（蔓草）散毒泄热
青木香（专入肺）。即马兜铃根。又名土木香者是也。味辛而苦。微寒无毒。诸书皆言
可升可
降。可吐可利。凡人感受恶毒而致胸膈不快。则可用此上吐。以其气辛而上达也。感受风湿
而见阴气上逆。则可用此下降。以其苦能泄热也。故肘后治蛊毒。同酒水煮服。使毒从小便
出矣。惟虚寒切禁。以其味辛与苦。泄人真气也。秃疮瘙痒可敷。（出精义）
（隰草）散火气消痈毒
野菊花（专入肺肝）。一名苦薏。为外科痈肿药也。其味辛而且苦。大能散火散气。故
凡痈毒
疔肿瘰 眼目热痛。妇人瘀血等症。无不得此则治。以辛能散气。苦能散火者是也。是以经
验方治瘰 未破。用根煎酒热服。渣敷自消。孙氏治毒方用此。连根叶捣烂。煎酒热服取汗
。以渣敷贴。或用苍耳同入。或作汤服。或为末酒调。自无不可。（卫生简易方）但胃气虚
弱
。切勿妄投。（震亨曰。野菊花服之大伤胃气。）
（水草）入肝散风入脾利湿
浮萍（专入肝脾）。浮于水上。体轻气浮。辛寒。古人谓其发汗胜于麻黄。下水捷于通
草一语
。括尽浮萍治功。故凡风湿内淫。瘫痪不举。在外而见肌肤搔痒。一身暴热。在内而见水
肿不消。小便不利。用此疏肌通窍。俾风从外散。湿从下行。而瘫与痪其悉除矣。至本经载
长须发者。以毛窍利而血脉荣也。（风去血荣。）止消渴者。以经气和而津液复也。（热去津
生。）胜酒者。以阳明通达而能去酒毒也。总皆因其体浮。故能散风。因其气寒。故能胜热
。因其产于水上。故能以水利水耳！用浮萍其背紫色为末。蜜丸弹子大。空心酒服。然必大
实大热。方可用此。若表虚自汗者。其切禁焉。烧烟辟蚊亦佳。但气虚切勿近此。（绣见有
一妇人用此辟蚊。其儿仅两周耳。因此即毙。）
【蔓草类】具有散解毒邪、泄除热邪的功效。
青木香（专入肺经）。就是马兜铃的根。又名土木香的就是它。味道辛而苦，性微寒，无毒。各种医书都说它既能升提又能下降，既能催吐又能利水。凡是人感受了恶毒之邪导致胸膈部不舒适，就可以用此药进行上部催吐，因为它的辛味之气能向上通达。如果感受风湿之邪出现阴气上逆的情况，就可以用此药进行下部降泄，因为它的苦味能泄除热邪。所以《肘后备急方》治疗蛊毒时，将其与水或酒同煮服用，使毒邪从小便排出。唯独虚寒体质者严格禁忌使用，因为它的辛味和苦味会耗泄人的真气。秃疮瘙痒可以外敷。（出自《精义》）
野菊花（专入肺、肝二经）。又名苦薏，是治疗外科痈肿的药物。它的味道辛而且苦，非常能够疏散火邪和郁结之气。所以凡是痈毒、疔疮、肿疡、瘰疬以及眼目热痛、妇人瘀血等症状，没有不能通过此药治疗的，正是因为辛味能散气、苦味能散火的缘故。因此经验方治疗瘰疬未破溃时，用根部煎酒热服，药渣外敷即可自行消散。孙氏治疗毒邪的方子用此药，连根叶捣烂，煎酒热服以取汗，或用渣外敷贴。也可以与苍耳子同用，或者作汤剂服用，或者研末用酒调服，都没有不可以的。（出自《卫生简易方》）。但是胃气虚弱的人，千万不要随意投用。（朱震亨说：野菊花服用后会大伤胃气。）
浮萍（专入肝、脾二经）。漂浮在水面上，质地轻，气机浮散，味辛性寒。古人说它发汗的效果胜过麻黄，利水的功效快于通草，这一句话概括了浮萍所有的治疗功效。所以凡是风湿内侵，导致瘫痪不能举动，在体表表现为肌肤搔痒、全身突发高热，在体内表现为水肿不消退、小便不利，使用此药可以疏解肌表、通利孔窍，使得风邪从外部散去，湿邪从下方下行，那么瘫痪的症状就能全部清除。至于《神农本草经》记载它能促进毛发生长，是因为毛孔通畅而血脉充盈的缘故。（风去则血荣）。止住消渴症，是因为经脉之气调和而津液恢复的缘故。（热去则津生）。解酒毒，是因为阳明经气通达从而能去除酒毒。总之都是因为它体轻上浮，所以能疏散风邪；因为气性寒凉，所以能胜热；因为它产于水上，所以能以水利水罢了！使用浮萍时，取其背面的紫色部分研为粉末，制成蜜丸如弹子大小，空腹时用酒送服。然而必须是实证、热证，才可以应用此药。如果是表虚自汗的患者，严格禁忌使用。燃烧烟雾驱蚊也很好，但气虚者切勿靠近使用。（我见过一个妇人用此药驱蚊，她的孩子才两周大，因此就死亡了。）
[Herbs of the Vine Category] Disperse toxic pathogens and drain heat.
