甘蔗，味甘，气平，无毒。入脾、肺、大小肠。绞汁入药，养脾和中，解酒毒，止渴，
利大
小肠，益气，驱天行热，定狂。
砂糖，杀疳虫，润肺，除寒热，凉心。多食伤齿。二味糖，不可入诸药中。唯蔗可用者，
取
其生气以止热，自易生津耳。
蔗浆，止渴，亦权宜之法，多饮又不相宜，恐过多生痰耳。
甘蔗，世人皆以为性热，不敢多食。不知甘蔗甘平而兼微寒，能泻火热，润燥之妙品也。
覆盆子，味甘，气平、微热，无毒。入五脏命门。拯 益气，温中补虚，续绝，安和五
脏，
悦泽肌肤，疗中风发热成惊。治肾伤精竭流滑，明目黑须，耐老轻身。男子久服轻身，女人
多服结孕，益人不浅，而医家只入于丸散之中，而不用于汤剂之内。谁知覆盆子用之汤剂，
更效应如响，其功不亚于肉桂。且肉桂过热，而覆盆子微热，既无阳旺之虞，且有阴衰之益
。虽不可全倚之为君，而实可大用之为臣，不可视为佐使之具也。
或疑覆盆子一味为末，酒送亦能兴阳，非君药乎？曰∶单味服之，终觉效轻。只可与阳
微衰
者，为助阳之汤，而不可与阳大衰者，为起阳之剂，盖覆盆子必佐参、 ，而效乃大，必增
以桂、附，而效乃弘，实可臣而不可君之品也。
或疑覆盆子亦可为君，而子必以为臣，然吾见古人有配二、三味而成功者，亦独何欤？
曰∶
覆盆子遇补气之药，不可与人参争雄；遇补血之药，不可与当归争长；遇补精之药，不可与
熟地争驱；遇补脾之药，不可与白术争胜。殆北面之贤臣，非南面之英主也。故辅佐赞襄，
必能奏最以垂勋，而不能独立建绩矣。
或疑覆盆子兴阳实有功，而吾子必贬之为臣使之药，意谓必与人参同用为佳，然天下之
人安
得尽用人参也？曰∶覆盆子何必尽用人参，归、熟、 、术，何者不可并用乎。
甘蔗，味道甘甜，气性平和，没有毒性。进入脾、肺、大肠和小肠经。榨汁入药，能滋养脾胃、调和中焦，解除酒毒，止住口渴，通利大小肠，补益元气，驱除时行热邪，安定神志以制止狂躁。
砂糖，能杀灭疳虫，滋润肺部，消除寒热症状，清凉心火。多吃会损伤牙齿。这两种糖，不可加入各种药物中使用。只有甘蔗汁可以使用，是取它产生生气以清除热邪，自然容易生成津液罢了。
蔗浆（甘蔗汁），能止渴，但也只是权宜之计，多喝又不合适，恐怕过多饮用会产生痰湿罢了。
世人普遍认为甘蔗性热，不敢多吃。却不知道甘蔗味甘性平而兼有微寒，是能够泻除火热、润燥的妙品。
覆盆子，味道甘甜，气性平和且微热，没有毒性。进入五脏和命门。能拯救并补益元气，温中补虚，接续绝损，安宁调和五脏，使肌肤光泽润泽，治疗中风发热引起的惊悸。治疗肾伤导致精竭滑泄，明目黑发，延缓衰老、轻便身体。男子长期服用可轻便身体，女子多服可促进受孕，对人益处很大，但医家只将其用于丸散剂型中，而不用于汤剂中。谁知道覆盆子用于汤剂中，疗效更如回声般迅速响应，其功效不亚于肉桂。况且肉桂过于温热，而覆盆子仅微热，既没有阳气过旺的担忧，又有补益阴衰的好处。虽然不能完全倚仗它作为君药，但实际上可以大用为臣药，不能把它看作佐使药那样的辅助角色。
有人怀疑单味覆盆子研末，用酒送服也能兴阳，难道不是君药吗？回答说：单味服用，终究觉得效力轻微。只能与阳气微弱衰退的人配合，作为助阳的汤剂，而不能与阳气极度衰竭的人配合，作为起阳的药剂。因为覆盆子必须配伍人参、[此处原文缺字，推测为黄芪或类似补气药]，疗效才显著；必须增加肉桂、附子，疗效才宏大，确实是可做臣药而不可做君药的品种。
有人怀疑覆盆子也可以作为君药，但你一定认为它是臣药，然而我看到古人有配伍二、三味药就成功的案例，这又是为什么呢？回答说：覆盆子遇到补气药，不能与人参争强；遇到补血药，不能与当归争胜；遇到补精药，不能与熟地黄争功；遇到补脾药，不能与白术争高下。它大概是像北面称臣的贤臣，而不是南面称君的英主。所以辅佐襄助，一定能取得最高成绩留下功勋，但不能独立建立功绩。
有人怀疑覆盆子兴阳确实有功，但你一定贬低它为臣使药，意思是必须与人参同用才好，然而天下的人怎么能都用得起人参呢？回答说：覆盆子何必一定要用人参，当归、熟地黄、[此处原文缺字]、白术，哪一样不可以同时使用呢。
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) has a sweet taste and a neutral qi nature, with no toxicity. It enters the Spleen, Lung, Large Intestine, and Small Intestine meridians. Extracted juice used in medicine nourishes the Spleen and harmonizes the Middle Jiao, resolves alcohol toxicity, relieves thirst, promotes urination through the Large and Small Intestines, supplements Qi, expels epidemic heat pathogens, and calms mania.
