（《纲目》）
【释名】急性子（《救荒》）、旱珍珠（《纲目
、夹竹桃（《救荒》）、海 （《音纳》）、
时珍曰∶其花头翅尾足，俱翘翘然如凤状，故以名之。女人采其花及叶包染指甲，其实
状如小桃，老则迸裂，故有指甲、急性、小桃诸名。宋光宗李后讳凤，宫中呼为好女儿花。
张宛丘呼为菊婢。韦君呼为羽客。
【集解】时珍曰∶凤仙人家多种之，极易生。二月下子，五月可再种。苗高二、三尺，
茎有红、白二色，其大如指，中空而脆。叶长而尖，似桃柳叶而有锯齿。丫间开花，或黄或
白，或红或紫，或碧或杂色，亦自变易，状如飞禽，自夏初至秋尽，开谢相续。结实累然，
大如樱桃，其形微长，色如毛桃，生青熟黄，犯之即自裂，皮卷如拳，苞中有子似萝卜子而
小，褐色。人采其肥茎 KT ，以充莴笋。嫩华酒，浸一宿，亦可食。但此草不生虫蠹，
蜂蝶亦不近，恐亦不能无毒也。
子
【气味】微苦，温，有小毒。
【主治】产难，积块噎膈，下骨哽，透骨通窍（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶凤仙子其性急速，故能透骨软坚。庖人烹鱼肉硬者，投数粒即易软烂，
是
【附方】新五。
产难催生∶凤仙子二钱，研末。水服，勿近牙。外以蓖麻子，随年数捣涂足心。（《集简
方》）
噎食不下∶凤仙花子酒浸三宿，晒干为末，酒丸绿豆大。每服八粒，温酒下。不可多用，
即急性子也。（《摘玄方》）
咽中骨哽，欲死者∶白凤仙子研水一大呷，以竹筒灌入咽，其物即软。不可近牙。或为
末吹之。（《普济方》）
牙齿欲取∶金凤花子研末，入砒少许，点疼牙根，取之。（《摘玄方》）
小儿痞积∶急性子、水荭花子、大黄各一两，俱生研末。每味取五钱，外用皮硝一两拌
匀。将白鹁鸽一个，或白鸭亦可，去毛屎，剖腹，勿犯水，以布拭净，将末装入内，用绵扎
定，沙锅内入水三碗，重重纸封，以小火煮干，将鸽鸭翻调焙黄色，冷定。早辰食之，日西
时疾软，三日大便下血，病去矣。忌冷物百日。（孙天仁《集效方》）
花
【气味】甘、滑，温，无毒。
【主治】蛇伤，擂酒服即解。又治腰胁引痛不可忍者，研饼晒干为末，空心每酒服三钱，
活血消积（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
风湿卧床不起∶用金凤花、柏子仁、朴硝、木瓜煎汤洗浴，每日二、三次。内服独活寄
生汤。（吴 《扶寿精方》）
根、叶
【气味】苦、甘、辛，有小毒。
【主治】鸡鱼骨哽，误吞铜铁，杖扑肿痛，散血通经，软坚透骨（时珍）。
【附方】新三。
咽喉物哽∶金凤花根嚼烂噙咽，骨自下，鸡骨尤效。即以温水漱口，免损齿也。亦治误
吞铜铁。（危氏《得效方》）
打杖肿痛∶风仙花叶捣如泥，涂肿破处，干则又上，一夜血散，即愈。冬月收取干者研
末，水和涂之。（叶廷器《通变要法》）
马患诸病∶白凤仙花连根叶熬膏。遇马有病，抹其眼四角上，即汗出而愈。（《卫生易简
方》）
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】急性子（出自《救荒本草》）、旱珍珠（出自《本草纲目》）、夹竹桃（出自《救荒本草》）、海[缺字]（出自《音纳》）。
李时珍说：它的花头、翅膀、尾巴和脚，都高高翘起像凤凰的样子，所以用这个来命名。女人采集它的花和叶子包裹染指甲，它的果实形状像小桃子，老了就会爆裂，所以有指甲花、急性子、小桃等名字。宋光宗的李皇后避讳“凤”字，宫中称它为好女儿花。张宛丘称它为菊婢。韦君称它为羽客。
【集解】李时珍说：凤仙人在人家多种植，极易生长。二月下种，五月可以再种。苗高二三尺，茎有红、白两种颜色，粗细如手指，中间空心且脆。叶子长而尖，像桃柳叶但有锯齿。枝丫间开花，或黄或白，或红或紫，或碧色或杂色，也会自行变化，形状像飞禽，从夏初到秋末，花开花落相继不断。结出的果实累累，大小如樱桃，形状微长，颜色像毛桃，生时青色熟时黄色，碰到它就会自己裂开，皮卷曲如拳头，苞中有种子像萝卜籽但较小，褐色。人们采摘它肥嫩的茎，用来充当莴笋食用。嫩花用酒浸泡一晚，也可以吃。但这种草不生虫蛀，蜂蝶也不靠近，恐怕也是有毒的。
【气味】味微苦，性温，有小毒。
【主治】难产，积聚痞块，噎膈，骨鲠在喉，透骨通窍（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：凤仙子的药性急速，所以能透骨软坚。厨师烹煮硬的鱼肉时，投入几粒就能容易软烂，这是因为它的作用。
【附方】新收五首。
难产催生：凤仙子二钱，研成粉末。用水送服，注意不要接触牙齿。外用蓖麻子，按患者年龄数捣碎涂于足心。（《集简方》）
噎食不下：凤仙花子（即急性子）用酒浸泡三晚，晒干研成粉末，用酒做成绿豆大的丸剂。每次服用八粒，温酒送下。不可多用。（《摘玄方》）
咽中骨鲠，欲死：白凤仙子研碎加水一大口，用竹筒灌入咽喉，骨头即变软。不可接触牙齿。或研成粉末吹入。（《普济方》）
牙齿欲取：金凤花子研成粉末，加入少许砒霜，点涂在疼痛的牙根处，以取出牙齿。（《摘玄方》）
小儿痞积：急性子、水荭花子、大黄各一两，均生研成粉末。每味取五钱，外用皮硝一两拌匀。将一只白鹁鸽，或者白鸭也可以，去毛和粪便，剖腹，不要沾水，用布擦干净，将药末装入体内，用棉线扎紧，放入沙锅中加三碗水，层层用纸封口，用小火煮干，将鸽或鸭翻过来焙至黄色，冷却定形。早晨食用，傍晚病邪软化，三天后大便下血，病就好了。忌食冷物一百天。（孙天仁《集效方》）
花
【气味】味甘、滑，性温，无毒。
