（《本经》中品）
【校正】并入《拾遗》旱藕。
【释名】牡蒙（弘景）、黄孙（《别录》）、黄昏（《别录》）、旱藕。普曰∶楚名王孙。齐
名长孙，又名海孙。吴名白功章，又名蔓延。时珍曰∶紫参一名牡蒙，木部合欢一名黄昏，
皆与此名同物异。
【集解】《别录》曰∶王孙，生海西川谷，及汝南城郭垣下。普曰∶蔓延赤文，茎叶相
当。
弘景曰∶今方家皆呼为黄昏，云牡蒙，市人少识者。恭曰∶按∶陈延之《短剧方》，述
本草牡蒙一名王孙。徐之才《药对》有牡蒙，无王孙。此则一物明矣。牡蒙叶似及己而大，
根长尺余，皮肉皆紫色。藏器曰∶旱藕生太行山中，状如藕。时珍曰∶王孙叶生颠顶，似紫
河车叶。按神农及《吴普本草》，紫参一名牡蒙。陶弘景亦曰，今方家呼紫参为牡蒙。其王
孙并无牡蒙之名，而陶氏于王孙下乃云∶又名牡蒙，且无形状。唐苏恭始以紫参、牡蒙为二
物，谓紫参叶似羊蹄，王孙叶似及己。但古方所用牡蒙，皆为紫参；后人所用牡蒙，乃王孙
非紫参也。不可不辨。唐玄宗时隐民姜抚上言∶终南山有旱藕，饵之延年，状类葛粉。帝取
作汤饼，赐大臣。右骁骑将军甘守诚曰∶旱藕者，牡蒙也，方家久不用，抚易名以神之尔。
据此牡蒙乃王孙也。盖紫参止治血证积聚疟痢；而王孙主五脏邪气痹痛，疗百病之文，自
可推也。苏恭引《短剧方》牡蒙所主之证，乃紫参，非王孙，故今移附紫参之下。
根
【气味】苦，平，无毒。普曰∶神农、雷公∶苦，无毒；黄帝∶甘。藏器曰∶旱藕
∶甘，平，无毒。
【主治】五脏邪气，寒湿痹，四肢疼酸，膝冷痛（《本经》）。疗百病，益气（《别录》）
。旱藕∶主长生不饥，黑毛发（藏器）。
（收录于《神农本草经》中品）
【校正】并入《本草拾遗》中的旱藕。
【释名】牡蒙（陶弘景）、黄孙（《名医别录》）、黄昏（《名医别录》）、旱藕。吴普说：楚地叫它王孙。齐地叫它长孙，又名海孙。吴地叫它白功章，又名蔓延。李时珍说：紫参一名牡蒙，木部的合欢一名黄昏，这些都与此处记载的名称相同但实物不同。
【集解】《名医别录》说：王孙，生长在海西的川谷，以及汝南城的城墙下。吴普说：茎叶蔓延，有红色的纹理，茎和叶大小相当。
陶弘景说：现在的方书医生都叫它黄昏，说是牡蒙，市场上的人很少认识。苏恭说：查考陈延之的《短剧方》，叙述本草中牡蒙一名王孙。徐之才的《药对》中有牡蒙，没有王孙。这 clearly 是一物。牡蒙的叶子像及己但更大，根长一尺多，皮肉都是紫色。孟诜说：旱藕生长在太行山中，形状像藕。李时珍说：王孙的叶子生在顶端，像紫河车的叶子。查考神农及《吴普本草》，紫参一名牡蒙。陶弘景也说，现在的方书医生叫紫参为牡蒙。这里的王孙并没有牡蒙这个名字，而陶氏在王孙下面却说：又名牡蒙，且没有描述形状。唐代苏恭开始把紫参、牡蒙分为两物，说紫参叶子像羊蹄，王孙叶子像及己。但是古方所用的牡蒙，都是紫参；后人所用的牡蒙，乃是王孙而非紫参。不可不辨别清楚。唐玄宗时期隐士姜抚上书说：终南山有旱藕，服用它可以延年益寿，形状类似葛粉。皇帝取来做成汤饼，赐给大臣。右骁骑将军甘守诚说：旱藕就是牡蒙，方书医生很久不用了，姜抚改换名字来神化它罢了。根据这一点，牡蒙就是王孙。大概紫参只治疗血证积聚疟痢；而王孙主治五脏邪气痹痛，治疗百病的功效，自然可以推知。苏恭引用的《短剧方》中牡蒙所主治的病症，乃是紫参，不是王孙，所以现在将其移附在紫参之下。
根
【气味】苦，平，无毒。吴普说：神农、雷公认为苦，无毒；黄帝认为甘。孟诜说：旱藕：甘，平，无毒。
【主治】五脏邪气，寒湿痹，四肢疼酸，膝冷痛（《神农本草经》）。治疗百病，益气（《名医别录》）。旱藕：主治长生不饥，黑头发（孟诜）。
(Recorded in the Middle Category of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Correction] Merged with *Hanyou* (Dried Lotus Root) from *Bencao Shiyi*.
