（《开宝》）
【校正】自木部移入此。
【释名】文蛤（《开宝》）、百虫仓（《拾遗》），法酿过名百药煎。
时珍曰∶五倍当作五 ，见《山海经》。其形似海中文蛤，故亦
百药煎，隐名也。
【集解】志曰∶五倍子在处有之。其子色青，大者如拳，而内多虫。
颂曰∶以蜀中者为胜。生于肤木叶上，七月结实，无花。其木青黄色。其实青，至熟而
黄。九月采子，曝干，染家用之。
时珍曰∶五倍子，宋《开宝本草》收入草部，《嘉 本草》移入木部。虽知生于肤木之
上，而不知其乃虫所造也。肤木，即盐肤子木也（详见果部盐麸子下）。此木生丛林处者，
五
六月有小虫如蚁，食其汁，老则遗种，结小球于叶间，正如
初起甚小，渐渐长坚，其大如拳。或小如菱，形状圆长不等。初时青绿，久则细黄，缀于
枝叶，宛若结成。其壳坚脆，其中空虚，有细虫如蠛蠓。山人霜降前采取，蒸杀货之。否则
虫必穿坏，而壳薄且腐矣。皮工造为百药煎，以染皂色，大为时用。他树亦有此虫球，不入
药用，木性殊也。
【气味】酸，平，无毒。
【主治】齿宣疳 ，肺脏风毒流溢皮肤，作风湿癣疮，瘙痒脓水，五
面鼻疳疮（《开宝》）。肠虚泄痢，为末，熟汤服之
药（《日华》）。口
吐
金疮，收脱肛、子肠坠下（时珍）。
【发明】震亨曰∶五倍子属金与水，噙之善收顽痰，解热毒，佐他药尤良。黄昏咳嗽，
乃火气浮入肺中，不宜用凉药，宜五倍、五味敛而降之。
时珍曰∶盐麸子及木叶，皆酸咸寒凉，能除痰饮咳嗽，生津止渴，解热毒酒毒，治喉痹
下血血痢诸病。五倍子乃虫食其津液结成者，故所主治与之同功。其味酸咸，能敛肺止血化
痰，止渴收汗，其气寒，能散热毒疮肿；其性收，能除泄痢湿烂。
【附方】旧二，新七十二。
虚劳遗浊∶玉锁丹∶治肾经虚损，心气不足，思虑太过，真阳不固，漩有余沥，小便白
浊如膏，梦中频遗，骨节拘痛，面黧肌瘦，盗汗虚烦，食减乏力。此方性温不热，极有神效。
用五倍子一斤，白茯苓四两，龙骨二两，为末，水糊丸梧子大。每服七十丸，食前用盐汤送
下，日三服。（《和剂
寐中盗汗∶五倍子末、荞麦面等分，水和作饼，煨熟。夜卧待饥时，干吃二三个，勿饮
茶水，甚妙。（《集灵》）
自汗盗汗∶常出为自汗，睡中出为盗汗。用五倍子研末，津调填脐中，缚定，一夜即止
也。（同上）
心疼腹痛∶五倍子生研末。每服一钱，铁杓内炒，起烟黑色者为度。以好酒一钟，倾入
杓内，服之立止。（邵真人《经验方》）
消渴饮水∶五倍子为末，水服方寸匕，日三服。（危氏《得效》）
小儿呕吐不定∶用五倍子二个（一生一熟），甘草一握（湿纸裹，煨过），同研为末。每
服半钱，米泔调下，立瘥。（《经验后方》）
小儿夜啼∶五倍子末，津调，填于脐内。（杨起《简便方》）
暑月水泄∶五倍子末，饭丸黄豆大。每服二十丸，荷叶煎水下，即时见效。（余居士《选
奇方》）
热泻下痢∶五倍子一两，枯矾五钱，为末，糊丸梧子大。每服五十丸，米汤送下。（邓
笔峰《杂兴方》）
泻痢不止∶五倍子一两，（半生半烧），为末，糊丸梧子大。
每服三十丸，红痢烧酒下；白痢水酒下；水泄，米汤下。《集灵》∶用五倍子末，每
服一钱。
滑痢不止∶用五倍子醋炒七次，为末。米汤送下。
脾泄久痢∶五倍子（炒）半斤，仓米（炒）一升，白丁香、细辛、木香各三钱，花椒五
钱。为末。每服一钱，蜜汤下，日二服。忌生冷、鱼肉。（《集灵方》）
赤痢不止∶文蛤炒研末，水浸乌梅肉和，丸梧子大。每服七十丸，乌梅汤下。
肠风下血∶五倍子、白矾各半两。为末，顺流水丸梧子大。每服七丸，米饮下。忌酒。
（《本事方》）
脏毒下血∶五倍子不拘多少。为末，大鲫鱼一枚，去肠胃鳞腮，填药令满，入瓶
性，为末。每服一钱，温酒下。（王 《百一选方》）
粪后下血，不拘大人、小儿。五倍子末，艾汤服一钱。（《全幼心鉴》）
肠风脏毒∶下血不止。五倍子半生半烧，为末，陈米饭和，丸如梧子大。每服二十丸，
食前粥饮送下，日三服。（
酒痢肠风下血∶见百药煎。
二十丸。（郑氏）
大肠痔疾∶五倍子煎汤熏洗，或烧烟熏之，自然收缩。（《直指方》）
脱肛不收∶《三因方》∶用五倍子末三钱，入白矾一块，水一碗煎汤，洗之立效。《简便》∶
用五倍子半斤
济方》∶用五倍子、
产后肠脱∶五倍子末，掺之。或以五倍子、白矾煎汤，熏洗。（《妇人良方》）
女人阴血，因交接伤动者∶五倍子末掺之，良。（熊氏）
孕妇漏胎∶五倍子末，酒服二钱，神效。（《朱氏集验方》）
风毒攻眼∶肿痒涩痛不可忍者，或上下睑 赤烂，或浮翳、瘀肉侵睛。神效驱风散∶用
五倍子一两，蔓荆子一两半，为末。每服二钱，水二盏，铜、石器内煎汁去滓，乘热洗。留
滓再煎用。大能明目去涩。（《博济方》）
小便尿血∶五倍子末，盐梅捣和，丸梧子大。每空心酒服五十丸。（《集简方》）
风眼赤烂∶《集灵方》∶用五倍子 存性，为末。入飞过黄丹少许，敷之。日三上，甚良
。《普济方》∶用五倍子研末敷之。名拜堂散。
烂弦风眼∶五倍子、铜青、白 土等分，为末。热汤泡开，闭目淋洗。冷即再热洗之
。眼弦不可入汤。（《济急方》）
眼中 肉∶方同上。
耳疮肿痛∶五倍子末，冷水调涂。湿则干掺之。（《海上名方》）
耳出脓∶《普济方》∶用五倍子末吹之。《经验》∶用五倍子（焙干）一两，全蝎（烧存
性）三钱，为末。掺耳中。
鼻出衄血∶五倍子末，吹之。仍以末同新绵灰等分，米饮服二钱。
牙缝出血不止者∶五倍子烧存性，研末，敷之即止。（《卫生易简方》）
牙齿动摇及外物伤动欲落者∶五倍子、干地龙（炒）等分。为末。先以姜揩过，然后敷
之。（《御药院方》）
牙龈肿痛∶五倍子一两，瓦焙研末。每以半钱敷痛处，片时吐去涎。内服去风热药。（杨
子建《护命方》）
风牙肿痛∶五倍子一钱，黄丹、花椒各五分，为末，掺之即止也。五倍末，冷水调，涂
颊外，甚效。
唇紧作痛∶五倍子、诃子等分，为末，敷之。（《端效方》）
天行口疮∶五倍子末掺之，吐涎即愈。（庞氏《伤寒论》）
咽中悬痈，舌肿塞痛∶五倍子末、白僵蚕末、甘草末等分，白梅肉捣和，丸弹子大。噙
咽，其痈自破也。（《朱氏经验方》）
口舌生疮∶《儒门事亲》∶赴筵散∶用五倍子、密陀僧等分，为末。浆水漱过，干贴之。
《院方》加晚蚕蛾。《澹寮方》∶用五倍子一两，滑石半两，黄柏（蜜
掺之，便可饮食。
白口恶疮状似木耳∶不拘大人、小儿，并用五倍子、青黛等分，为末，以筒吹之。（《端
效方》）
走马牙疳∶五倍子、青黛、枯矾、黄柏等分。为末。先以盐汤漱净，掺之，立效。（《便
览》）
牙龈疳臭∶五倍子（炒焦）一两，枯矾、铜青各一钱，为末。先以米泔漱净，掺之。绝
效方也。（《集简方》）
疳蚀口鼻∶五倍子烧存性研末，掺之。（《普济方》）
小儿口疳∶白矾装入五倍子内，烧过同研，掺之。（《简便方》）
下部疳疮∶《全幼心鉴》∶用五倍子、枯矾等分。研末。先以齑水洗