Refined sugar (Bing Tang), kills pinworms (Ganchong), moistens the Lungs, eliminates alternating chills and fever, and cools the Heart. Excessive consumption damages teeth. These two types of sugar should not be added to various herbal formulas. Only sugarcane juice is usable, taking advantage of its ability to generate vital energy to clear heat and naturally produce body fluids.
Sugarcane syrup (Zhe Jiang), relieves thirst, but this is only a temporary measure; drinking too much is inappropriate as it may generate phlegm-dampness.
People generally believe sugarcane has a hot nature and dare not eat it in large quantities. They do not know that sugarcane is sweet and neutral with slight cold properties, making it an excellent product for draining fire-heat and moistening dryness.
Rubus chingii (Fupenzi) has a sweet taste and a neutral to slightly warm qi nature, with no toxicity. It enters the Five Zang organs and the Mingmen (Gate of Life). It rescues and supplements Qi, warms the Middle and tonifies deficiency, restores severed connections, harmonizes the Five Zang organs, enhances skin luster, treats convulsions resulting from wind-stroke with fever, and manages kidney injury leading to essence depletion and seminal emission. It brightens vision, darkens beard hair, delays aging, and lightens the body. Men who take it long-term find their bodies lighter; women who take it frequently can conceive pregnancy. Its benefits are profound, yet physicians only include it in pills and powders, not in decoctions. Who would know that when used in decoctions, Fupenzi yields effects as immediate as an echo, with efficacy comparable to Cinnamon Twig (Rougui). Moreover, while Cinnamon Twig is excessively hot, Fupenzi is only slightly warm, posing no risk of excessive Yang flourishing while benefiting Yin deficiency. Although it cannot fully rely on being the Sovereign herb, it is truly suitable for major use as a Minister herb, and should not be viewed merely as an Assistant or Guide herb.
Some doubt that Fupenzi alone, powdered and taken with wine, can stimulate Yang, asking if it is not a Sovereign herb? The answer is: taken singly, the effect is ultimately mild. It can only assist those with weak and declining Yang as a Yang-assisting decoction, but cannot serve as a Yang-restoring agent for those with severe Yang collapse. This is because Fupenzi must be assisted by Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) and [missing character, likely Astragali Radix/Huangqi] for significant effect, and must be augmented by Cinnamon Bark (Guizhi) and Aconite Root (Fuzi) for expansive effect. It is indeed a substance fit to be a Minister but not a Sovereign.
Some doubt that Fupenzi could also be a Sovereign herb, yet you insist it is a Minister. However, I have seen ancients succeed with combinations of two or three herbs; why is this so? The answer is: When encountering Qi-tonifying herbs, Fupenzi cannot compete with Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen); when encountering Blood-tonifying herbs, it cannot compete with Angelica Sinensis Radix (Danggui); when encountering Essence-tonifying herbs, it cannot compete with Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang); when encountering Spleen-tonifying herbs, it cannot compete with Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu). It is akin to a virtuous minister who bows north, not a heroic sovereign who faces south. Thus, in assisting and supporting, it can achieve top results and leave merit, but cannot independently establish great feats.
Some doubt that although Fupenzi contributes to stimulating Yang, you must downgrade it to a Minister/Guide herb, implying it is best used with Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen). Yet how can everyone in the world afford Ginseng? The answer is: Why must Fupenzi always be used with Ginseng? Angelica Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shudihuang), [missing character], and Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu)—which of these cannot be used concurrently?