味甘辛。入手足太阴阳明经。功专化水谷。运积滞。得麦芽杏仁。治胃虚不克。得
苍术能壮脾进饮食。得茱萸治暴泄不止。得木香消糕粽积。脾阴虚。胃火盛。及有孕者忌服
。
味咸冷利。入手足太阴阳明少阴经。功专杀百药及热汤火毒。并一切鱼肉菜蔬蕈毒。
入药当用豆酱。陈者佳。
味酸苦温。入足厥阴经。功专散瘀。治产后血逆。得 芍桂枝。治黄汗。得麻黄清酒
治黄胆。得木香治心痛。得黄柏治口疮。调荔枝核末涂瘰 结核。杀鱼肉毒。多食损筋骨。
米醋良。一名苦酒。衣沾药汁。以醋洗之即去。
味甘苦淡。入手足太阴阳明厥阴经。功专升散。和药煎服。用为向导。可以通行一身
之表。引药至极高之分。热饮伤肺。温饮和中。少饮和血。行气壮神御寒。辟邪逐秽。暖水
脏。行药力。过饮伤神耗血。损胃烁精。动火生痰。发怒助欲。及生湿热诸症。烧酒之损人
尤烈。醇而无灰陈久者佳。畏绿豆粉枳 子葛花咸卤。
味辛平有毒。入手少阴太阴足厥阴经。功专镇心肝。安魂魄。专治惊痫风热肝胆之病
。磨细屑挑开疔头抹入。能拔疔根。丸散用箔为衣。煎剂加入药煮。畏锡水银。五金遇水银
皆碎。其相畏如此。银功用略同。食物有毒。以银箸插入即变黑色。
味甘、辛。归入手足太阴、阳明经。功效专于消化水谷，运化积滞。配伍麦芽、杏仁，可治疗胃气虚弱不能受纳；配伍苍术，能健脾增进饮食；配伍吴茱萸，可治疗突发泄泻不止；配伍木香，可消除因食用糕粽引起的积滞。脾阴虚、胃火旺盛者及孕妇忌服。
味甘、温。入营分而破血。燥湿醒胃，消食化积。忌与神曲同用。陈久的药材为佳。
味咸、冷、利。归入手足太阴、阳明、少阴经。功效专于解除各种药物及热汤火烧之毒，以及一切鱼肉、蔬菜、菌类中毒。入药时应使用豆酱，陈久的为佳。
味酸、苦、温。归入足厥阴经。功效专于消散瘀血，治疗产后血逆。配伍芍药、桂枝，可治疗黄汗症；配伍麻黄、清酒，可治疗黄疸；配伍木香，可治疗心痛；配伍黄柏，可治疗口疮。调敷荔枝核粉末外涂，可治疗瘰疬结核。能杀鱼肉毒。多食会损伤筋骨。米醋效果良好。又名苦酒。衣物沾染药汁，用醋清洗即可去除。
味甘、苦、淡。归入手足太阴、阳明、厥阴经。功效专于升散，调和药物煎服，作为向导，可以通行全身体表，引导药力到达身体最高部位。热饮伤肺，温饮和中焦，少量饮用和血行气、壮神御寒、辟邪逐秽、温暖水脏、增强药效。过量饮用会损伤精神、耗损血液、损害胃腑、灼伤精气、引发火热、产生痰湿、诱发愤怒、助长性欲，以及产生湿热等各种病症。烧酒对人的损害尤为剧烈。醇厚无灰且陈久者佳。畏绿豆粉、枳椇子、葛花、咸卤。
味辛、平，有毒。归入手少阴、太阴及足厥阴经。功效专于镇安心肝，安定魂魄。专门治疗惊痫、风热及肝胆疾病。磨成细屑挑开疔疮头部抹入，能拔出疔根。丸散剂以金箔为衣，煎剂加入药中同煮。畏锡、水银。五金遇到水银都会碎裂，其相畏关系如此。银的功效大致相同。食物若有毒，用银筷插入即变黑色。
Sweet and pungent. Enters the Taiyin and Yangming meridians of the hand and foot. Its function is specialized in transforming food and drink, and moving stagnation. Combined with Maiya (Malt) and Xingren (Apricot Seed), it treats stomach deficiency unable to receive; combined with Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), it strengthens the spleen and promotes appetite; combined with Zhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), it treats sudden persistent diarrhea; combined with Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), it eliminates accumulation from cakes and zongzi. Contraindicated in cases of Spleen Yin deficiency, excess Stomach fire, and during pregnancy.
Sweet and warm. Enters the Ying (Nutrient) level to break blood stasis. Dries the stomach and aids digestion. Contraindicated to be used together with Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata). Aged material is superior.
Salty, cold, and purgative. Enters the Taiyin, Yangming, and Shaoyin meridians of the hand and foot. Its function is specialized in neutralizing various drugs and heat/fire toxins, as well as all toxicities from fish, meat, vegetables, and mushrooms. When used in medicine, fermented soybean paste should be used; aged material is better.
Sour, bitter, and warm. Enters the Jueyin meridian of the foot. Its function is specialized in dispersing blood stasis and treating postpartum blood rebellion. Combined with Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), it treats Huanghan (Yellow Sweat); combined with Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and clear wine, it treats Huangdan (Jaundice); combined with Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), it treats heart pain; combined with Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), it treats mouth ulcers. Applied externally as a powder mixed with Litchi He (Litchi Seed) for scrofula and tubercles. It kills fish and meat toxins. Excessive consumption damages sinews and bones. Rice vinegar is effective. Also known as Kujiu (Bitter Wine). If clothing is stained with medicinal juice, washing with vinegar removes it.
Sweet, bitter, and bland. Enters the Taiyin, Yangming, and Jueyin meridians of the hand and foot. Its function is specialized in ascending and dispersing. Used as a guide when decocting medicines, it can circulate through the exterior of the whole body and guide medicinal properties to the highest parts. Hot drinks damage the Lung; warm drinks harmonize the Middle Jiao; small amounts harmonize blood, move Qi, strengthen spirit, resist cold, dispel evil, remove filth, warm the Water Zang organ, and promote drug efficacy. Overconsumption damages spirit, depletes blood, harms the stomach, scorches essence, moves fire, generates phlegm, induces anger, assists lust, and causes damp-heat syndromes. The harm of distilled liquor (Shaojiu) to humans is even more severe. Pure, ash-free, and aged material is best. It fears Lvdou Fen (Mung Bean Powder), Zhizi (Ardisiae Fructus/Calamus? Note: Text says 枳 子, likely Zhizi or Zhi Shi derivative, but standard fear list often includes Ge Hua. Context implies specific antidotes), Gexia (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), and salty brine.
Pungent and flat, toxic. Enters the Shaoyin and Taiyin meridians of the hand and the Jueyin meridian of the foot. Its function is specialized in calming the Heart and Liver, and anchoring the Hun and Po. It specifically treats Jingxian (Convulsions/Epilepsy), wind-heat, and diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder. Ground into fine powder and applied after opening a Ding (carbuncle/furuncle) head, it can extract the root. For pills and powders, gold foil is used as coating; for decoctions, it is added to the herbs for boiling. It fears Tin and Mercury. All metals shatter when encountering mercury; their mutual aversion is thus. Silver has similar functions. If food is toxic, inserting silver chopsticks will turn them black.