要》∶用五倍子、花椒（去子，炒）各一钱，细辛（焙）三分。为末。先以葱汤洗净，搽之。
一、二日生
阴囊湿疮出水不瘥∶用五倍子、腊茶各五钱，腻粉少许，研末。先以葱椒汤洗过，香油
调搽，以瘥为度。（《太平圣惠方》）
鱼口疮毒初起，未成脓者∶用南五倍子，炒黄研末，入百草霜等分，以腊醋调，涂于患
处。一日一夜即消。（《杏林摘要》）
一切诸疮∶五倍子、黄柏等分，为末。敷之。（《普济方》）
一切肿毒∶五倍子，炒紫黑色，蜜调，涂之。《简便》∶治一切肿毒，初起无头者。五倍
子、大黄、黄柏等分，为末。新汲
一切癣疮∶五倍子（去虫）、白矾（烧过）各等分。为末。搽之。干则油调
癞头软疖及诸热疮∶用五倍子七个，研末，香油四两，熬至一半，布绞去渣，搽之。三、
四遍即可。勿以水洗之。（《普济方》）
风癞湿烂∶五倍子末，津调涂之。（同上）
头疮热疮，风湿诸毒∶用五倍子、白芷等分，研末。掺之，脓水即干。如干者，以清油
调涂。（《卫生易简》）
疮口不收∶五倍焙，研末。以腊醋脚调，涂四围，效。
一切金疮∶五倍子、降真香等分，炒，研末。敷之，皮肉自痊。名啄合山。（《拔萃方》）
金疮出血不止者∶五倍子末贴之。若闭气者，以五倍子末二钱，入龙骨末少许，汤服，
立效。（谈野翁方）
杖疮肿痛∶五倍子，去穣，米醋浸一日，慢火炒黄，研末，干掺之。不破者，醋调涂之。
（《卫生易简方》）
手足皲裂∶五倍子末，同牛骨髓，填纳缝中，即安也。（《医方大成》）
鸡骨哽咽∶五倍子末，掺入喉中，即化下。（《海上名方》）
小儿脱肛∶五倍子为末。先以艾绒卷倍子末成筒，放便桶内，以瓦盛之。令病者坐
于桶上，以火点着，使药烟熏入肛门，其肛自上。随后将白矾为末，复搽肛门，其肛自紧，
再不复脱。
鱼口便毒∶五倍子不拘多少，以净瓦器盛之，用陈醋熬成膏，用绵布摊贴之。如干即换，
三五次即愈。
火灰内，煨存性。为末，酒调服。
染乌须发∶《圣济总录》∶用针砂八两（米醋浸五日，炒略红色，研末）。五倍子
煎、
没石子各二两，诃黎勒皮三两，研末各包。先以皂荚水洗髭须，用米醋打荞麦面糊，和针砂
末敷上，荷叶包，过一夜，次日取去。以荞麦糊四味敷之，一日洗去即黑。《杏林摘
五倍子一斤研末，铜锅炒之，勿令成块。如有烟起，即提下搅之。从容上火慢炒，直
为度。以湿青布包扎，足踏成饼，收贮听用。每用时，以皂角水洗净须发。用五倍子一两，
红铜末（酒炒）一钱六分，生白矾六分，诃子肉四分，没石子四分， 砂一分，为末。乌梅、
酸榴皮煎汤。调匀碗盛，重汤煮四、五十沸，待如饴状。以眉掠刷于须发上，一时洗
上包住。次日洗去，以核桃油润之。半月一染，甚妙。
中河豚毒∶五倍子、白矾末等分，以水调下。（出《事林广记》）
百药煎
【修治】时珍曰∶用五倍子为粗末。每一斤，
和，器盛置糠缸中 之，待发起如发面状即
嘉谟曰∶入药者，五倍子（鲜者）十斤舂细，用瓷缸盛，稻草盖
入桔梗、甘草末各二两，又 一七。仍捣仍
干者水渍为之。又方∶五倍子一斤，生糯米一两（滚水浸过），细茶一两，上共研末，入罐
内封固，六月要一七，取开配合用。又方五倍子一斤（研末），酒曲半斤，细茶一把（研末）。
上
用小蓼汁调匀，入钵中按紧，上以长稻草封固。另用箩一个，多着稻草，将药钵坐草中，上
以稻草盖，置净处。过一七后，看药上长起长霜，药则已成矣。或捏作丸，或作饼，晒干才
可收用。
【气味】酸、咸、微甘，无毒。
【主治】清肺化痰定嗽，解热生津止渴，收湿消酒，乌须发，止下血，久痢脱肛，牙齿
宣，面鼻疳蚀，口舌糜烂，风湿诸疮（时珍）。
【发明】
时珍曰∶百药煎，功与五倍子不异。但经酿造，其体轻虚，其性浮收，且味带余甘，治
上焦心肺、咳嗽痰饮、热渴诸病，含噙尤为相宜。
【附方】新二十一。
敛肺劫嗽∶百药煎、诃黎勒、荆芥穗等分为末，姜汁入蜜和，丸芡子大。时时噙之。（《丹
溪心法》）定嗽化痰∶百药煎、片黄芩、橘红、甘草各等分，共为细末，蒸饼丸绿豆大。时
时干咽数丸，佳。（《濒湖医案》）
清气化痰∶百药煎、细茶各一两，荆芥穗五钱，海螵蛸一钱，蜜丸芡子大。每服噙一丸，
妙。（《笔峰杂兴》）
染乌须发∶川百药煎一两，针砂（醋炒）、荞麦面各半两。先洗须发，以荷叶熬醋调刷，
荷叶包一夜，洗去即黑，妙。（《普济方》）
沐发除 ∶百药煎末，干搽发上，一夜篦之。（同上）
揩牙乌须∶川百药煎半两，玄胡索三钱，雄黄三钱，为末。先以烂研生姜擦牙去涎，用
此揩牙，以津洗目。日日用之。甚佳。（《普济》）
牙痛引头∶方同上。
风热牙痛∶百药煎泡汤噙嗽。（《圣济总录》）
牙龈疳蚀∶百药煎、五倍子、青盐（ ）各一钱半，铜绿一钱，为末。日掺二三次，神
效。（《普济方》）
炼眉疮癣∶小儿面湮疮，又名炼银疮，乃母受胎时，食酸辣邪物所致。用百药煎五钱，
生白矾二钱，为末，油调搽之。（《外科精义》）
脚肚生疮∶初起如粟米大，搔之不已，成片，包脚相交，黄水出，痒不可忍，久成痼疾。
【校正】从木部移入此部。
【释名】文蛤（《开宝本草》）、百虫仓（《嘉祐本草拾遗》），经过发酵酿制后称为百药煎。
李时珍说：五倍子应当写作“五㭎”，见于《山海经》。它的形状像海中的文蛤，所以也叫百药煎，这是隐晦的名称。
【集解】苏颂说：五倍子在各地都有。它的果实颜色青，大的像拳头，里面有很多虫子。
寇宗奭说：以蜀地出产的最好。生长在肤木的叶子上，七月结果实，不开花。这种树呈青黄色。果实青色，成熟后变黄。九月采集果实，晒干，染匠使用它。
李时珍说：五倍子，宋代《开宝本草》收录在草部，《嘉祐本草》移入木部。虽然知道它生长在肤木之上，但不知道那是虫子造成的。肤木，就是盐肤子树（详见果部盐麸子条下）。这种树生长在丛林处的，五六月间有小虫像蚂蚁一样，吸食树的汁液，长大后留下卵种，在叶间结成小球，起初很小，渐渐长硬，大如拳头。有的小如菱角，形状圆长不等。初时青绿，久了变细黄，附着在枝叶上，宛若结成的果实。外壳坚硬脆裂，中间空虚，有细小的虫如蠛蠓。山民在霜降前采取，蒸死虫子后出售。否则虫子必会穿坏果实，导致壳薄且腐烂。皮匠将其加工为百药煎，用来染黑色，非常实用。其他树上也有这种虫球，但不入药用，因为树木性质不同。
【气味】酸味，平性，无毒。
【主治】牙齿松动、疳积蚀齿，肺脏风毒流溢皮肤，形成风湿癣疮，瘙痒流脓水，面部及鼻部的疳疮（《开宝本草》）。肠虚泄泻痢疾，研为末，用熟汤送服（《日华子本草》）。金疮出血，收敛脱肛、直肠脱垂（李时珍）。
【发明】朱震亨说：五倍子属金与水，含在口中善于收敛顽痰，解除热毒，配合其他药物效果更好。黄昏咳嗽，是火气浮入肺中，不宜用凉药，宜用五倍子、五味子收敛并降气。
李时珍说：盐麸子的果实及叶子，都味酸咸寒凉，能消除痰饮咳嗽，生津止渴，解除热毒和酒毒，治疗喉痹、便血、血痢等各种疾病。五倍子是虫子吸食其津液凝结而成的，所以主治功效与之相同。其味酸咸，能收敛肺气、止血、化痰，止渴止汗；其气寒，能散发热毒疮肿；其性收敛，能治疗泄痢湿烂。
