仁主治润心肺滑肠清咽。泻火涤痰结吐血。消肿炒用补虚劳口渴。根主治除肠胃中
八疸唇干口燥时热狂疾。通大小肠。妇女月经乳汁。消肿。排脓生肌去扑损瘀血。秋冬采根
去皮寸切水浸逐日换水四五日取出捣泥。以绢滤过澄粉晒干即为天花粉。栝蒌丸。栝蒌实山
楂半夏曲神曲各等分。栝蒌瓤竹沥和丸梧子大。每服五十丸。姜汤下治食嗽。又方
枳实（麸炒）桔梗半夏各等分。研末姜汁和丸梧子大。每服五七十丸。食后淡姜汤下。治胸
膈
痞痛彻背胁胀喘急妨闷。火重者加黄连。栝蒌托里汤。栝蒌一个。银花一两。苏
香甘草节没药各三钱。酒煎分三服。一日服尽。渣焙为末。酒糊丸弹子大。当归酒化下。治
跌扑损伤肿痛积久欲溃。或气血郁结。致成疮疡。服之未成即消。已成自溃。
仁九钱。滑石一钱五分。苍术（米泔水浸炒）南星赤芍陈皮各一钱。白芷黄柏黄芩黄连各五
分。
生草二分。生姜三片。水三钟煎至一钟服。治破伤风攻里之后。里热不止者
蒌子连翘何首乌皂角仁牛蒡子（微炒）大黄（微炒）各一两。研末。每服二钱
下。
治瘰 初起疼痛寒热四肢不宁。栝蒌牛蒡汤。栝蒌仁牛蒡子（炒研）花
连翘
皂角刺银花生草陈皮各一钱。青皮柴胡各五分。水二钟。煎至八分。入酒一杯和匀。食远服。
治乳痈乳疽。寒热往来。栝蒌煎。栝蒌一个。（熟者去仁。以童便一升相和。绞取汁。）酥一
两。生草一分。（研末）蜜二两。用银锅子慢火煎如稀饧。每
治小儿久嗽不止心神烦闷量儿大小加减。栝蒌薤白半夏汤。
半
夏五合。白酒一斗。（不用酒者。用枳实生姜）煎取三升。温服一升。日三次。治胸痹不得
卧。
心痛彻背。栝蒌牡蛎散。栝蒌根牡蛎各等分。研末。每服
病渴不瘥者。栝蒌根汤。栝蒌根四两。麦冬人参各三两。
大枣二十枚。 咀。水八升煎取二升五合。分三服。治产后血渴。又方。栝蒌根一钱。石膏
二钱。（碎）葛根一钱五分。人参炙草防风各五分。水煎
汤。
栝蒌根桂枝生姜芍药各三两。炙草二两。大枣十二枚。 咀。水九升微火煎取三升。分温三
服。取微汗。汗不出。啜热粥发之。治太阳经痉病。栝蒌汤。栝蒌根三两。桑螵蛸炙草黄连
生姜各二两。人参三两。大枣五十枚。水七升煎取二升五合。分三服。治产后溺数口渴。忌
猪肉冷水。栝蒌瞿麦丸。栝蒌根二两。瞿麦穗
末
蜜丸梧子大。每服二三丸。米汤下。日三次。不知。加至七八丸。以小便利腹中温为度。治
小便不利。有水气。口渴腹中冷。天花散。天
一盏煎至七分。空腹温服。不饮者水煎加黄酒少许。治外肾肿痛。栝蒌皮功用同仁而轻。可
祛肺火。咳嗽口渴宜用之。葛根主治消渴解肌
散郁火破血排脓。生用堕胎。花主治肠风下血。祛
半炒）贯众甘草江西豆豉各二钱。研碎。每服三五钱。水煎。治时毒。肿痛而便利调和者。
葛根麦冬散。干葛麦冬各一钱。石膏升麻赤芍
水一盏煎至七分服。清肺胃邪热。葛根散。葛根黄 升麻麦冬栝蒌根赤芍栀子仁生地各一
黄芩七钱五分。生草五钱。锉碎。每服四钱。水一中
或干呕。葛根汤。葛根四两。麻黄三两。桂枝芍药炙
枚。
（擘） 咀。水一斗。先煎麻黄葛根减二升。去上沫。纳诸药煎取三升。去滓服。取微汗。
治
太阳与阳明合病。或利或呕。或小便少。或发热无汗。
痉。又方。葛根二钱。栀子仁枳实（麸炒）豆豉各一钱
治酒疸。又方。葛根二钱。赤芍一钱五分。赤茯苓
芥防风薄荷。火盛加连翘生地丹皮牛蒡子。葛根
炙草二两。 咀。水八升。先煎葛根减二升。纳诸药煎取二升。去滓。分温再服。治阳明病
大热下利。或喘而汗出及酒客热喘。葛根解肌
等分。生草减半。水煎服。治麻疹初起发热咳嗽。葛根橘皮汤。葛根橘皮杏仁知母（炒）黄
芩
麻黄炙草各五钱。锉碎。每服三钱。水煎服
呕吐清汁。及麻痘等症。葛花解毒饮。葛花黄连（炒黑）玄参当归龙胆草（炒）茵陈甘草熟
地茯
苓栀子仁连翘车前子各等分。水二杯煎至八分。去滓食远服。治睛黄视渺。葛花解酲汤。葛
花白豆蔻缩砂仁（炒）各五钱。青皮莲花各三钱。木香五分。橘红人参猪苓白茯苓各一钱五
分。
神曲（炒）泽泻干姜白术（炒）各二钱
逆。
头痛心烦。胸膈痞塞。手足颤摇。小便不利。大便泄泻。频服取汗愈。
【栝蒌】
栝蒌仁主治：滋润心肺，滑利肠道，清利咽喉。用于泻火、涤除痰结引起的吐血。消肿需炒用，补虚劳及口渴。
