白芥子,味辛,气温,无毒。入肝、脾、肺、胃、心与胞络之经。能去冷气,安五脏,
逐膜
膈之痰,辟鬼祟之气,消癖化疟,降息定喘,利窍明目,逐瘀止疼,俱能奏效。能消能降,
能补能升,助诸补药,尤善收功。近人不知用白芥以化痰,而频用半夏、南星以耗气,所不
解也。
白芥子善化痰涎,皮里膜外之痰无不消去,实胜于半夏、南星。半夏性燥而烁阴,南星
味重
而损胃。独白芥子消化痰涎,又不耗损肺、胃、肝、心之气,入于气分而实宜,即用于血分
而亦当者也。
或疑白芥子止能消膜膈之痰,而不能消胃肺之痰,似乎消肺之痰必须贝母,消胃之痰必
须半
夏也。而谁知不然。夫膜膈之痰,统胃、肺而言之也。胃、肺中之膜膈,尤善藏痰者也。白
芥子消膜膈之痰,是有痰之处无不尽消,况且肺、胃浅近之间,岂有反不能消之理。试看疟
疾,正痰藏于膜膈之中也。用白芥子一两,炒为末,米饮为丸,一日服尽,而久疟顿止,非
消痰之明验乎,疟止之后,神气不倦,非消痰而不耗气之明验乎。故白芥子消痰,实胜于贝
母、半夏,谁谓肺、胃之痰不能消也。
或谓白芥子虽消膜膈之痰,未必气之不耗,天下安有消痰之药而不耗气者乎?曰∶白芥
子实
不耗气,能安五脏。耗气则五脏不安矣,岂有五脏安而耗气者乎。其余消痰之药,或安肺而
不安胃,或安胃而不安肺,总不如白芥子之能安五脏也。此所以实胜于各消痰之药耳。
或疑白芥子消痰而不耗气,然用之而痰仍未消,是消膜膈之痰,未可全信也。曰∶白芥
子只
可消膜膈之痰,而肾中之痰,不能消也。服白芥子而仍有痰者,宜补其肾,肾足而痰自化,
何疑白芥子非消膜膈之痰乎。
或疑白芥子消阴分之痰,不消阳分之痰,然乎?曰∶非也。芥子阴分、阳分之痰,无不
尽消
,不必分阴阳也。但肾经水泛火沸之痰不能化,余则尽消而无疑矣。
或问白芥子即芥菜之子,人食芥菜,觉消食之甚多,是白芥子大能消食,似未可多食也。
谁
知芥菜消食,而芥子消痰,各不相同,不可疑其菜,而戒其子也。
或疑白芥子消膜膈之痰而不耗气,发明几无遗议,但不知膜膈之痰在于何处?曰∶在胃
脘之
上下之中,而不在胃脘上下之外。虽痰分五脏六腑,要皆存于胃脘膜膈之中。白芥子善消膜
膈之痰,亦于胃脘中消之,岂各入五脏六腑而后消之乎。
白芥子,味辛,性温,无毒。归入肝、脾、肺、胃、心及胞络(子宫及附属组织)的经络。能够驱除体内的冷气,安定五脏,驱逐胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,辟除鬼祟邪气,消除积块并治疗疟疾,降低肺气以平定喘息,通利孔窍以明目,祛除瘀血以止痛,这些功效都能显著奏效。它既能消散又能降逆,既能补益又能升提,辅助各种补药使用时,尤其善于取得疗效。近代人不懂得使用白芥子来化痰,却频繁使用半夏和天南星,导致耗伤正气,这是令人不解的。
白芥子擅长化解痰涎,位于皮肤之下、筋膜之外的痰饮没有不能消除的,实际上其效果胜过半夏和天南星。半夏性质燥烈而灼伤阴液,天南星味道厚重而损伤胃气。唯独白芥子消化痰涎,却不耗损肺、胃、肝、心的正气,用于气分证候是适宜的,即用于血分证候也是恰当的。
有人怀疑白芥子只能消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,而不能消除胃和肺中的痰饮,似乎消除肺部的痰饮必须用贝母,消除胃部的痰饮必须用半夏。然而谁知道并非如此。所谓胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,是统括胃和肺而言的。胃和肺之中的膜原结构,尤其容易藏匿痰饮。白芥子能消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,意味着有痰的地方没有不彻底消除的,况且肺和胃的位置表浅,难道反而不能消除吗?试看疟疾,正是痰饮藏匿于胸膈膜原之中。使用白芥子一两,炒后研为粉末,用米汤送服制成丸药,一天内服完,久患的疟疾立刻停止,这难道不是消除痰饮的明显证据吗?疟疾停止后,精神体力不疲倦,这难道不是消除痰饮而不耗伤正气的明显证据吗?因此,白芥子消除痰饮的效果,确实胜过贝母和半夏,谁说肺和胃的痰饮不能消除呢?