【附方】旧方二首，新方七十二首。
虚劳遗精浊液：玉锁丹：治疗肾经虚损，心气不足，思虑过度，真阳不固，小便有余沥，小便白浊如膏，梦中频繁遗精，骨节拘挛疼痛，面色黧黑肌肉消瘦，盗汗虚烦，食欲减退乏力。此方性温不热，极有神效。用五倍子一斤，白茯苓四两，龙骨二两，研为末，用水糊制作梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用七十丸，饭前用盐汤送下，每日三次。（《太平惠民和剂局方》）
睡梦中盗汗：五倍子末、荞麦面等分，和水做成饼，煨熟。夜间睡觉感到饥饿时，干吃两三个，不要喝茶水，效果很好。（《集灵方》）
自汗盗汗：白天经常出汗叫自汗，睡觉时出汗叫盗汗。用五倍子研末，用唾液调和填在肚脐中，绑紧，一夜即可停止。（同上）
心痛腹痛：五倍子生研末。每次服用一钱，在铁勺内炒至冒烟变黑为度。用好酒一杯，倒入勺内，服用后立即止痛。（邵真人《经验方》）
消渴多饮：五倍子为末，用水送服一方寸匕，每日三次。（危氏《得效方》）
小儿呕吐不定：用五倍子两个（一个生，一个熟），甘草一把（用湿纸包裹，煨过），一同研为末。每次服用半钱，用米泔水调下，立即痊愈。（《经验后方》）
小儿夜啼：五倍子末，用唾液调和，填在肚脐内。（杨起《简便方》）
暑月水样腹泻：五倍子末，饭丸黄豆大小。每次服用二十丸，荷叶煎水下，即时见效。（余居士《选奇方》）
热泻下痢：五倍子一两，枯矾五钱，研为末，糊丸梧桐子大小。每次服用五十丸，米汤送下。（邓笔峰《杂兴方》）
泻痢不止：五倍子一两，（一半生，一半烧存性），研为末，糊丸梧桐子大小。每次服用三十丸，红痢用烧酒送下；白痢用水酒送下；水泻用米汤送下。《集灵方》：用五倍子末，每次服用一钱。
滑痢不止：用五倍子醋炒七次，研为末。米汤送下。
脾泄久痢：五倍子（炒）半斤，仓米（炒）一升，白丁香、细辛、木香各三钱，花椒五钱。研为末。每次服用一钱，蜜汤送下，每日两次。忌生冷、鱼肉。（《集灵方》）
赤痢不止：文蛤炒研末，用水浸泡乌梅肉调和，丸梧桐子大小。每次服用七十丸，乌梅汤送下。
肠风下血：五倍子、白矾各半两。研为末，顺流水泛丸梧桐子大小。每次服用七丸，米饮送下。忌酒。（《本事方》）
脏毒下血：五倍子不拘多少。研为末，取大鲫鱼一条，去肠胃鳞腮，填入药物令满，装入瓶中煅烧存性，研为末。每次服用一钱，温酒送下。（王璆《百一选方》）
大便后下血，不分大人小孩。五倍子末，艾汤送服一钱。（《全幼心鉴》）
肠风脏毒：下血不止。五倍子一半生一半烧存性，研为末，陈米饭调和，丸如梧桐子大小。每次服用二十丸，饭前粥饮送下，每日三次。（《济生方》）
酒痢肠风下血：见百药煎条下。
大肠痔疾：五倍子煎汤熏洗，或烧烟熏之，自然收缩。（《直指方》）
脱肛不收：《三因方》：用五倍子末三钱，入白矾一块，水一碗煎汤，洗之立效。《简便方》：用五倍子半斤……《济生方》：用五倍子、……
产后肠脱：五倍子末，掺敷患处。或用五倍子、白矾煎汤，熏洗。（《妇人良方》）
女人阴户出血，因性交损伤者：五倍子末掺敷，效果好。（熊氏）
孕妇漏胎：五倍子末，酒服二钱，神效。（《朱氏集验方》）
风毒攻眼：肿痛涩痛不可忍受，或上下眼睑红肿溃烂，或浮翳、瘀肉侵睛。神效驱风散：用五倍子一两，蔓荆子一两半，研为末。每次服用二钱，水两盏，在铜、石器内煎汁去滓，乘热洗眼。留滓再煎使用。大能明目去涩。（《博济方》）
小便尿血：五倍子末，盐梅捣和，丸梧桐子大小。每次空腹酒服五十丸。（《集简方》）
风眼赤烂：《集灵方》：用五倍子煅存性，研为末。入飞过黄丹少许，敷之。每日三次，效果很好。《普济方》：用五倍子研末敷之。名为拜堂散。
烂弦风眼：五倍子、铜青、白垩土等分，研为末。热汤泡开，闭目淋洗。冷则再加热洗。药汤不可进入眼中。（《济急方》）
眼中息肉：方同上面。
耳疮肿痛：五倍子末，冷水调涂。湿了则干掺。（《海上名方》）
耳出脓：《普济方》：用五倍子末吹入耳中。《经验方》：用五倍子（焙干）一两，全蝎（烧存性）三钱，研为末。掺入耳中。
鼻出血：五倍子末，吹入鼻中。仍以末同新绵灰等分，米饮服二钱。
牙缝出血不止者：五倍子烧存性，研末，敷之即止。（《卫生易简方》）
牙齿动摇及外物伤动欲落者：五倍子、干地龙（炒）等分。研为末。先以姜擦过，然后敷之。（《御药院方》）
牙龈肿痛：五倍子一两，瓦焙研末。每次取半钱敷痛处，片刻后吐去涎水。内服祛风热药。（扬子建《护命方》）
风牙肿痛：五倍子一钱，黄丹、花椒各五分，研为末，掺之即止。五倍子末，冷水调，涂于脸颊外侧，甚效。
嘴唇紧缩作痛：五倍子、诃子等分，研为末，敷之。（《端效方》）
天行口疮：五倍子末掺之，吐涎即愈。（庞氏《伤寒论》）
咽中悬痈，舌肿塞痛：五倍子末、白僵蚕末、甘草末等分，白梅肉捣和，丸弹子大小。含咽，其痈自破也。（《朱氏经验方》）
口舌生疮：《儒门事亲》：赴筵散：用五倍子、密陀僧等分，研为末。浆水漱过，干贴之。《院方》加晚蚕蛾。《澹寮方》：用五倍子一两，滑石半两，黄柏（蜜炙）……掺之，便可饮食。
白口恶疮状似木耳：不分大人小孩，并用五倍子、青黛等分，研为末，以筒吹之。（《端效方》）
走马牙疳：五倍子、青黛、枯矾、黄柏等分。研为末。先以盐汤漱净，掺之，立效。（《便览》）
牙龈疳臭：五倍子（炒焦）一两，枯矾、铜青各一钱，研为末。先以米泔漱净，掺之。绝效方也。（《集简方》）
疳蚀口鼻：五倍子烧存性研末，掺之。（《普济方》）
小儿口疳：白矾装入五倍子内，烧过同研，掺之。（《简便方》）
下部疳疮：《全幼心鉴》：用五倍子、枯矾等分。研末。先以齑水洗……《要诀》：用五倍子、花椒（去子，炒）各一钱，细辛（焙）三分。研为末。先以葱汤洗净，搽之。一、二日生……
阴囊湿疮出水不瘥：用五倍子、腊茶各五钱，腻粉少许，研末。先以葱椒汤洗过，香油调搽，以瘥为度。（《太平圣惠方》）
鱼口疮毒初起，未成脓者：用南五倍子，炒黄研末，入百草霜等分，以腊醋调，涂于患处。一日一夜即消。（《杏林摘要》）
一切诸疮：五倍子、黄柏等分，研为末。敷之。（《普济方》）
一切肿毒：五倍子，炒紫黑色，蜜调，涂之。《简便方》：治一切肿毒，初起无头者。五倍子、大黄、黄柏等分，研为末。新汲水……
一切癣疮：五倍子（去虫）、白矾（烧过）各等分。研为末。搽之。干则油调……
癞头软疖及诸热疮：用五倍子七个，研末，香油四两，熬至一半，布绞去渣，搽之。三、四遍即可。勿以水洗之。（《普济方》）
风癞湿烂：五倍子末，津调涂之。（同上）
头疮热疮，风湿诸毒：用五倍子、白芷等分，研为末。掺之，脓水即干。如干者，以清油调涂。（《卫生易简》）