Qingmuxiang (Aristolochiae Radix) (specifically enters the Lung meridian). It is the root of Aristolochia manshuriensis, also known as Tumu Xiang. Its taste is pungent and bitter, its nature is slightly cold, and it is non-toxic. Various medical texts state that it can ascend and descend, induce vomiting and promote urination. When a person suffers from discomfort in the chest and diaphragm due to contracting malignant toxins, this herb can be used to induce upper vomiting, because its pungent qi reaches upward. When wind-dampness is contracted leading to the counterflow of yin qi, this herb can be used to direct qi downward, because its bitter taste drains heat. Therefore, in *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept in the Sleeve), for treating gu poison, it is boiled with water or wine and taken orally, allowing the toxin to exit via the urine. It is strictly contraindicated for deficiency-cold constitutions, because its pungent and bitter flavors deplete the body's true qi. For bald sores with itching, it can be applied externally. (From *Jingyi*)
[Herbs of the Wetland Category] Disperse fire qi and eliminate carbuncle toxins.
Yejuhua (Chrysanthemi Indici Flos) (specifically enters the Lung and Liver meridians). Also known as Ku Yi, it is an herb for surgical carbuncles and swellings. Its taste is pungent and bitter, and it strongly disperses fire and stagnant qi. Therefore, for conditions such as carbuncle toxins, ding sores, swellings, scrofula, hot pain in the eyes, and blood stasis in women, none cannot be treated by this herb, precisely because the pungent flavor disperses qi and the bitter flavor disperses fire. Thus, empirical formulas for treating unruptured scrofula use the root decocted in wine, taken hot, with the dregs applied externally to cause spontaneous resolution. Sun’s formula for toxic pathogens uses this herb; the roots and leaves are mashed, decocted in wine, taken hot to induce sweating, or the dregs are applied as a poultice. It may also be combined with Xuanxuancao (Xanthii Fructus), taken as a decoction, or powdered and mixed with wine. All methods are acceptable. (From *Weisheng Jianyi Fang*). However, those with weak stomach qi must not administer it recklessly. (Zhenheng stated: Taking Yejuhua severely damages stomach qi.)
[Herbs of the Water Category] Enters the Liver to disperse wind; enters the Spleen to promote dampness drainage.
Fuping (Spirodela Polyrrhiza) (specifically enters the Liver and Spleen meridians). It floats on the water surface, possessing light texture and floating qi. It is pungent and cold. The ancients said its ability to induce sweating surpasses Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), and its efficacy in promoting urination is faster than Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla). This phrase summarizes all therapeutic functions of Fuping. Therefore, for internal invasion of wind-dampness leading to paralysis and inability to move, manifesting externally as skin itching and sudden whole-body fever, and internally as persistent edema and difficult urination, using this herb can vent the muscle layer and open orifices, allowing wind to scatter outward and dampness to drain downward, thereby completely eliminating paralysis. As recorded in *Shennong Bencao Jing*, it promotes hair growth because pores become clear and blood vessels flourish. (When wind departs, blood flourishes). It stops xiao-ke (wasting-thirst syndrome) because the channel qi harmonizes and fluids regenerate. (When heat departs, fluids generate). It overcomes alcohol toxicity because the Yangming channel qi becomes unobstructed, enabling the removal of alcohol toxins. In summary, it is because of its light, floating nature that it disperses wind; because of its cold nature that it overcomes heat; and because it grows on water that it utilizes water to treat water-related issues! When using Fuping, take the purple back part, powder it, make honey pills the size of beans, and take them with wine on an empty stomach. However, it can only be used for excess and heat patterns. It is strictly contraindicated for those with exterior deficiency and spontaneous sweating. Burning it to repel mosquitoes is also effective, but those with qi deficiency must avoid it. (I have seen a woman use this to repel mosquitoes, and her child, only two weeks old, died as a result.)