栝蒌根主治：去除肠胃中的八种黄疸，缓解嘴唇干燥、口舌燥渴、定时发热、狂躁等疾症。通利大小肠。治疗妇女月经不调及乳汁不通。具有消肿、排脓、生肌、去除跌打损伤瘀血的功效。
采收与加工：秋冬季节采集根部，去皮后切成寸段，用水浸泡，每日换水，连续四五日后取出捣成泥状。用绢布过滤，沉淀淀粉，晒干后即得“天花粉”。
方剂一：栝蒌丸。由栝蒌实、山楂、半夏曲、神曲各等分组成。另取栝蒌瓤与竹沥和丸，如梧桐子大。每次服用五十丸，姜汤送服。主治食积咳嗽。
方剂二：枳实（麸炒）、桔梗、半夏各等分。研为细末，用姜汁和丸，如梧桐子大。每次服用五七十丸，饭后用淡姜汤送服。主治胸膈痞闷疼痛，痛连背胁，胀满喘急，烦闷不适。若火势重者，加黄连。
方剂三：栝蒌托里汤。栝蒌一个，金银花一两，苏合香、甘草节、没药各三钱。酒煎，分三次服用，一日服完。药渣焙干研末，用酒糊制成弹子大小的丸药。用当归酒化开送服。主治跌打损伤导致的肿痛，日久欲溃烂；或因气血郁结形成的疮疡。服用后，未成脓者可消散，已成脓者可自行溃破。
方剂四：栝蒌仁九钱，滑石一钱五分，苍术（米泔水浸炒）、南星、赤芍、陈皮各一钱，白芷、黄柏、黄芩、黄连各五分，生甘草二分，生姜三片。水三钟，煎至一钟服用。主治破伤风邪气攻入体内之后，里热不止的情况。
方剂五：栝蒌子、连翘、何首乌、皂角仁、牛蒡子（微炒）、大黄（微炒）各一两。研为细末。每次服用二钱，开水送下。主治瘰疬初起，伴有疼痛、寒热往来、四肢不安的症状。
方剂六：栝蒌牛蒡汤。栝蒌仁、牛蒡子（炒研）、花（指栝蒌花）、连翘、皂角刺、金银花、生甘草、陈皮各一钱，青皮、柴胡各五分。水二钟，煎至八分，加入一杯酒混合均匀，空腹时服用。主治乳痈、乳疽，伴有寒热往来。
方剂七：栝蒌煎。栝蒌一个（熟透的去仁，与童便一升混合，绞取汁液），酥一两，生甘草一分（研末），蜜二两。用银锅慢火煎至稀饧状。每次适量服用。主治小儿久咳不止，心神烦闷，根据患儿年龄大小调整剂量。
方剂八：栝蒌薤白半夏汤。半夏五合，白酒一斗。（若无酒，可用枳实、生姜代替）。煎取三升，温服一升，每日三次。主治胸痹不能平卧，心痛放射至背部。
方剂九：栝蒌牡蛎散。栝蒌根、牡蛎各等分。研为细末。每次服用适量，开水送下。主治病后口渴不愈者。
方剂十：栝蒌根汤。栝蒌根四两，麦冬、人参各三两，大枣二十枚。切碎，水八升，煎取二升五合，分三次服用。主治产后血虚口渴。
又方：栝蒌根一钱，石膏二钱（碎），葛根一钱五分，人参、炙甘草、防风各五分。水煎汤服用。
方剂十一：栝蒌根、桂枝、生姜、芍药各三两，炙甘草二两，大枣十二枚。切碎，水九升，微火煎取三升，分三次温服。服药后取微汗，若不出汗，喝热粥以助发汗。主治太阳经痉病。
方剂十二：栝蒌汤。栝蒌根三两，桑螵蛸、炙甘草、黄连、生姜各二两，人参三两，大枣五十枚。水七升，煎取二升五合，分三次服用。主治产后小便频数、口渴。忌食猪肉、冷水。
方剂十三：栝蒌瞿麦丸。栝蒌根二两，瞿麦穗末，蜜丸如梧桐子大。每次服用二三丸，米汤送下，每日三次。若无效，加至七八丸，以小便通利、腹部温暖为度。主治小便不利，有水气停留，口渴，腹部寒冷。
方剂十四：天花散。栝蒌皮一盏，煎至七分，空腹温服。若不饮酒者，可用水煎并加少许黄酒。主治外肾（睾丸）肿痛。栝蒌皮的功用与栝蒌仁相同但药力较轻，可祛除肺火，咳嗽口渴者宜用。
【葛根】
葛根主治：消渴，解肌，发散郁火，破血，排脓。生用可导致堕胎。
方剂十五：葛根、半炒（此处疑为某药名残缺或特指炮制法，依原文直译）、贯众、甘草、江西豆豉各二钱。研碎，每次服用三五钱，水煎。主治时毒，肿痛且二便调和者。
方剂十六：葛根麦冬散。干葛、麦冬各一钱，石膏、升麻、赤芍各等分。水一盏，煎至七分服用。清泄肺胃邪热。
方剂十七：葛根散。葛根、黄芩、升麻、麦冬、栝蒌根、赤芍、栀子仁、生地各一钱，黄芩七钱五分（注：原文此处可能有误，前文已列黄芩，此处重复或指代其他，依原文列出），生甘草五钱。锉碎，每次服用四钱，水一中盏，煎至七分服用。主治或干呕等症状。
方剂十八：葛根汤。葛根四两，麻黄三两，桂枝、芍药、炙甘草、生姜、大枣（擘开）各等量（原文未明示数量，依经典推测或省略，此处依原文结构处理，通常桂枝芍药等量，大枣若干枚）。切碎，水一斗，先煎麻黄、葛根，减去二升水量，撇去浮沫，加入其余药物，煎取三升，去滓服用。取微汗。主治太阳与阳明合病，症状表现为下利或呕吐，或小便少，或发热无汗，或痉挛。