疮口不收：五倍焙，研末。以腊醋脚调，涂四围，效。
一切金疮：五倍子、降真香等分，炒，研末。敷之，皮肉自痊。名为啄合散。（《拔萃方》）
金疮出血不止者：五倍子末贴之。若闭气者，以五倍子末二钱，入龙骨末少许，汤服，立效。（谈野翁方）
杖疮肿痛：五倍子，去瓤，米醋浸一日，慢火炒黄，研末，干掺之。不破者，醋调涂之。（《卫生易简方》）
手足皲裂：五倍子末，同牛骨髓，填纳缝中，即安也。（《医方大成》）
鸡骨哽咽：五倍子末，掺入喉中，即化下。（《海上名方》）
小儿脱肛：五倍子为末。先以艾绒卷倍子末成筒，放便桶内，以瓦盛之。令病者坐于桶上，以火点着，使药烟熏入肛门，其肛自上。随后将白矾为末，复搽肛门，其肛自紧，再不复脱。
鱼口便毒：五倍子不拘多少，以净瓦器盛之，用陈醋熬成膏，用绵布摊贴之。如干即换，三五次即愈。
火灰内，煨存性。研为末，酒调服。
染乌须发：《圣济总录》：用针砂八两（米醋浸五日，炒略红色，研末）。五倍子……煎、没石子各二两，诃黎勒皮三两，研末各包。先以皂荚水洗髭须，用米醋打荞麦面糊，和针砂末敷上，荷叶包，过一夜，次日取去。以荞麦糊四味敷之，一日洗去即黑。《杏林摘要》：五倍子一斤研末，铜锅炒之，勿令成块。如有烟起，即提下搅之。从容上火慢炒，直……为度。以湿青布包扎，足踏成饼，收贮听用。每用时，以皂角水洗净须发。用五倍子一两，红铜末（酒炒）一钱六分，生白矾六分，诃子肉四分，没石子四分，硇砂一分，研为末。乌梅、酸榴皮煎汤。调匀碗盛，重汤煮四、五十沸，待如饴状。以眉掠刷于须发上，一时洗去，上包住。次日洗去，以核桃油润之。半月一染，甚妙。
中河豚毒：五倍子、白矾末等分，以水调下。（出《事林广记》）
百药煎
【修治】李时珍说：用五倍子为粗末。每一斤，……和，器盛置糠缸中……之，待发起如发面状即……
赵继宗说：入药者，五倍子（鲜者）十斤舂细，用瓷缸盛，稻草盖……入桔梗、甘草末各二两，又……一七。仍捣仍……干者水渍为之。又方：五倍子一斤，生糯米一两（滚水浸过），细茶一两，上共研末，入罐内封固，六月要……一七，取开配合用。又方五倍子一斤（研末），酒曲半斤，细茶一把（研末）。上……用小蓼汁调匀，入钵中按紧，上以长稻草封固。另用箩一个，多着稻草，将药钵坐草中，上以稻草盖，置净处。过一七后，看药上长起长霜，药则已成矣。或捏作丸，或作饼，晒干才可收用。
【气味】酸、咸、微甘，无毒。
【主治】清肺化痰定嗽，解热生津止渴，收湿消酒，乌须发，止下血，久痢脱肛，牙齿松动，面鼻疳蚀，口舌糜烂，风湿诸疮（李时珍）。
【发明】
李时珍说：百药煎，功效与五倍子无异。但经过酿造，其体质轻虚，其性浮收，且味带余甘，治疗上焦心肺、咳嗽痰饮、热渴诸病，含噙尤为相宜。
【附方】新方二十一首。
敛肺劫嗽：百药煎、诃黎勒、荆芥穗等分为末，姜汁入蜜和，丸芡子大小。时时含之。（《丹溪心法》）定嗽化痰：百药煎、片黄芩、橘红、甘草各等分，共为细末，蒸饼丸绿豆大小。时时干咽数丸，佳。（《濒湖医案》）
清气化痰：百药煎、细茶各一两，荆芥穗五钱，海螵蛸一钱，蜜丸芡子大小。每次含服一丸，妙。（《笔峰杂兴》）
染乌须发：川百药煎一两，针砂（醋炒）、荞麦面各半两。先洗须发，以荷叶熬醋调刷，荷叶包一夜，洗去即黑，妙。（《普济方》）
沐发除垢：百药煎末，干搽发上，一夜篦之。（同上）
揩牙乌须：川百药煎半两，玄胡索三钱，雄黄三钱，为末。先以烂研生姜擦牙去涎，用此揩牙，以津洗目。日日用之。甚佳。（《普济方》）
牙痛引头：方同上。
风热牙痛：百药煎泡汤噙嗽。（《圣济总录》）
牙龈疳蚀：百药煎、五倍子、青盐（……）各一钱半，铜绿一钱，为末。日掺二三次，神效。（《普济方》）
炼眉疮癣：小儿面湮疮，又名炼银疮，乃母受胎时，食酸辣邪物所致。用百药煎五钱，生白矾二钱，为末，油调搽之。（《外科精义》）
脚肚生疮：初起如粟米大，搔之不已，成片，包脚相交，黄水出，痒不可忍，久成痼疾。
[Correction] Transferred from the Wood category to this section.
[Nomenclature] Wen Ge (Clam Shell) (*Kaibao Bencao*), Bai Chong Cang (Hundred-Insect Granary) (*Jiayou Bencao Shiyi*). After fermentation and brewing, it is called Baiyao Jian (Hundred-Medicine Decoction).
Li Shizhen stated: "Wubeizi" should be written as "Wu Nuo", as seen in *Shan Hai Jing*. Its shape resembles the clam shell found in the sea, hence also called Baiyao Jian; this is an alias.
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song said: Wubeizi is available everywhere. Its fruit is green, large ones are fist-sized, and contain many insects inside.
Kou Zongshi said: Those from Shu region are superior. They grow on the leaves of *Rhus chinensis* (Salt-Skin Tree), bearing fruit in the seventh lunar month without flowers. The tree is yellowish-green. The fruit is green, turning yellow when ripe. Collected in the ninth lunar month, dried in the sun, and used by dyers.
