血寒自当用温。血热自当用凉。若使血寒不温。则血益寒而不流矣。血热不凉。则血益
结而
不散矣。故温血即为通滞活瘀之谓。而凉血亦为通滞活瘀之谓也。第书所载凉血药味甚多。
然不辨晰明确。则用多不合。如血闭经阻。治不外乎红花。毒闭不解。治不外乎紫草。此定
法也。然有心胃热极。症见吐血。则又不得不用犀角。心脾热极。症见喉痹。不得不用射干
。肝胃热极。症见呕吐血逆。不得不用茅根。肠胃热极。症见便血。不得不用槐角地榆。心
经热极。症见惊惕。不得不用辰砂。且痈肿伤骨。血瘀热聚。无名异宜矣。毒盛痘闭。干红
晦滞。猪尾血宜矣。目盲翳障。血积上攻。夜明沙谷精草青鱼胆宜矣。瘀血内滞。关窍不开
。发余宜矣。肝木失制。呕血过多。侧柏叶宜矣。火伏血中。肺痈失理。凌霄花宜矣。肝胃
血燥。乳痈淋闭。蒲公英宜矣。至于肠红脱肛。血出不止。则有炒卷柏可治。血瘕疝痹。经
闭目赤。则有赤芍药可治。诸血通见。上溢不下。则有生地黄可治。心肾火炽。血随火逆。
则有童便可治。肝肾火起。骨蒸血结。则有童便可治。其他崩带惊痫。噎膈气逆之有赖于代
赭石。湿热下注。肠胃痔漏之有赖于刺 皮。血瘀淋滴。短涩溺痛之有赖于琥珀。心肝热极
。恶疮目翳之有赖于龙胆。齿动须白。火疮红发之有赖于旱莲草。亦何莫不为通瘀活血之品
？但其诸药性寒。则凡血因寒起。当知所避。慎不可妄见血闭。而即用以苦寒之味以理之也
。
血寒自然应当使用温性药物。血热自然应当使用凉性药物。如果血寒而不加以温煦，那么血液会更加寒冷而运行不畅。如果血热而不加以清凉，那么血液会更加凝结而不能消散。因此，温血就是所谓的疏通滞涩、活血化瘀的意思；而凉血也是所谓的疏通滞涩、活血化瘀的意思。只是书籍中记载的凉血药物非常多，然而如果不辨别清晰明确，那么使用大多会不合宜。例如血闭经阻，治疗不外乎使用红花；毒邪闭塞不解，治疗不外乎使用紫草。这是固定的法则。然而有心胃热极，症状表现为吐血，那么就不得不使用犀角。心脾热极，症状表现为喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞），不得不使用射干。肝胃热极，症状表现为呕吐血逆（吐血或呕血伴气逆），不得不使用白茅根。肠胃热极，症状表现为便血，不得不使用槐角和地榆。心经热极，症状表现为惊惕（惊恐不安），不得不使用辰砂。况且痈肿伤骨，血瘀热聚，适合使用无名异。毒盛痘闭，颜色干红晦暗，适合使用猪尾血。目盲翳障，血积上攻头部，适合使用夜明沙、谷精草和青鱼胆。瘀血内滞，关窍不开，适合使用发余（此处疑为“发”或特定草药别名，依原文保留）。肝木失制，呕血过多，适合使用侧柏叶。火伏于血中，肺痈失理，适合使用凌霄花。肝胃血燥，乳痈淋闭，适合使用蒲公英。至于肠红脱肛，血液不止，则有炒卷柏可以治疗。血瘕疝痹，经闭目赤，则有赤芍药可以治疗。各种出血症同时出现，血向上溢出而不能下行，则有生地黄可以治疗。心肾火炽，血随火势上逆，则有童便可以治疗。肝肾火起，骨蒸潮热血结，则有童便可以治疗。其他如崩漏带下、惊痫、噎膈气逆等依赖于代赭石的情况。湿热下注，肠胃痔漏等依赖于刺皮（即黄柏皮）的情况。血瘀淋滴，小便短涩疼痛等依赖于琥珀的情况。心肝热极，恶疮目翳等依赖于龙胆的情况。牙齿松动须发早白，火疮红肿发作等依赖于旱莲草的情况。这些哪一种不是具有通瘀活血功效的药物呢？但是这些药物性质大多寒凉，那么凡是因寒引起的血证，应当知道避开它们。千万不要看见血闭，就立即用苦寒的药物来调理它。
Cold blood naturally requires the use of warming agents. Hot blood naturally requires the use of cooling agents. If cold blood is not warmed, it will become increasingly cold and fail to circulate. If hot blood is not cooled, it will become increasingly coagulated and fail to disperse. Therefore, warming blood refers to unblocking stagnation and activating blood circulation; similarly, cooling blood also refers to unblocking stagnation and activating blood circulation. However, although many drugs for cooling blood are recorded in texts, if they are not clearly distinguished, their application will often be inappropriate. For instance, in cases of blood obstruction and menstrual blockage, treatment relies on Honghua (Carthami Flos). In cases where toxic obstruction is unresolved, treatment relies on Zicao (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix). These are fixed methods. However, when there is extreme heat in the Heart and Stomach manifesting as hematemesis (vomiting blood), Xijiao (Rhino-cornu) must be used. When there is extreme heat in the Heart and Spleen manifesting as Houbi (sore throat with swelling and obstruction), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma) must be used. When there is extreme heat in the Liver and Stomach manifesting as vomiting blood with rebellious Qi, Maogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) must be used. When there is extreme heat in the Intestines and Stomach manifesting