【主治】蛇咬伤，研磨后饮酒服用即可解毒。又治腰胁牵引疼痛不可忍受者，研成饼状晒干为粉末，空腹时每次用酒送服三钱，活血消积（李时珍）。
【附方】新收一首。
风湿卧床不起：用金凤花、柏子仁、朴硝、木瓜煎汤洗浴，每日两三次。内服独活寄生汤。（吴崑《扶寿精方》）
根、叶
【气味】味苦、甘、辛，有小毒。
【主治】鸡鱼骨鲠，误吞铜铁，杖打肿痛，散血通经，软坚透骨（李时珍）。
【附方】新收三首。
咽喉物哽：金凤花根嚼烂含咽，骨头自然下行，鸡骨尤其有效。随即用温水漱口，以免损伤牙齿。也治误吞铜铁。（危亦林《得效方》）
打杖肿痛：凤仙花叶捣成泥，涂于肿破处，干了再涂，一夜血散即愈。冬天收取干燥的研成粉末，用水调和涂抹。（叶廷器《通变要法》）
马患诸病：白凤仙花连根叶熬膏。遇到马有病，涂抹其眼睛四角上，即出汗而愈。（《卫生易简方》）
(From *Bencao Gangmu* / Compendium of Materia Medica)
**Names**: Jixingzi (Acute Seed, from *Jiuhuang Bencao*), Hanzhenzhu (Dry Pearl, from *Bencao Gangmu*), Jiataotao (Oleander, from *Jiuhuang Bencao*), Hai [missing character] (from *Yinna*).
Li Shizhen said: The head, wings, tail, and feet of its flower all stand erect like a phoenix, hence the name. Women collect its flowers and leaves to wrap and dye their fingernails. Its fruit resembles a small peach; when mature, it bursts open, hence the names Zhijia (Fingernail Flower), Jixingzi (Acute Seed), and Xiaotao (Small Peach). During the reign of Emperor Guangzong of Song, Empress Li avoided the character "Feng" (Phoenix), so the palace called it Haonv'er Hua (Good Daughter Flower). Zhang Wanqiu called it Juban (Chrysanthemum Maid). Wei Jun called it Yuke (Feathered Guest).
**Collection and Explanation**: Li Shizhen said: Phoenix flower is widely cultivated in households and grows very easily. Seeds are sown in February, and replanting can be done in May. The seedlings grow two or three chi high. The stem has red or white colors, as thick as a finger, hollow and brittle inside. The leaves are long and pointed, resembling peach or willow leaves but with serrated edges. Flowers bloom among the branches, varying in yellow, white, red, purple, green, or mixed colors, changing naturally, resembling flying birds. From early summer to late autumn, blooming and fading continue sequentially. The fruits hang in clusters, cherry-sized, slightly elongated, colored like fuzzy peaches, green when raw and yellow when ripe. Upon contact, they burst spontaneously; the skin curls like a fist, containing seeds similar to radish seeds but smaller, brown in color. People harvest its fleshy stems to substitute for lettuce. Young flowers soaked in wine overnight are also edible. However, this plant does not harbor insects or pests, and bees and butterflies do not approach it, suggesting it may possess some toxicity.