Li Shizhen said: In the Song Dynasty's *Kaibao Bencao*, Wubeizi was included in the Grass category, and moved to the Wood category in the *Jiayou Bencao*. Although it was known to grow on *Rhus chinensis*, it was not understood that it was formed by insects. *Rhus chinensis* is the Salt-Skin Tree (see Fruit Category under Yanfuzi). On trees growing in dense forests, in the fifth and sixth lunar months, small ant-like insects appear, feeding on the sap. Upon maturation, they lay eggs and form small balls between the leaves. Initially very small, they gradually harden and grow to the size of a fist. Some are small like water caltrops, varying in round or long shapes. Initially green, they turn yellowish over time, attaching to branches and leaves, appearing as if naturally grown fruits. The shell is hard and brittle, hollow inside, containing tiny insects like midges. Mountain dwellers collect them before the Frost Descent solar term, steaming them to kill the insects before sale. Otherwise, the insects will bore through, making the shells thin and rotting. Tanners process them into Baiyao Jian to dye fabric black, which is highly practical. Other trees may have similar insect galls, but they are not used medicinally due to differences in tree properties.
[Flavor and Properties] Sour, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Loose teeth and noma (gangrenous stomatitis affecting gums), wind-toxin from the lungs overflowing into the skin causing rheumatic tinea and sores with itching and purulent discharge, facial and nasal noma sores (*Kaibao Bencao*). Intestinal deficiency leading to diarrhea and dysentery; taken as powder mixed with cooked water (*Rihuazi Bencao*). External wounds (Jinchuang), retraction of prolapsed rectum and intussusception (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Zhu Zhenheng said: Wubeizi belongs to Metal and Water. Holding it in the mouth effectively consolidates stubborn phlegm and resolves heat toxicity; it works especially well when combined with other herbs. Evening cough is caused by floating fire entering the lungs; cool-natured herbs should not be used. Instead, use Wubeizi and Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry) to astringe and descend the qi.
Li Shizhen said: The fruit and leaves of *Rhus chinensis* are sour, salty, and cold-cooling. They can resolve phlegm-fluids and cough, generate fluids and quench thirst, resolve heat and alcohol toxicity, and treat throat obstruction, hematochezia, bloody dysentery, and various diseases. Wubeizi is formed by insects feeding on its sap, so its therapeutic actions are similar. Its sour and salty flavor can astringe the lung, stop bleeding, and transform phlegm; it quenches thirst and stops sweating. Its cooling nature disperses heat toxicity and reduces carbuncles; its astringent property treats diarrhea and damp-rotting lesions.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old prescriptions, seventy-two new prescriptions.
