味甘。入足厥阴经。功专治血症。生破血。熟止血。得五灵脂治心腹诸痛。得青黛
治重舌胀满。以干姜同蒲黄为末。搽舌胀尤效。
味辛平。入足厥阴经。功专破血通经。治症瘕淋结。炙用辛温止血。治肠风脱肛。
俗名万年松。盐水煮半日。井水煮半日焙用。
味辛寒。有小毒。入足厥阴经。功专蚀恶肉。排脓血。杀疥虫。除热痹。破症瘕。
内经云。同乌 鱼骨治妇人血枯。甘草为使。
味辛。入手少阴厥阴经。功专去恶血。破结聚。得明矾治失心癫狂。得甘草、片脑
治痘毒入心经不下行。上为吐衄。及下为尿血。用郁金末、韭汁、姜汁、童便服。痰中带血
加入竹沥。
味苦辛。性寒。入足厥阴经。功专下气破血。得肉桂治寒厥胃痛。产后症瘕。血虚
臂痛者忌。堕胎。川广产者佳。
味苦辛。入足厥阴经。功专破气中之血。得木香疗冷气攻心。得阿魏治小儿盘肠
痛。灰火煨透。乘热捣之。入气分。或醋磨酒磨或熟用入血分。堕胎。虚者忌服。
味苦甘平。入足厥阴太阴经。功专疗症瘕。破血结。得蓬术治浑身燎泡。得大黄
治癖。得丁香治反胃药食不下。堕胎。面裹煨用。按用棱 均须佐以补气健脾之品为要。
味甘气寒。入手少阴足太阴阳明经。功专除热止血。得猪肉治黄汗。得枇杷叶治呕
逆。花治鼻衄。产淋。解酒毒。肺热喘急。茅针酒煮。一根服溃痈疖。
（蒲黄）味甘。入足厥阴肝经。功效专门治疗血症。生用能破血，熟用能止血。与五灵脂配伍可治疗心腹各种疼痛。与青黛配伍可治疗重舌肿胀满闷。将干姜与蒲黄共同研为细末，外搽于舌部治疗舌胀，尤为有效。
（白茅根）味辛、性平。入足厥阴肝经。功效专门破血通经。治疗症瘕（腹部积块）、淋证（小便不利）、结聚。炙用后味辛性温，能止血，治疗肠风便血及脱肛。俗名万年松。需用盐水煮半天，井水煮半天，然后焙干使用。
（海螵蛸/乌贼骨）味辛、性寒。有小毒。入足厥阴肝经。功效专门腐蚀恶肉（坏死的腐肉）。排脓血。杀灭疥虫。清除热痹（因热邪导致的关节痹痛）。破除症瘕。《内经》记载：与乌鱼骨（即本药）同用可治疗妇人血枯病。以甘草为使药。
（郁金）味辛。入手少阴心经和手厥阴心包经。功效专门去除恶血。破除结聚。与明矾配伍可治疗失心癫狂。与甘草、片脑（冰片）配伍可治疗痘毒侵入心经不能下行，向上导致吐血衄血，向下导致尿血的情况。服用时可用郁金末、韭菜汁、姜汁、童便（儿童尿液）送服。若痰中带血，加入竹沥。
（三棱）味苦、辛。性寒。入足厥阴肝经。功效专门下气破血。与肉桂配伍可治疗寒厥胃痛。产后症瘕。血虚臂痛者忌服。堕胎。四川、广东出产的质量较好。
（莪术）味苦、辛。入足厥阴肝经。功效专门破除气分中的血瘀。与木香配伍可治疗冷气攻心。与阿魏配伍可治疗小儿盘肠痛。用灰火煨透，趁热捣碎。入气分，或用醋磨、酒磨，或熟用入血分。堕胎。体虚者忌服。
（蓬术/蓬莪术）味苦、甘、平。入足厥阴肝经和足太阴脾经。功效专门治疗症瘕。破除血结。与蓬术（此处指莪术类）配伍可治疗浑身燎泡。与大黄配伍可治疗癖块（胁下积块）。与丁香配伍可治疗反胃，药物食物无法下咽。堕胎。用面裹住煨熟使用。按：使用三棱、莪术均须佐以补气健脾的药物作为关键。
（白茅根）味甘、气寒。入手少阴心经、足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经。功效专门清除热邪、止血。与猪肉配伍可治疗黄汗。与枇杷叶配伍可治疗呕吐逆气。花可治疗鼻衄。治疗淋证。解酒毒。肺热喘急。茅针（茅草嫩芽）用酒煮，一根服用可溃痈疖。
(Puhuang) Sweet in flavor. Enters the Foot Jueyin (Liver) Meridian. Its function is specifically to treat blood diseases. Raw form breaks blood stasis; cooked form stops bleeding. When combined with Wulingzhi (Trogopteri Dung), it treats various pains of the heart and abdomen. When combined with Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), it treats swollen tongue (Chongshe) and distension/fullness. Mixed with Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) as a powder and applied externally to the tongue, it is particularly effective for treating tongue swelling.