**Flavor and Properties**: Slightly bitter, warm, slightly toxic.
**Indications**: Dystocia (difficult labor), accumulations and masses, dysphagia (globus hystericus/obstruction), bone splinters stuck in the throat, penetrating bones and opening orifices (Li Shizhen).
**Elucidation**: Li Shizhen said: The nature of Fengxianzi (Phlox drummondii seed) is rapid and urgent, thus it can penetrate bones and soften hardness. When cooks boil tough fish or meat, adding a few seeds makes them soft and tender easily, demonstrating this effect.
**Attached Prescriptions**: Five new prescriptions.
*Dystocia promoting delivery*: 2 qian of Fengxianzi, ground into powder. Take with water, avoiding contact with teeth. Externally, apply crushed Ricinus communis seeds (Bimazi) to the sole of the foot according to the patient's age in years. (*Jijian Fang*)
*Food obstruction unable to swallow*: Soak Fengxian flower seeds (i.e., Jixingzi) in wine for three nights, dry and grind into powder. Make pills the size of mung beans. Take 8 pills each time with warm wine. Do not use excessively. (*Zhaixuan Fang*)
*Bone splinter in throat, near death*: Grind white Fengxianzi with water to make a large mouthful. Pour into the throat using a bamboo tube; the object will soften. Avoid contact with teeth. Alternatively, grind into powder and insufflate. (*Puji Fang*)
*Tooth extraction*: Grind Jinfeng flower seeds into powder, add a small amount of arsenic trioxide (Pi), and apply to the root of the painful tooth to extract it. (*Zhaixuan Fang*)
*Pediatric abdominal mass*: Jixingzi, Honghuaizi (Sida rhombifolia seed), and Dahuang (Rhubarb) each 1 liang, all raw-ground into powder. Take 5 qian of each ingredient, mix evenly with 1 liang of Mirabilite (Piaoxiao). Take one white pigeon, or a white duck, remove feathers and feces, eviscerate without water contact, wipe clean with cloth. Stuff the powder inside, tie tightly with cotton thread. Place in a clay pot with three bowls of water, seal layers with paper, simmer on low heat until dry. Turn the bird over and bake until yellow. Cool down. Eat in the morning; by evening the pathology softens, and after three days blood passes in stool, curing the disease. Avoid cold foods for 100 days. (Sun Tianren, *Jixiao Fang*)
**Flower**
**Flavor and Properties**: Sweet, slippery, warm, non-toxic.
**Indications**: Snake bites; grinding and taking with wine resolves toxicity. Also treats unbearable pain radiating from the waist and hypochondrium; grind into cakes, dry, and powder. Take 3 qian with wine on an empty stomach to invigorate blood and resolve accumulations (Li Shizhen).
**Attached Prescriptions**: One new prescription.
*Rheumatism bedridden*: Decoct Jinfeng flower, Baiziren (Biota seed), Puxiao (Mirabilite), and Mugua (Chaenomeles fruit) for bathing, twice or thrice daily. Internally take Duhuo Jisheng Tang. (Wu Kun, *Fushou Jingfang*)
**Root and Leaves**
**Flavor and Properties**: Bitter, sweet, acrid, slightly toxic.
**Indications**: Chicken or fish bone splinters, accidental swallowing of copper or iron, swelling and pain from beating, dispersing blood and unblocking meridians, softening hardness and penetrating bones (Li Shizhen).
**Attached Prescriptions**: Three new prescriptions.
*Foreign body stuck in throat*: Chew Jinfeng flower root thoroughly and swallow; the bone will descend naturally, especially effective for chicken bones. Rinse mouth with warm water immediately to avoid damaging teeth. Also treats accidental swallowing of copper or iron. (Wei Yilin, *Defang*)
*Swelling and pain from beating*: Crush Fengxian flower leaves into mud, apply to swollen or broken areas. Reapply when dry. Blood disperses overnight, leading to recovery. In winter, collect dried leaves, grind into powder, mix with water, and apply. (Ye Tingqi, *Tongbian Yaofa*)
*Equine diseases*: Boil white Fengxian flower with roots and leaves into an ointment. When a horse is ill, apply to the four corners of its eyes; sweating occurs and the horse recovers. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)