Deficiency consumption with seminal emission: Yusuodan (Jade Lock Pill): Treats kidney channel deficiency, heart qi insufficiency, excessive mental exertion, instability of true yang, residual urine dribbling, white turbid urine resembling paste, frequent nocturnal emissions, joint stiffness and pain, dark complexion and emaciation, night sweats with deficiency vexation, decreased appetite, and fatigue. This formula is warm but not hot and is extremely effective. Use one jin (approx. 500g) of Wubeizi, four liang (approx. 200g) of Poria (Fuling), two liang (approx. 100g) of Dragon Bone (Longgu). Grind into powder, make pills with water paste the size of wutong seeds. Take seventy pills each time before meals, washed down with salt water, three times a day. (*Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang*)
Nocturnal sweating during sleep: Equal parts of Wubeizi powder and buckwheat flour. Mix with water to make cakes, roast until cooked. Eat two or three dry cakes at night when hungry, avoiding tea, for excellent results. (*Jiling Fang*)
Spontaneous and nocturnal sweating: Frequent sweating during the day is spontaneous sweating; sweating during sleep is nocturnal sweating. Grind Wubeizi into powder, mix with saliva, apply to the umbilicus, and bind tightly. It stops within one night. (Same source)
Heart pain and abdominal pain: Grind raw Wubeizi into powder. Take one qian (approx. 3-5g) each time. Stir-fry in an iron spoon until smoking and turning black. Pour one cup of good wine into the spoon and drink. Pain stops immediately. (Shao Zhenren *Experience Formula*)
Xiaoke (Wasting-Thirst) with excessive drinking: Grind Wubeizi into powder. Take one cunbi (approx. 5g) with water, three times a day. (Wei Shi *Dexiao Fang*)
Unpredictable vomiting in children: Use two Wubeizi (one raw, one cooked), one handful of Licorice Root (Gancao) wrapped in wet paper and roasted. Grind together into powder. Take half a qian (approx. 1.5-2.5g) each time, mixed with rice wash water. Cures immediately. (*Experience Posterior Formulas*)
Night crying in children: Apply Wubeizi powder mixed with saliva into the umbilicus. (Yang Qi *Simple Formula*)
Watery diarrhea in summer months: Make Wubeizi powder into pills the size of soybeans. Take twenty pills each time with lotus leaf decoction. Effective immediately. (Yu Jushi *Xuanqi Fang*)
Heat-induced diarrhea and dysentery: One liang (approx. 50g) of Wubeizi, five qian (approx. 25g) of Alum (Kufan). Grind into powder, make pills with paste the size of wutong seeds. Take fifty pills each time with rice soup. (Deng Bifeng *Zaxing Fang*)
Incessant diarrhea and dysentery: One liang (approx. 50g) of Wubeizi (half raw, half calcined). Grind into powder, make pills with paste the size of wutong seeds. Take thirty pills each time: for bloody dysentery, take with distilled liquor; for white dysentery, take with water and liquor; for watery diarrhea, take with rice soup. *Jiling Fang*: Use Wubeizi powder, take one qian each time.
Slippery dysentery incessant: Stir-fry Wubeizi seven times with vinegar, grind into powder. Take with rice soup.
Spleen deficiency with chronic dysentery: Half a jin (approx. 250g) of stir-fried Wubeizi, one sheng (approx. 600g) of stir-fried warehouse rice, three qian (approx. 15g) each of Bai Dingxiang (Stolex), Xixin (Asarum), and Muxiang (Aucklandia), five qian (approx. 25g) of Huajiao (Sichuan Pepper). Grind into powder. Take one qian each time with honey water, twice a day. Avoid raw/cold foods, fish, and meat. (*Jiling Fang*)
Incessant bloody dysentery: Roast Wen Ge (Clam Shell), grind into powder. Soak Wumei (Dark Plum) flesh in water, mix with powder, make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take seventy pills each time with Wumei soup.
Intestinal wind with blood in stool: Half a liang (approx. 25g) each of Wubeizi and Alum. Grind into powder, make pills with flowing water the size of wutong seeds. Take seven pills each time with rice drink. Avoid alcohol. (*Benshi Fang*)
Visceral toxin with blood in stool: Wubeizi amount unspecified. Grind into powder. Take one large crucian carp, remove guts, scales, and gills, fill with medicine, place in a jar, calcine until charred, and grind into powder. Take one qian each time with warm wine. (Wang Qiu *Baiyi Xuanfang*)
Blood after defecation, regardless of adult or child: Take one qian of Wubeizi powder with mugwort water. (*Quanyou Xinjian*)
Intestinal wind and visceral toxin: Incessant blood in stool. Half raw and half calcined Wubeizi, grind into powder, mix with aged rice, make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take twenty pills each time before meals with porridge drink, three times a day. (*Jisheng Fang*)
Alcohol-induced dysentery and intestinal wind with blood: See Baiyao Jian entry.
Large intestine hemorrhoids: Decoct Wubeizi for fumigation and washing, or burn it to smoke the area. It will naturally retract. (*Zhizhi Fang*)
Prolapsed rectum unable to retract: *Sanyin Fang*: Use three qian (approx. 15g) of Wubeizi powder and a piece of alum. Decoct in one bowl of water, wash the area for immediate effect. *Jianbian Fang*: Use half a jin (approx. 250g) of Wubeizi... *Jisheng Fang*: Use Wubeizi...
Postpartum intestinal prolapse: Sprinkle Wubeizi powder on the area. Or decoct Wubeizi and alum for fumigation and washing. (*Furen Liangfang*)
Vaginal bleeding due to sexual intercourse injury: Sprinkle Wubeizi powder. Effective. (Xiong Shi)
Pregnant woman with threatened miscarriage: Take two qian (approx. 10g) of Wubeizi powder with wine. Divine effect. (*Zhu Shi Jiyian Fang*)
Wind-toxin attacking eyes: Unbearable swelling, itching, and soreness; red and rotten upper/lower eyelids; pterygium or fleshy growth invading the cornea. Shenxiao Qufeng San (Divine Effect Wind-Expelling Powder): Use one liang (approx. 50g) of Wubeizi and one and a half liang (approx. 75g) of Manjingzi (Vitex Fruit). Grind into powder. Take two qian (approx. 10g) each time. Decoct in two cups of water using copper or ceramic vessels, strain while hot, and wash eyes. Retain residue and decoct again for use. Greatly brightens eyes and removes dryness. (*Boji Fang*)
Hematuria: Grind Wubeizi into powder, mix with salted plum paste, make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take fifty pills each time on an empty stomach with wine. (*Jijian Fang*)
Wind-eye redness and rot: *Jiling Fang*: Calcine Wubeizi until charred, grind into powder. Add a little refined Red Lead (Huandan), apply to the eye. Three times daily, very good. *Puji Fang*: Grind Wubeizi into powder and apply. Named Bitang San.
Marginal wind-eye (blepharitis): Equal parts of Wubeizi, Verdigris (Tongqing), and Kaolin (Baitu). Grind into powder. Steep in hot water, close eyes and rinse. Reheat if cooled. Do not let liquid enter the eyeball. (*Jiji Fang*)
Eye polyp: Same formula as above.
Ear sores with swelling and pain: Mix Wubeizi powder with cold water and apply. If wet, sprinkle dry powder. (*Haishang Mingfang*)
Otorrhea (pus in ear): *Puji Fang*: Blow Wubeizi powder into the ear. *Experience Formula*: Use one liang (approx. 50g) of dried Wubeizi and three qian (approx. 15g) of scorched Scorpion (Quanxie). Grind into powder and sprinkle into the ear.
