（水禽）补中利水
凫（专入脾胃。兼入肺肾）。即野鸭。又类鸿雁。夏藏冬见。群飞蔽日。味甘气平无毒。
其肉
肥而不脂。美而易化。凡滞下泄泻。喘咳上气。失血产后之症。服此最宜。以其具有补中
利
水之功也。但在九月以后。立春以前。服之味美。他时不及。血吐挑生蛊毒可服。以血引血
之故。同气相应之义也。
（原禽）解温疟蛊毒仍防乌头半夏苗
鹧鸪（专入脾胃心）。性畏于露。早晚稀出。夜栖于木。叶蔽其身。其性好洁。（时珍）
常食乌
头半夏苗。故书载其气味甘温。但有小毒。食之者须防咽喉头脑肿痛。犯此宜用生姜甘草解
之。（类说云。杨玄之通判广州归楚州。因多食鹧鸪。遂病咽喉间生痈。溃而脓血不止。寝
食俱废。医者束手。适杨吉老赴郡。邀诊之。曰但先啖生姜一斤。乃可投药。初食觉甘香
。至半斤觉稍宽。尽一斤觉辛辣。粥食入口了无滞碍。此鸟好啖半夏。毒发耳。故以姜制之
也。又丞相冯延己苦脑痛不已。太医吴廷诏曰。公多食山鸡鹧鸪。其毒发也。故以甘草汤而
愈。）而其功用又言。服此能解岭南野葛菌子。并温疟久病欲死。蛊气欲死。或者无毒得此
则犯。有毒得此则解之意也乎！（蛊亦畏鹧鸪。）至书有言服此能利五脏。益心力。令人聪明
。犹是冗统之辞。未有确指。无足信也。脂膏涂冻疮。令不龟裂。自死者勿食。同竹笋食。
则小腹胀。
（水禽类）具有补益中气、利水消肿的功效。
凫（主要作用于脾胃，兼入肺经和肾经）。就是野鸭。外形又类似鸿雁。夏天隐藏踪迹，冬天出现。成群飞翔时遮蔽了太阳。味道甘甜，性质平和，无毒。
它的肉
肥美但不油腻，美味且容易消化。凡是患有痢疾泄泻、气喘咳嗽上逆、失血以及产后病症的患者，服用这种肉最为适宜。因为它具有补益中气、利水消肿的功效。但是在九月以后、立春以前这段时间，食用它味道最美，其他时候则不如此时。对于吐血、挑生蛊毒（由寄生虫或毒素引起的中毒症状），可以服用，这是基于“以血引血”的原理，以及同气相求的道理。
鹧鸪（主要作用于脾胃心）。性情畏惧露水，早晚很少出来活动。夜晚栖息在树上，用树叶遮蔽身体。天性爱干净。（李时珍记载）常食用乌头（Aconitum carmichaelii, 附子/川乌等来源植物）和半夏（Pinellia ternata, 半夏）的嫩苗，所以书籍记载其气味甘温，但带有小毒。食用的人必须防备咽喉和头部肿胀疼痛的症状。如果犯了此症，适宜使用生姜和甘草来解毒。（《类说》记载：杨玄之担任广州通判，返回楚州时，因为多吃了鹧鸪，导致咽喉间生出痈疽，溃烂后脓血不止，睡觉吃饭都废弛了。医生们束手无策。恰好杨吉老前往该郡，邀请他诊治。他说只要先吃一斤生姜，然后才可以给药。刚开始吃觉得甘甜芳香，吃到半斤时感觉稍微宽舒，吃完一斤时觉得辛辣，喝粥进食完全没有阻碍。这种鸟喜欢吃半夏，是毒性发作罢了，所以用生姜来制约它。）又有丞相冯延己深受头痛之苦，太医吴廷诏说：“您多吃了山鸡和鹧鸪，这是毒性发作。”因此用甘草汤治愈了他。）而关于它的功效又说，服用它能解除岭南地区的野葛菌子的毒性，并能治疗温疟久病垂死、蛊气侵袭垂死的状况。或许是无毒的人吃了它会犯病，有毒的人吃了它能解毒的意思吧！（蛊毒也畏惧鹧鸪。）至于书中说服用它能通利五脏，增强心力，使人聪明，这些还是笼统空泛的言辞，没有确切的指向，不值得相信。其油脂涂抹冻疮，可防止皮肤龟裂。自死的鹧鸪不要食用。与竹笋一起食用，会导致小腹胀满。
(Waterfowl) Tonifies the Middle Jiao and promotes diuresis.