as hematochezia (blood in stool), Huaijiao (Sophorae Fructus) and Duyu (Sanguisorbae Radix) must be used. When there is extreme heat in the Heart Meridian manifesting as fright and palpitations, Chen Sha (Cinnabar) must be used. Furthermore, for carbuncles damaging bones with blood stasis and heat accumulation, Wumingyi (Pyrola) is suitable. For severe toxicity with closed acne presenting as dry, red, and dull complexion, Zhuweixue (Porcine Tail Blood) is suitable. For blindness with corneal opacity due to blood accumulation attacking upwards, Yeming Sha (Gulielidae Faeces), Gujingcao (Pseudognaphalii Herba), and Qingyudan (Cyprini Carassii Vesica Utrinaque) are suitable. For internal blood stasis blocking orifices, Fayu (likely a specific herb alias, retained as per text) is suitable. For Liver Wood losing control leading to excessive vomiting of blood, Ce Baiye (Platycladi Cacumen) is suitable. For fire hidden within blood causing Lung abscess with pathological disorder, Lingxiaohua (Campsis Grandiflorae Flos) is suitable. For Liver and Stomach blood dryness causing breast abscess and stranguria with retention, Pugongying (Taraxaci Herba) is suitable. Regarding intestinal bleeding with rectal prolapse and continuous blood loss, Chao Juanbai (Polygoni Avicularis Herba stir-fried) can treat it. For blood masses, hernias, and bi-syndromes with amenorrhea and red eyes, Chishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) can treat it. For various bleeding conditions where blood flows upward without descending, Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) can treat it. For blazing Fire in the Heart and Kidney with blood following the rebellious Qi, Tongbian (Child's Urine) can treat it. For rising Fire in the Liver and Kidney causing bone-steaming fever and blood coagulation, Tongbian (Child's Urine) can treat it. Other conditions relying on Daizhe Shi (Haematitum) include metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, epilepsy, and dysphagia with rebellious Qi. Conditions relying on Ci Pi (Phellodendri Cortex, likely referring to Huangbo) include damp-heat pouring downward and hemorrhoids/fistulas of the intestines and stomach. Conditions relying on Hupo (Amber) include blood stasis with dribbling stranguria, shortness and difficulty of urination, and painful micturition. Conditions relying on Longdan (Gentianae Radix) include extreme heat in the Heart and Liver, malignant sores, and corneal opacity. Conditions relying on Hanliancao (Ecliptae Herba) include loose teeth, premature whitening of hair, and inflammatory skin eruptions. Are any of these not substances that promote blood circulation and resolve stasis? However, since these drugs are predominantly cold in nature, one must know to avoid them for blood disorders caused by cold. One must not rashly see blood obstruction and immediately apply bitter-cold substances to regulate it.