(Baimaogen) Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature. Enters the Foot Jueyin (Liver) Meridian. Its function is specifically to break blood stasis and unblock menstruation. It treats Zhengjia (abdominal masses), Lin syndrome (dysuria), and accumulations. When stir-fried, it becomes pungent and warm, stopping bleeding, and treats Changfeng (blood in stool due to wind-heat) and rectal prolapse. Commonly known as Wanniansong. It should be boiled in salt water for half a day, then in well water for half a day, and finally dried by baking before use.
(Haopiao Xiao / Cuttlefish Bone) Pungent in flavor, cold in nature. Slightly toxic. Enters the Foot Jueyin (Liver) Meridian. Its function is specifically to cauterize foul flesh (necrotic tissue), discharge pus and blood, kill scabies mites, clear heat-bi (painful obstruction due to heat), and break Zhengjia (abdominal masses). The *Neijing* states: when used together with Wu Yu Gu (Cuttlefish Bone), it treats Xueku (Blood Depletion) in women. Gancao (Licorice Root) is used as an envoy herb.
(Yujin) Pungent in flavor. Enters the Hand Shaoyin (Heart) and Hand Jueyin (Pericardium) Meridians. Its function is specifically to remove foul blood and break accumulations. Combined with Mingfan (Alum), it treats Shixin Diankuang (Manic psychosis due to Heart spirit loss). Combined with Gancao (Licorice Root) and Pian Nao (Borneol), it treats Dou Du (Smallpox toxin) invading the Heart Meridian without descending, leading upward to vomiting and epistaxis, or downward to hematuria. It is taken with Yujin powder, Jiuzhi (Leek Juice), Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice), and Tongbian (Child's Urine). If blood is present in phlegm, Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) is added.
(Sanleng) Bitter and pungent in flavor, cold in nature. Enters the Foot Jueyin (Liver) Meridian. Its function is specifically to direct Qi downward and break blood stasis. Combined with Rougui (Cinnamon Bark), it treats Hanjue (Cold Reversal) and stomach pain. Contraindicated for postpartum Zhengjia and arm pain due to Blood deficiency. Causes abortion. Those produced in Sichuan and Guangdong are superior.
(Ezhu) Bitter and pungent in flavor. Enters the Foot Jueyin (Liver) Meridian. Its function is specifically to break blood stasis within the Qi level. Combined with Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), it treats Cold Qi attacking the Heart. Combined with Awèi (Ferula Resin), it treats Pan Chang Tong (Intestinal Colic) in children. Roasted thoroughly in ash fire, pounded while hot. Enters the Qi level; or ground with vinegar or wine, or used cooked to enter the Blood level. Causes abortion. Contraindicated for those with deficiency.
(Pengzhu) Bitter, sweet, and neutral in flavor. Enters the Foot Jueyin (Liver) and Foot Taiyin (Spleen) Meridians. Its function is specifically to treat Zhengjia (abdominal masses) and break blood clots. Combined with Pengzhu (Curcuma Zedoaria), it treats widespread blistering eruptions. Combined with Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), it treats Pi blocks (flank masses). Combined with Dingxiang (Clove), it treats Fanwei (Regurgitation) where medicine and food cannot pass down. Causes abortion. Wrapped in dough and roasted before use. Note: When using Sanleng and Ezhu, it is essential to supplement with herbs that tonify Qi and strengthen the Spleen.
(Baimaogen - continued/alternative entry) Sweet in flavor, cold in qi/nature. Enters the Hand Shaoyin (Heart), Foot Taiyin (Spleen), and Foot Yangming (Stomach) Meridians. Its function is specifically to clear heat and stop bleeding. Combined with Zhu Rou (Pork Meat), it treats Huanghan (Yellow Sweat). Combined with Pipaye (Loquat Leaf), it treats Ni (Vomiting/Reflux). The flowers treat Bi Nu (Epistaxis). It treats Lin syndrome. Detoxifies alcohol. Treats Lung Heat with wheezing and urgency. Mao Zhen (Young Shoot of Imperata Cylindrica) boiled in wine, one stalk consumed, can disperse abscesses and boils.