Epistaxis (nosebleed): Blow Wubeizi powder into the nose. Also, take two qian (approx. 10g) of a mixture of Wubeizi powder and fresh cotton ash with rice drink.
Unstopping bleeding from gum fissures: Calcine Wubeizi until charred, grind into powder, and apply. Bleeding stops immediately. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)
Loose teeth or teeth damaged by external trauma about to fall out: Equal parts of Wubeizi and stir-fried Dry Earthworm (Dilong). Grind into powder. Rub with ginger first, then apply. (*Yuyao Yuan Fang*)
Gum swelling and pain: One liang (approx. 50g) of Wubeizi, baked on tile and ground into powder. Apply half a qian (approx. 2.5g) to the painful area each time, spit out saliva after a moment. Internally take wind-heat resolving herbs. (Yang Zijian *Huming Fang*)
Wind-tooth swelling and pain: One qian (approx. 5g) of Wubeizi, five fen (approx. 2.5g) each of Red Lead (Huandan) and Sichuan Pepper (Huajiao). Grind into powder and sprinkle. Stops immediately. Wubeizi powder mixed with cold water applied to the outer cheek is also very effective.
Lip tightness and pain: Equal parts of Wubeizi and Chezi (Chebula Fruit). Grind into powder and apply. (*Duane Fang*)
Epidemic mouth ulcers: Sprinkle Wubeizi powder. Cure upon spitting saliva. (Pang Shi *Shanghan Lun*)
Palatal abscess (suspended tumor), swollen tongue blocking and painful: Equal parts of Wubeizi powder, White Silkworm (Jiangcan) powder, and Licorice Root (Gancao) powder. Mix with Dark Plum (Wumei) flesh, make pills the size of a bullet. Hold in mouth and swallow slowly; the abscess will rupture spontaneously. (*Zhu Shi Experience Formula*)
Mouth and tongue ulcers: *Rumen Shiqin*: Fuyan San (Banquet Attending Powder): Equal parts of Wubeizi and Litharge (Miduoseng). Grind into powder. Rinse with grain water, apply dry powder. *Yuan Fang* adds late-season silkworm moth. *Danliao Fang*: One liang (approx. 50g) of Wubeizi, half a liang (approx. 25g) of Talc (Huashi), three qian (approx. 15g) of Honey-roasted Phellodendron (Huangbai)... Sprinkle, allows eating and drinking.
White mouth malignant sore resembling wood ear fungus: Regardless of adult or child, use equal parts of Wubeizi and Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai). Grind into powder and blow into the mouth with a tube. (*Duane Fang*)
Rapid gangrenous stomatitis (Zouma Yagan): Equal parts of Wubeizi, Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai), Calcined Alum (Kufan), and Phellodendron (Huangbai). Grind into powder. Rinse mouth thoroughly with salt water first, then sprinkle powder. Immediate effect. (*Bianlan*)
Gangrenous odor of gums: One liang (approx. 50g) of charred Wubeizi, one qian (approx. 5g) each of Calcined Alum (Kufan) and Verdigris (Tongqing). Grind into powder. Rinse mouth with rice wash water first, then sprinkle powder. Extremely effective. (*Jijian Fang*)
Gangrene eroding mouth and nose: Calcine Wubeizi until charred, grind into powder, and sprinkle. (*Puji Fang*)
Pediatric oral gangrene: Place Alum inside Wubeizi, calcine together, grind, and sprinkle. (*Jianbian Fang*)
Lower body gangrene sores: *Quanyou Xinjian*: Equal parts of Wubeizi and Calcined Alum (Kufan). Grind into powder. Wash with pickling brine first... *Yaojue*: One qian (approx. 5g) each of Wubeizi and stir-fried Sichuan Pepper (Huajiao, seeds removed), three fen (approx. 1.5g) of roasted Xixin (Asarum). Grind into powder. Wash with scallion water first, then apply. Appears in one or two days...
Chronic weeping eczema of scrotum: Five qian (approx. 25g) each of Wubeizi and winter tea, a little Calomel (Nifen). Grind into powder. Wash with scallion and pepper water first, mix with sesame oil, and apply until cured. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Early-stage Fish Mouth Carbuncle/Toxin (not yet suppurated): Use Southern Wubeizi, stir-fry until yellow, grind into powder. Add equal parts of Herb Ash (Baicaoshuang). Mix with winter vinegar and apply to the affected area. Disappears within one day and night. (*Xinglin Zhaiyao*)
All kinds of sores: Equal parts of Wubeizi and Phellodendron (Huangbai). Grind into powder and apply. (*Puji Fang*)
All kinds of swellings and toxins: Stir-fry Wubeizi until purple-black, mix with honey, and apply. *Jianbian Fang*: For all swellings and toxins starting without a head: Equal parts of Wubeizi, Rhubarb (Dahuang), and Phellodendron (Huangbai). Grind into powder. Mix with fresh well water...
All kinds of tinea (ringworm): Remove insects from Wubeizi, equal parts of calcined Alum. Grind into powder and apply. If dry, mix with oil...
Scaly head soft boils and various heat sores: Use seven Wubeizi, grind into powder. Four liang (approx. 200g) of sesame oil, boil until reduced by half, strain through cloth to remove dregs. Apply. Three or four applications suffice. Do not wash with water. (*Puji Fang*)
Wind-leprosy with damp rot: Mix Wubeizi powder with saliva and apply. (Same source)
Head sores, heat sores, wind-dampness and various toxins: Equal parts of Wubeizi and Angelica Dahurica (Baizhi). Grind into powder and sprinkle. Pus and fluid dry up. If dry, mix with clear oil and apply. (*Weisheng Yijian*)
Non-healing wound edges: Bake Wubeizi, grind into powder. Mix with vinegar residue, apply around the perimeter. Effective.
All kinds of metal wounds (lacerations): Equal parts of Wubeizi and Dalbergia Odorifera (Xiangzhijie). Stir-fry, grind into powder. Apply, skin and flesh heal naturally. Named Zhuhe San. (*Bacui Fang*)
Metal wounds with unceasing bleeding: Apply Wubeizi powder. If breath is blocked, take two qian (approx. 10g) of Wubeizi powder with a little Dragon Bone (Longgu) powder in water decoction. Immediate effect. (Tan Ye Weng Formula)
Beating injuries with swelling and pain: Remove the core of Wubeizi, soak in rice vinegar for one day, stir-fry slowly until yellow, grind into powder. Sprinkle dry powder. If not broken, mix with vinegar and apply. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)
Cracked hands and feet: Mix Wubeizi powder with ox marrow, fill into cracks. Brings relief immediately. (*Yifang Dacheng*)
Chicken bone stuck in throat: Sprinkle Wubeizi powder into the throat. Dissolves and goes down immediately. (*Haishang Mingfang*)
Pediatric rectal prolapse: Grind Wubeizi into powder. Roll Wubeizi powder with moxa wool into a cylinder, place in a chamber pot, cover with tile. Let the patient sit on the pot, light the medicine, and fumigate the anus with the smoke. The rectum will retract. Then apply Alum powder to the anus to tighten it, preventing recurrence.