[Names] Mumeng (Tao Hongjing), Huangsun (*Mingyi Bie Lu*), Hunghun (*Mingyi Bie Lu*), Hanyou. Wu Pu said: In Chu, it is called Wangsun. In Qi, it is called Changsun, also known as Haishen. In Wu, it is called Baigongzhang, also known as Manyan. Li Shizhen said: Zishen is also named Mumeng; Hehuan in the Wood section is also named Hunghun. These share the same names but are different substances.
[Collection and Explanation] *Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Wangsun grows in the rivers and valleys of Haixi, and beneath the city walls of Runan. Wu Pu said: It spreads with red patterns on stems and leaves, which are proportional in size.
Tao Hongjing said: Physicians today all call it Hunghun, claiming it is Mumeng, but few people in the market recognize it. Su Gong said: According to Chen Yanzhi's *Duanju Fang*, Mumeng in the Materia Medica is also named Wangsun. Xu Zhicai's *Yaodui* contains Mumeng but not Wangsun. This clearly indicates they are one substance. The leaves of Mumeng resemble Ji Ji (*Saposhnikovia divaricata*) but are larger; the root is over a chi long, with purple skin and flesh. Meng Shen said: Hanyou grows in the Taihang Mountains, resembling lotus root. Li Shizhen said: Wangsun leaves grow at the apex, resembling the leaves of Ziheche (*Placenta Hominis*). Consulting Shennong and *Wu Pu Bencao*, Zishen is also named Mumeng. Tao Hongjing also stated that physicians today call Zishen Mumeng. However, Wangsun here does not bear the name Mumeng, yet Tao added under Wangsun: "also named Mumeng," without describing its shape. In the Tang Dynasty, Su Gong began to distinguish Zishen and Mumeng as two different substances, stating that Zishen leaves resemble those of Yangti (*Rumex japonicus*), while Wangsun leaves resemble those of Ji Ji. But the Mumeng used in ancient prescriptions was always Zishen; the Mumeng used by later generations was actually Wangsun, not Zishen. This distinction must not be overlooked. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, the recluse Jiang Fu submitted a memorial stating: There is Hanyou in Mount Zhongnan; consuming it extends life, and it resembles kudzu powder. The Emperor had it made into noodle soup and bestowed it upon high ministers. General Gan Shoucheng of Youxiaoqi said: Hanyou is Mumeng. Physicians have long abandoned its use, and Jiang Fu changed its name to mystify it. Based on this, Mumeng is indeed Wangsun. Generally, Zishen only treats blood disorders, accumulations, malaria, and dysentery; whereas Wangsun primarily treats pathogenic qi in the five zang organs and bi-syndrome pain. Its efficacy in treating hundred diseases can be inferred accordingly. Su Gong cited the indications for Mumeng from *Duanju Fang*, which actually pertain to Zishen, not Wangsun. Therefore, it is now moved and attached under Zishen.
Root
[Flavor and Toxicity] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Wu Pu said: Shennong and Lei Gong considered it bitter and non-toxic; the Yellow Emperor considered it sweet. Meng Shen said: Hanyou: Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Pathogenic qi in the five zang organs, cold-damp bi-syndrome, soreness and acidity in the four limbs, cold pain in the knees (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats hundred diseases, tonifies qi (*Mingyi Bie Lu*). Hanyou: Mainly treats longevity without hunger, and blackens hair (Meng Shen).