又方：葛根二钱，栀子仁、枳实（麸炒）、豆豉各一钱。主治酒疸。
又方：葛根二钱，赤芍一钱五分，赤茯苓、芥子、防风、薄荷各等分。火热盛者加连翘、生地、丹皮、牛蒡子。主治...（原文此处截断，依前文逻辑推断为清热类病症）。
方剂十九：葛根解肌汤。葛根、炙甘草各二两。切碎，水八升，先煎葛根，减去二升水量，加入其余药物，煎取二升，去滓，分两次温服。主治阳明病大热下利，或气喘出汗，以及嗜酒之人热喘。
方剂二十：葛根橘皮汤。葛根、橘皮、杏仁、知母（炒）、黄芩、麻黄、炙甘草各五钱。锉碎，每次服用三钱，水煎服。主治呕吐清汁，以及麻疹、痘疮等症。
方剂二十一：葛花解毒饮。葛花、黄连（炒黑）、玄参、当归、龙胆草（炒）、茵陈、甘草、熟地黄、茯苓、栀子仁、连翘、车前子各等分。水二杯，煎至八分，去滓，饭后服用。主治眼睛发黄、视物模糊。
方剂二十二：葛花解酲汤。葛花、白豆蔻、缩砂仁（炒）各五钱，青皮、莲花各三钱，木香五分，橘红、人参、猪苓、白茯苓各一钱五分，神曲（炒）、泽泻、干姜、白术（炒）各二钱。主治头痛心烦，胸膈痞塞，手足颤抖摇晃，小便不利，大便泄泻。频繁服用以取微汗，汗出则愈。
[Trichosanthes Fruit and Root]
**Trichosanthes Seed (Gualou Ren)**: Mainly treats moistening of the lungs and heart, lubricating the intestines, and clearing the throat. Used to purge fire, eliminate phlegm accumulation causing hematemesis (vomiting blood). For reducing swelling, use stir-fried; for tonifying deficiency consumption and thirst.
**Trichanthes Root (Gualou Gen/Tianhuafen)**: Mainly treats removing eight types of jaundice from the stomach and intestines, relieving dry lips, dry mouth, periodic fever, and manic disorders. Promotes the free flow of the large and small intestines. Treats menstrual irregularities and insufficient lactation in women. Has effects of reducing swelling, discharging pus, generating flesh, and removing traumatic blood stasis.
**Harvesting and Processing**: Harvest roots in autumn and winter, remove skin, cut into inch-long segments, soak in water, changing water daily for four to five days. Take out, pound into paste, filter through silk cloth, settle the starch, and sun-dry to obtain "Tianhuafen" (Trichosanthes Root Starch).