有人说白芥子虽然能消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,未必就不耗伤正气,天下哪有消除痰饮的药物而不耗伤正气的呢?回答说:白芥子确实不耗伤正气,能够安定五脏。如果耗伤正气,那么五脏就不会安定了,难道会有五脏安定却耗伤正气的情况吗?其余消除痰饮的药物,有的安定肺但不安定胃,有的安定胃但不安定肺,总不如白芥子能够安定五脏。这就是它确实胜过其他所有消除痰饮药物的原因。
有人怀疑白芥子消除痰饮而不耗伤正气,但是使用后痰饮仍未消除,这说明消除胸膈膜原之间痰饮的说法不可全信。回答说:白芥子只可消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,而不能消除肾脏中的痰饮。服用白芥子后仍有痰饮的,应当补肾,肾气充足则痰饮自然化解,何必怀疑白芥子不能消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮呢?
有人怀疑白芥子消除阴分的痰饮,不消除阳分的痰饮,是这样吗?回答说:不对。芥子对于阴分和阳分的痰饮,没有不能全部消除的,不必区分阴阳。只是肾经中因水泛火沸产生的痰饮无法化解,其余的痰饮都可以消除无疑了。
有人问白芥子就是芥菜的种子,人们食用芥菜时,感觉它能极大地帮助消化食物,那么白芥子应该也能大量消食,似乎不应该多吃。然而谁知道芥菜能消食,而芥子能消痰,两者各不相同,不要因为它是蔬菜就戒避它的种子。
有人怀疑白芥子消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮而不耗伤正气,这方面的论述几乎没有什么遗漏的议论,但不知道胸膈膜原之间的痰饮究竟位于何处?回答说:位于胃脘部位的上下中间,而不是在胃脘上下的外部。虽然痰饮分布于五脏六腑,但都要存留于胃脘膜原之中。白芥子善于消除胸膈膜原之间的痰饮,也是在胃脘中消除的,难道是要分别进入五脏六腑之后才能消除吗?
Baijiezi (White Mustard Seed), with a pungent flavor and warm nature, is non-toxic. It enters the meridians of the Liver, Spleen, Lung, Stomach, Heart, and Bao Luo (uterus and its appendages). It can expel cold qi from the interior, stabilize the Five Viscera, drive out phlegm located in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces, ward off evil influences, resolve masses, treat malaria, descend lung Qi to calm wheezing, unblock orifices to improve vision, remove blood stasis to alleviate pain, and all these effects can be achieved effectively. It possesses the abilities to dissipate and descend, to tonify and ascend; when assisting various tonifying formulas, it is particularly effective in achieving results. Modern practitioners do not understand how to use Baijiezi to transform phlegm, instead frequently using Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) and Nanxing (Arisaema Rhizoma) which consume healthy Qi, which is incomprehensible.