Fu (Wild Duck) [Anas platyrhynchos] (Primarily enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians, also enters the Lung and Kidney meridians). It is the wild duck. Its appearance is similar to that of a swan goose. It hides in summer and appears in winter. Flocks fly so densely they obscure the sun. Its taste is sweet, its nature is neutral, and it is non-toxic.
Its meat
is fatty but not greasy, delicious and easy to digest. For conditions such as dysentery and diarrhea, asthma, coughing with rebellious Qi, hemorrhage, and postpartum syndromes, consuming this meat is most suitable. This is because it possesses the efficacy of tonifying the Middle Jiao and promoting diuresis. However, from the ninth month until before the Beginning of Spring, its taste is best; at other times, it is inferior. It can be taken for hematemesis (vomiting blood) and poisoning by Gu toxins (parasitic or toxic poisoning), based on the principle of "using blood to guide blood" and the resonance of similar energies.
(Upland Bird) Resolves warm malaria and Gu toxins, yet caution is required regarding Aconite and Pinellia seedlings.
Zhegu (Partridge) [Francolinus pintadeanus] (Primarily enters the Spleen, Stomach, and Heart meridians). Its nature fears dew, rarely appearing in the early morning or evening. It roosts in trees at night, covering itself with leaves. It has a clean nature. (Li Shizhen recorded) It often consumes the seedlings of Aconite (Aconitum carmichaelii) and Pinellia (Pinellia ternata). Therefore, texts record its flavor as sweet and warm, but note it has slight toxicity. Consumers must guard against swelling and pain in the throat and head. If these symptoms occur, Ginger (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Licorice (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) should be used to resolve the toxicity. ("Leshuo" records: Yang Xuanzhi, Tongpan of Guangzhou, upon returning to Chuzhou, ate too much partridge and subsequently developed an abscess in his throat, which ulcerated with continuous pus and blood, rendering him unable to sleep or eat. Physicians were helpless. When Yang Jilao arrived in the commandery and was invited to diagnose, he said, "First consume one jin of ginger, then medication can be administered." Initially, he felt it was sweet and fragrant; upon reaching half a jin, he felt somewhat relieved; after finishing one jin, he felt spicy, and porridge entered his mouth without any obstruction. This bird likes to eat Pinellia, causing the toxicity to manifest; thus, ginger is used to control it.) Additionally, Chancellor Feng Yanji suffered from severe headaches. Imperial Physician Wu Tingzhao said, "You have eaten too much pheasant and partridge; this is the manifestation of toxicity." He was cured using Licorice Decoction (Gancao Tang).) Regarding its functions, it is stated that consuming it can resolve the toxicity of wild葛 (Kudzu root, Puerariae Lobatae Radix) and mushrooms in Lingnan, and treat critical cases of warm malaria lasting long periods or Gu qi invasion leading to near-death states. This may imply that those without toxicity will suffer if they eat it, while those with toxicity will be resolved. (Gu toxins also fear the partridge.) As for texts claiming it benefits the five Zang organs, strengthens heart power, and enhances intelligence, these are vague generalizations without specific indication and are not credible. Its fat applied to frostbite prevents skin cracking. Do not consume self-dead birds. Consuming it with bamboo shoots causes abdominal distension.