Fish Mouth and Bi Du (inguinal bubo): Wubeizi amount unspecified. Store in a clean clay vessel, simmer with aged vinegar until paste. Spread on cotton cloth and apply. Change when dry. Cures in three to five applications.
Roast in fire ash until charred. Grind into powder, mix with wine and take.
Dyeing beard and hair black: *Shengji Zonglu*: Use eight liang (approx. 400g) of Iron Filings (Zhensha) soaked in rice vinegar for five days, stir-fried until slightly red, ground into powder. ... Decoction, two liang (approx. 100g) each of Wubeizi and Myrobalan (Moshizi), three liang (approx. 150g) of Chebulic Myrobalan Peel (Helile Pi). Grind each separately. First wash mustache/beard with soap pod water. Make buckwheat flour paste with rice vinegar, mix with iron filings powder, apply, wrap with lotus leaf, leave overnight, remove next day. Apply the four ingredients mixed with buckwheat paste, wash off after one day to turn black. *Xinglin Zhaiyao*: Grind one jin (approx. 500g) of Wubeizi into powder. Stir-fry in copper pot, do not let it clump. When smoke rises, lift and stir. Slowly stir-fry on low heat... to the desired degree. Wrap in wet blue cloth, tread into cakes, store for use. When needed, wash beard/hair with soap pod water. Use one liang (approx. 50g) of Wubeizi, one qian six fen (approx. 6g) of stir-fried red copper powder, six fen (approx. 3g) of raw alum, four fen (approx. 2g) of Chebulic Myrobalan flesh, four fen (approx. 2g) of Myrobalan, one fen (approx. 0.5g) of Realgar/Nitrum (Naosha). Grind into powder. Decoct Wumei (Dark Plum) and Acidic Pomegranate Peel. Mix evenly in a bowl, double-boil for forty to fifty boils until syrupy. Brush onto beard/hair with eyebrow comb, wash off after a short time, wrap up. Wash off next day, moisturize with walnut oil. Dye once every half month, very excellent.
Pufferfish poisoning: Equal parts of Wubeizi and Alum powder. Mix with water and take. (From *Shilin Guangji*)
Baiyao Jian (Hundred-Medicine Decoction)
[Processing] Li Shizhen said: Use Wubeizi coarsely ground. For every one jin (approx. 500g)... mix... place in a chaff vat... wait until it ferments like dough...
Zhao Jiming said: For medicinal use, pound ten jin (approx. 5kg) of fresh Wubeizi finely, place in a porcelain vat, cover with straw... add two liang (approx. 100g) each of Platycodon (Jiegeng) and Licorice Root (Gancao) powder, ferment for another seven days. Pound again... If dry, soak in water. Another method: One jin (approx. 500g) of Wubeizi, one liang (approx. 50g) of raw glutinous rice (soaked in boiling water), one liang (approx. 50g) of fine tea. Grind together, seal in a jar, ferment for six months, then one week. Open and mix. Another method: One jin (approx. 500g) of Wubeizi (ground), half a jin (approx. 250g) of yeast, one handful of fine tea (ground). Mix with Polygonum Setaceum juice, press tightly into a mortar, seal with long straw. Place another basket filled with straw, set the mortar inside, cover with straw, keep in a clean place. After one week, if long frost grows on the medicine, it is ready. Shape into pills or cakes, dry in sun for storage.
[Flavor and Properties] Sour, salty, slightly sweet, non-toxic.
[Indications] Clears lungs, transforms phlegm, stops cough, resolves heat, generates fluids, quenches thirst, absorbs dampness, resolves alcohol toxicity, blackens beard and hair, stops lower bleeding, treats chronic dysentery and rectal prolapse, loose teeth, facial/nasal gangrene, mouth/tongue erosion, and wind-dampness sores (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation]
Li Shizhen said: Baiyao Jian has the same efficacy as Wubeizi. However, after fermentation, its texture is light and void, its nature is floating and astringent, and it retains a lingering sweetness. It is particularly suitable for holding in the mouth to treat upper jiao heart-lung conditions, cough with phlegm-fluids, heat, and thirst.
[Attached Prescriptions] Twenty-one new prescriptions.
Astringe lung and arrest cough: Equal parts of Baiyao Jian, Chebulic Myrobalan (Helile), and Schizonepeta Spike (Jingjie Sui). Grind into powder. Mix with ginger juice and honey, make pills the size of Euryale Seed (Qianshi). Hold in mouth frequently. (*Danxi Xinfa*) Stop cough and transform phlegm: Equal parts of Baiyao Jian, sliced Scutellaria (Huangqin), Tangerine Peel (Juhong), and Licorice Root (Gancao). Grind into fine powder, make pills with steamed cake the size of mung beans. Swallow several dry pills occasionally, good. (*Binhu Yi'an*)
Clear qi and transform phlegm: One liang (approx. 50g) each of Baiyao Jian and Fine Tea, five qian (approx. 25g) of Schizonepeta Spike (Jingjie Sui), one qian (approx. 5g) of Cuttlebone (Haipiaoxiao). Make honey pills the size of Euryale Seed (Qianshi). Hold one pill in mouth each time. Excellent. (*Bifeng Zaxing*)
Dye beard and hair black: One liang (approx. 50g) of Sichuan Baiyao Jian, half a liang (approx. 25g) each of vinegar-stir-fried Iron Filings (Zhensha) and Buckwheat Flour. Wash beard/hair first, brush with vinegar boiled in lotus leaf, wrap in lotus leaf overnight, wash off to turn black. Excellent. (*Puji Fang*)
Wash hair and remove dirt: Sprinkle Baiyao Jian powder dry on hair, comb overnight. (Same source)
Clean teeth and blacken beard: Half a liang (approx. 25g) of Sichuan Baiyao Jian, three qian (approx. 15g) each of Corydalis (Yanhusuo) and Realgar (Xionghuang). Grind into powder. First rub teeth with mashed ginger to remove saliva, then use this powder to clean teeth, rinse eyes with saliva. Use daily. Very good. (*Puji Fang*)
Tooth pain radiating to head: Same formula as above.
Wind-heat toothache: Decoct Baiyao Jian in water, hold in mouth and gargle. (*Shengji Zonglu*)
Gangrenous erosion of gums: One and a half qian (approx. 7.5g) each of Baiyao Jian, Wubeizi, and Green Salt (Qingyan)... one qian (approx. 5g) of Verdigris (Tongqing). Grind into powder. Sprinkle two or three times daily. Divine effect. (*Puji Fang*)
Refining eyebrow sores/tinea: Infant facial acne, also called refining silver sore, caused by mother consuming spicy/sour toxic substances during pregnancy. Use five qian (approx. 25g) of Baiyao Jian, two qian (approx. 10g) of raw alum. Grind into powder, mix with oil and apply. (*Waike Jingyi*)
Calf sores: Starts like millet grains, unbearable itching, spreads into patches wrapping around ankles, oozing yellow fluid, becomes chronic disease.