**Formula 1: Gualou Wan (Trichosanthes Pill)**. Composed of equal parts of Trichosanthes fruit, Hawthorn fruit (Shanzha), Pinellia prepared with ginger juice (Banxia Qu), and Medicated Leaven (Shenqu). Additionally, mix Trichosanthes pulp with Bamboo sap (Zhuli) to form pills the size of wu-tzu seeds. Take 50 pills per dose, washed down with Ginger decoction. Treats cough due to food stagnation.
**Formula 2**: Zhi Shi (Stir-fried with bran), Jie Geng, Banxia in equal parts. Grind into powder, mix with Ginger juice to form pills the size of wu-tzu seeds. Take 50-70 pills per dose after meals, washed down with light Ginger tea. Treats epigastric fullness and pain radiating to the back and flanks, distension, asthma, urgency, and stifling sensation. If fire is severe, add Huang Lian.
**Formula 3: Gualou Tuoli Tang (Trichosanthes Supporting Interior Decoction)**. One Trichosanthes fruit, one tael of Jin Yin Hua (Honeysuckle), three qian each of Su Xiang (Agarwood/Styrax), Gan Cao Jie (Licorice knots), and Mo Yao. Decoct in wine, divide into three doses, consume all within one day. Roast the dregs, grind into powder, make pills the size of bullet seeds using wine paste. Wash down with Dang Gui dissolved in wine. Treats swelling and pain from traumatic injuries that have persisted and are about to suppurate, or sores/ulcers caused by qi and blood stagnation. Taken early, it dissipates; if suppuration has occurred, it promotes spontaneous rupture.
**Formula 4**: Gualou Ren 9 qian, Hua Shi 1.5 qian, Cang Zhu (soaked in rice water and stir-fried), Nan Xing, Chi Shao, Chen Pi each 1 qian, Bai Zhi, Huang Bo, Huang Qin, Huang Lian each 0.5 qian, Sheng Gan Cao 0.2 qian, Sheng Jiang 3 slices. Decoct 3 zhong of water to 1 zhong. Take orally. Treats persistent interior heat after Shang Han Feng (Wind-stroke from trauma) pathogens have entered the interior.
