味辛。入足太阴厥阴经。功专破血行伤。得川楝子治热厥心痛。得茴香治小儿盘
肠痛。独用力迅。宜兼补气血药。血热气虚者禁。酒炒行血。醋炒止血。生用破血。炒用调
血。
味辛。入手少阴经。功专活血消肿。得去风药治六十二种风。得补益药生新血。作
胭脂活血解毒。痘疔挑破。以油胭脂敷之良。过服血行不止。
味苦。入手足厥阴经。功专通经脉。疗霉毒。得生地乌髭发。得阿胶、侧柏疗妇人
败血。无瘀滞者忌投。一名茹 。一名血见愁。根可染绛。忌铁。
味苦。入手足厥阴经。功专凉血活血。利大小肠。得白术、木香治痘疮血热毒盛便
秘。泻者忌。去头须酒洗。
味酸。入手足厥阴经。功专行血清火。得地龙、僵蚕、全蝎。治大风疠疾。肺痈
有用为君药者。以是花为末。和蜜陀僧唾调敷酒 鼻甚验。孕妇忌之。一名紫葳。鼻闻伤脑
。
味甘温。入足厥阴经。大蓟功专破血。小蓟专于消肿。冷气入阴囊肿满瘀痛。煎
大蓟一服立瘥。崩漏不止。大小蓟根、白茅根酒煎服神效。
味甘苦。入足阳明厥阴经。功专治上下血症。得生地、阿胶治吐血捷效。金疮要药
。又名山漆。
味苦酸微寒。性沉涩。入足厥阴经。功专除血热。治吐衄崩中。肠风血痢。若虚寒
泻痢初起并血虚者均忌。得发良。恶麦冬。炒黑用。
味辛。入足太阴脾经、足厥阴肝经。功效专于破血行瘀。配伍川楝子可治疗热厥心痛。配伍茴香可治疗小儿盘肠痛。药力迅猛，宜兼用补气血的药物。血热且气虚者禁用。酒炒用于行血，醋炒用于止血，生用用于破血，炒用用于调血。
味辛。入手少阴心经。功效专于活血消肿。配伍祛风药可治疗六十二种风病。配伍补益药可促进新血生成。制作成胭脂可用于活血解毒。痘疔挑破后，用油浸的胭脂外敷效果良好。过量服用会导致出血不止。
味苦。入手足厥阴经。功效专于通经脉。治疗梅毒。配伍生地可使头发变黑。配伍阿胶、侧柏可治疗妇人败血证。无瘀滞者忌用。又名茹藘。又名血见愁。根可染绛色。忌铁器。
味苦。入手足厥阴经。功效专于凉血活血。利大小肠。配伍白术、木香可治疗痘疮因血热毒盛导致的便秘。腹泻者忌用。去头须后用酒洗。
味酸。入手足厥阴经。功效专于行血清火。配伍地龙、僵蚕、全蝎。治疗大风疠疾（麻风病）。肺痈有用其作为君药的。将其花研末，与密陀僧、唾液调和敷于酒渣鼻，效果显著。孕妇忌用。又名紫葳。闻其气味伤脑。
味甘温。入足厥阴经。大蓟功效专于破血。小蓟功效专于消肿。冷气侵入阴囊导致肿胀瘀痛，煎服大蓟一剂即可痊愈。崩漏不止，大小蓟根、白茅根酒煎服用神效。
味甘苦。入足阳明胃经、足厥阴肝经。功效专于治疗上下血症。配伍生地、阿胶治疗吐血有捷效。是金疮的要药。又名山漆。
味苦酸微寒。性沉涩。入足厥阴经。功效专于除血热。治疗吐衄崩中、肠风血痢。若虚寒泻痢初起及血虚者均忌用。配伍头发良效。恶麦冬。炒黑使用。
Pungent in flavor. Enters the Foot-Taiyin Splein Meridian and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Its function is specifically to break blood stasis and promote circulation. When combined with Chuanlianzi (Fructus Toosendan), it treats heat-jue heart pain. When combined with Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus), it treats infantile intestinal colic. Its action is swift and forceful; it should be used concurrently with Qi- and Blood-tonifying herbs. It is contraindicated in cases of Blood-heat with Qi-deficiency. Wine-fried for promoting blood circulation; vinegar-fried for stopping bleeding; raw for breaking blood stasis; stir-fried for regulating blood.
Pungent in flavor. Enters the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. Its function is specifically to invigorate blood and reduce swelling. When combined with wind-dispelling herbs, it treats sixty-two types of wind diseases. When combined with tonifying herbs, it generates new blood. Prepared as rouge, it invigorates blood and resolves toxicity. For carbuncles and sores that have been lanced, applying oil-soaked rouge externally is beneficial. Overconsumption leads to unceasing bleeding.
Bitter in flavor. Enters the Hand-Foot Jueyin Meridians. Its function is specifically to unblock meridians and collaterals. It treats syphilis. When combined with Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), it darkens hair. When combined with Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla) and Ce Bai Ye (Biota Tops), it treats postpartum retained lochia (defective blood). It is contraindicated in the absence of blood stasis. Also known as Rulu. Also known as Xuejianchou. The root can dye crimson. Contraindicated with iron.
Bitter in flavor. Enters the Hand-Foot Jueyin Meridians. Its function is specifically to cool blood and invigorate blood, benefiting the Large and Small Intestines. When combined with Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), it treats constipation due to severe blood-heat and toxin in smallpox/variolous eruptions. Contraindicated in diarrhea. Remove the head and roots, wash with wine.
Sour in flavor. Enters the Hand-Foot Jueyin Meridians. Its function is specifically to move blood and clear fire. Combined with Dilong (Pheretima), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), and Quanxie (Scorpio), it treats leprosy (severe wind disease). There are cases where it is used as the Sovereign herb for lung abscess. The flowers are powdered and mixed with Metuo seng (Lithargyri) and saliva for topical application to rhinophyma, which is very effective. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Also known as Ziwei. Inhaling its scent damages the brain.
Sweet and warm in flavor. Enters the Foot-Jueyin Meridian. Daji (Cirsii Japonici Herba) specifically breaks blood stasis. Xiaoji (Cirsii Herba) specifically reduces swelling. For cold qi invading the scrotum causing fullness, distension, and painful stasis, a single decoction of Daji brings immediate recovery. For metrorrhagia and metrostaxis that do not stop, a decoction of the roots of both Daji and Xiaoji with Baimao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma) in wine is miraculous.
Sweet and bitter in flavor. Enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Its function is specifically to treat upper and lower hemorrhagic syndromes. When combined with Shengdi and Ejiao, it has rapid effects on hematemesis. It is an essential herb for traumatic injuries. Also known as Shanqi.
Bitter and sour, slightly cold in flavor. Nature is heavy and astringent. Enters the Foot-Jueyin Meridian. Its function is specifically to eliminate blood-heat. It treats hematemesis, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, and bloody dysentery caused by wind in the intestines. It is contraindicated in early-stage dysentery due to deficiency-cold and in cases of blood deficiency. It works well when combined with human hair. It is antagonistic to Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix). Use charred black.