精），以及小便频数清长者，应当加用此药。又有小便像稠胶或米泔水一样浑浊，心神恍惚、憔悴消瘦、食欲减退，且由房劳过度引起的病症，以桑螵蛸为主药，佐以远志、石菖蒲、人参、茯神等药物，没有不奏效的。如果没有生长在桑树上的，就用其他树木上生长的。佐以炙过的桑白皮，也能行水，引导螵蛸归入肾经。
（香气浓郁的名字叫椿树，有臭味的名字叫樗树。椿树和樗树外形相似。樗树的木质疏松，椿树的木质坚实。凡是使用椿根，不以靠近西头部分为上品。采出来后拌入生葱蒸半天，切碎，用袋子装好挂在房屋南面，阴干后使用。）
【气味】
味苦，性温，无毒。樗树的根部有小毒。
【主治】
椿树的白色树皮性凉且具有收敛止血的作用。凡是湿热引起的疾病，如泄泻、痢疾、白带浑浊、遗精、梦遗等各种证候，无不使用它。它有燥湿下行，以及去除肺胃陈旧痰浊的功效。治疗泄泻具有除湿实肠的力量。但是，如果痢疾患者的积滞之气尚未清除，不可立即使用。适宜制成丸剂或散剂，也可以煎服，未见有害处。椿树皮色红且有香味，樗树皮色白且有臭味。椿皮入血分而性质收敛，樗皮入气分而性质通利，不能不加以辨别。它们的主治功效虽然相同，但收敛与通利的效果却不同。凡是血分受病且不足的，适宜用椿皮；气分受病且有郁滞的，适宜用樗皮。这是我心得中的微妙之处。
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian as a sovereign drug (Jun Yao).
[Maintaining Health / Indications]
Treats breast abscess (Ru Yong) and edema in women. Disperses stagnant Qi, resolves heat toxins. Rubbing teeth with it darkens beard and hair. Strengthens sinews and bones. It can also enter the Yangming and Taiyin meridians. In all cases of treating breast abscess, decoct Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis (Rendong Teng) together, add wine to assist administration. After taking it, the patient desires sleep; upon waking, there is slight sweating, which indicates its efficacy.
[Flavor and Nature]
Salty and sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Maintaining Health / Indications]
Treats internal injury-related hernia, mass accumulation (Jia), and impotence. Benefits essence and promotes procreation. Treats amenorrhea and lower back pain in women. Unblocks the five types of strangury (Lin Zheng), facilitates urination via the water passages. It is a key medicine for the Liver, Kidney, and Mingmen. Whenever men suffer from physical decline and spontaneous emission of essence, or frequent and clear urination, this herb should be added. Additionally, for conditions where urine resembles thick glue or rice washings, accompanied by mental restlessness, emaciation, fatigue, and reduced appetite, caused by sexual exhaustion, use Sangpiaoxiao as the sovereign drug, assisted by Yuanzhi, Shichangpu, Renshen, Fushen, etc., without exception of efficacy. If those grown on mulberry trees are unavailable, those from other trees may be used. Assist with roasted Morus Alba Cortex (Sangbaipi) to promote water metabolism and guide the substance into the Kidney meridian.
(The fragrant one is named Chun [Toona], the foul-smelling one is named Chu [Ailanthus]. The two trees look similar. Chu wood is loose, Chun wood is solid. When using Chun root, the part not near the western end is considered superior. After harvesting, mix with raw scallions, steam for half a day, cut finely, place in a bag, hang on the south side of the house, and dry in shade for use.)
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Chu root has slight toxicity.
[Maintaining Health / Indications]
The white bark of Chun tree is cool in nature and possesses astringent properties to stop bleeding. It is used for all conditions caused by damp-heat, such as diarrhea, dysentery, turbid leukorrhea, seminal emission, and nocturnal emission. It has the function of drying dampness and directing it downward, as well as eliminating old phlegm from the Lung and Stomach. In treating diarrhea, it has the power to remove dampness and firm the intestines. However, if the stagnation of Qi in dysentery has not yet been cleared, it should not be used abruptly. It is suitable for pills and powders, or decoction, with no observed harm. Chun bark is red and fragrant; Chu bark is white and foul-smelling. Chun bark enters the Blood level and is astringent; Chu bark enters the Qi level and is draining/unblocking. This distinction must not be overlooked. Although their main indications are similar, their effects of astringency and draining differ. For diseases affecting the Blood level with deficiency, Chun bark is appropriate; for diseases affecting the Qi level with stagnation, Chu bark is appropriate. This is a subtle point derived from personal experience.