**Formula 5**: Gualou Zi, Lian Qiao, He Shou Wu, Zao Jiao Ren, Niu Bang Zi (lightly stir-fried), Da Huang (lightly stir-fried) each 1 liang. Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, washed down with water. Treats scrofula (Luo Li) in its initial stage with pain, alternating chills and fever, and restlessness of the four limbs.
**Formula 6: Gualou Niubang Tang**. Gualou Ren, Niu Bang Zi (stir-fried and ground), Gualou Hua (flower), Lian Qiao, Zao Jiao Ci, Jin Yin Hua, Sheng Gan Cao, Chen Pi each 1 qian, Qing Pi, Chai Hu each 0.5 qian. Decoct 2 zhong of water to 0.8 zhong, add 1 cup of wine, mix well. Take on an empty stomach. Treats breast abscess (Ru Yong) and breast carbuncle (Ru Ju) with alternating chills and fever.
**Formula 7: Gualou Jian**. One Trichosanthes fruit (remove seeds if ripe, mix with 1 sheng of child's urine, squeeze to extract juice), 1 tael of Su (butter/ghee), 0.1 fen of Sheng Gan Cao (ground), 2 liang of Honey. Slowly boil in a silver pot until resembling thin syrup. Take appropriate amount. Treats prolonged cough in children with mental restlessness; dosage adjusted by age.
**Formula 8: Gualou Xiebai Banxia Tang**. Banxia 5 he, Bai Jiu (white wine) 1 dou. (If no wine, use Zhi Shi and Sheng Jiang). Decoct to obtain 3 sheng. Warm take 1 sheng, three times daily. Treats chest bi (obstruction) where the patient cannot lie flat, and heart pain radiating to the back.
**Formula 9: Gualou Muli San**. Gualou Gen and Mu Li in equal parts. Grind into powder. Take appropriate amount per dose, washed down with water. Treats persistent thirst after illness.
**Formula 10: Gualou Gen Tang**. Gualou Gen 4 liang, Mai Dong, Ren Shen each 3 liang, Da Zao 20 pieces. Cut up, decoct 8 sheng of water to obtain 2.5 sheng. Divide into three doses. Treats postpartum blood-deficiency thirst.
**Another Formula**: Gualou Gen 1 qian, Shi Gao 2 qian (crushed), Ge Gen 1.5 qian, Ren Shen, Zhi Gan Cao, Fang Feng each 0.5 qian. Decoct in water and drink.
**Formula 11**: Gualou Gen, Gui Zhi, Sheng Jiang, Bai Shao each 3 liang, Zhi Gan Cao 2 liang, Da Zao 12 pieces. Cut up, decoct 9 sheng of water with mild fire to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into three warm doses. Induce slight sweating. If sweat does not occur, drink hot porridge to assist. Treats Taiyang channel Jing disease (spasm/stiffness).
**Formula 12: Gualou Tang**. Gualou Gen 3 liang, Sang Piao Xiao, Zhi Gan Cao, Huang Lian, Sheng Jiang each 2 liang, Ren Shen 3 liang, Da Zao 50 pieces. Decoct 7 sheng of water to obtain 2.5 sheng. Divide into three doses. Treats frequent urination and thirst after childbirth. Avoid pork and cold water.
**Formula 13: Gualou Qumai Wan**. Gualou Gen 2 liang, Qumai Sui (end), honey pills the size of wu-tzu seeds. Take 2-3 pills per dose, washed down with rice soup, three times daily. If ineffective, increase to 7-8 pills. Stop when urination becomes smooth and abdomen feels warm. Treats difficult urination with fluid retention, thirst, and cold abdomen.
**Formula 14: Tianhua San**. Gualou Pi (peel) 1 zhan, decoct to 0.7 zhan. Take warm on an empty stomach. If not drinking alcohol, decoct in water with a little yellow wine. Treats swelling and pain of the external kidneys (testicles). Gualou Pi has similar functions to Gualou Ren but is milder; it can clear lung fire and is suitable for cough with thirst.
[Pueraria Root]
**Ge Gen (Kudzu Root)**: Mainly treats thirst (Xiao Ke), releases the muscle layer, disperses stagnant fire, breaks blood, and discharges pus. Raw use may cause abortion.