Baijiezi excels at transforming saliva and phlegm; there is no phlegm in the subcutaneous tissues and intermuscular membranes that it cannot eliminate, truly surpassing Banxia and Nanxing. Banxia has a drying nature that scorches Yin fluids, while Nanxing has a heavy taste that damages the Stomach Qi. Only Baijiezi digests saliva and phlegm without consuming the healthy Qi of the Lungs, Stomach, Liver, and Heart. It is suitable for use in Qi-level disorders, and even appropriate for use in Blood-level disorders.
Some doubt that Baijiezi can only eliminate phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces, but cannot eliminate phlegm in the Stomach and Lungs. It seems that eliminating phlegm in the Lungs requires Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb), and eliminating phlegm in the Stomach requires Banxia. However, who would know this is incorrect? The phrase "phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces" refers collectively to the Stomach and Lungs. The membranous structures within the Stomach and Lungs are especially prone to harboring phlegm. Since Baijiezi eliminates phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces, it means that wherever there is phlegm, it is thoroughly eliminated. Moreover, since the Lungs and Stomach are relatively superficial, how could they possibly be unable to be treated? Consider malaria: the pathogenic factor is precisely phlegm hidden within the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces. Using one liang (approx. 30-50g depending on era) of Baijiezi, stir-fried and ground into powder, formed into pills with rice water, and taken entirely in one day, long-standing malaria stops abruptly. Is this not clear evidence of phlegm elimination? After the malaria stops, the spirit and energy remain vigorous, is this not clear evidence of phlegm elimination without consuming healthy Qi? Therefore, Baijiezi's ability to eliminate phlegm truly surpasses Beimu and Banxia. Who says phlegm in the Lungs and Stomach cannot be eliminated?
Some argue that although Baijiezi eliminates phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces, it may still consume healthy Qi. How can there be any herb that eliminates phlegm without consuming healthy Qi? The answer is: Baijiezi truly does not consume healthy Qi and can stabilize the Five Viscera. If it consumed healthy Qi, the Five Viscera would not be stabilized. Could there be a situation where the Five Viscera are stable yet healthy Qi is consumed? Other phlegm-transforming herbs either stabilize the Lungs but not the Stomach, or stabilize the Stomach but not the Lungs. None compare to Baijiezi's ability to stabilize the Five Viscera. This is why it truly surpasses all other phlegm-transforming herbs.
Some doubt that Baijiezi eliminates phlegm without consuming healthy Qi, yet after usage, the phlegm remains unresolved, suggesting that the claim about eliminating phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces is not fully trustworthy. The response is: Baijiezi can only eliminate phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces, but cannot eliminate phlegm in the Kidneys. If phlegm persists after taking Baijiezi, one should tonify the Kidneys. When Kidney essence is sufficient, phlegm will naturally transform. Why doubt Baijiezi's efficacy in eliminating phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces?
Some suspect that Baijiezi eliminates phlegm in the Yin aspect but not in the Yang aspect. Is this true? The answer is: No. Baijiezi eliminates phlegm in both the Yin and Yang aspects without exception; there is no need to distinguish between Yin and Yang. However, it cannot resolve phlegm caused by water flooding and fire boiling in the Kidney meridian. All other types of phlegm can be eliminated without doubt.
Someone asks: Baijiezi is the seed of the mustard plant. People feel that eating mustard plants greatly aids digestion, so Baijiezi should also greatly aid digestion, implying it should not be consumed in large quantities. However, who knows that while the mustard plant aids digestion, the mustard seed transforms phlegm; they are different. One should not avoid the seed because it comes from a vegetable.
Some doubt that Baijiezi eliminates phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces without consuming healthy Qi, noting that few arguments remain unaddressed regarding this. But they do not know where exactly this phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces is located. The answer is: It is located in the middle region above and below the epigastrium (Wei Wan), not outside the upper and lower boundaries of the epigastrium. Although phlegm is distributed among the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, it essentially resides within the membranous structures of the epigastrium. Baijiezi excels at eliminating phlegm in the diaphragmatic membrane and intercostal spaces by acting within the epigastrium. Does it need to enter each of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs individually before eliminating phlegm?