**Ge Gen Hua (Flower)**: Mainly treats intestinal wind bleeding, dispels wind.
**Formula 15**: Ge Gen, Ban Chao (partially fried - *note: text ambiguous, likely refers to specific processing*), Guan Zhong, Gan Cao, Jiang Xi Dou Chi each 2 qian. Grind, take 3-5 qian per dose, decoct in water. Treats seasonal toxic heat with swelling/pain and harmonized bowel/bladder functions.
**Formula 16: Ge Gen Maidong San**. Gan Ge, Mai Dong each 1 qian, Shi Gao, Sheng Ma, Chi Shao in equal parts. Decoct 1 zhan of water to 0.7 zhan. Take. Clears pathogenic heat from lungs and stomach.
**Formula 17: Ge Gen San**. Ge Gen, Huang Qin, Sheng Ma, Mai Dong, Gualou Gen, Chi Shao, Zhi Zi Ren, Sheng Di each 1 qian, Huang Qin 7.5 qian (*Note: Huang Qin listed twice in source*), Sheng Gan Cao 5 qian. Cut finely, take 4 qian per dose, decoct 1 zhong of water to 0.7 zhong. Treats symptoms such as dry vomiting.
**Formula 18: Ge Gen Tang**. Ge Gen 4 liang, Ma Huang 3 liang, Gui Zhi, Bai Shao, Zhi Gan Cao, Sheng Jiang, Da Zao (split) in equal amounts (implied standard proportions). Cut up, decoct 1 dou of water. First decoct Ma Huang and Ge Gen, reduce by 2 sheng, skim foam. Add other herbs, decoct to 3 sheng, strain. Take. Induce slight sweating. Treats concurrent Taiyang and Yangming diseases, presenting as diarrhea or vomiting, or scanty urination, or fever without sweat, or spasms.
**Another Formula**: Ge Gen 2 qian, Zhi Zi Ren, Zhi Shi (stir-fried with bran), Dou Chi each 1 qian. Treats Wine Jaundice.
**Another Formula**: Ge Gen 2 qian, Chi Shao 1.5 qian, Chi Fu Ling, Jie Zi, Fang Feng, Bo He in equal parts. Add Lian Qiao, Sheng Di, Dan Pi, Niu Bang Zi if fire is excessive.
**Formula 19: Ge Gen Jieji Tang**. Ge Gen, Zhi Gan Cao each 2 liang. Cut up, decoct 8 sheng of water. First decoct Ge Gen, reduce by 2 sheng, add other herbs, decoct to 2 sheng, strain. Divide into two warm doses. Treats Yangming disease with high fever and diarrhea, or wheezing with sweating, and hot wheezing in habitual drinkers.
**Formula 20: Ge Gen Jupi Tang**. Ge Gen, Jupi, Xing Ren, Zhi Mu (stir-fried), Huang Qin, Ma Huang, Zhi Gan Cao each 5 qian. Cut finely, take 3 qian per dose, decoct in water. Treats vomiting of clear fluid, and measles/chickenpox conditions.
**Formula 21: Ge Hua Jiedu Yin**. Ge Hua, Huang Qin (stir-fried black), Xuan Shen, Dang Gui, Long Dan Cao (stir-fried), Yin Chen, Gan Cao, Shu Di, Fu Ling, Zhi Zi Ren, Lian Qiao, Che Qian Zi in equal parts. Decoct 2 cups of water to 0.8 cup, strain. Take after meals. Treats yellow eyes and blurred vision.
**Formula 22: Ge Hua Cheng Ting Tang**. Ge Hua, Bai Dou Kou, Suo Sha Ren (stir-fried) each 5 qian, Qing Pi, Lian Hua each 3 qian, Mu Xiang 0.5 qian, Ju Hong, Ren Shen, Zhu Ling, Bai Fu Ling each 1.5 qian, Shen Qu (stir-fried), Ze Xie, Gan Jiang, Bai Zhu (stir-fried) each 2 qian. Treats headache, irritability, epigastric oppression, trembling of hands and feet, difficult urination, and diarrhea. Frequent administration to induce sweating leads to recovery.