（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶石瓜出四川峨眉山中及芒部地方。其树修干，树
状似桑。其花浅黄色。结实如缀，长而不圆，壳裂则子见，其形似瓜，其坚如石，煮液黄色。
【气味】苦，平，微毒。
【主治】心痛。煎汁，洗风痹（时珍）。
（灌木类五十一种）
（《本经》中品）
【释名】子名椹。
时珍曰∶徐锴《说文解字》云∶ ，音若，东方自然神木之名，其字象形。桑乃蚕所食，
异于东方自然之神木，故加木于 下而别之。《典术》云∶桑乃箕星之精。
【集解】颂曰∶方书称桑之功最神，在人资用尤多。《尔雅》云∶桑辨有葚者栀。又云∶
女桑， 桑。 桑，山桑。郭璞云∶辨，半也。葚与椹同。一半有椹，一半无椹，名栀。俗
间呼桑之小而条长者，皆为女桑。其山桑似桑，材中弓弩； 桑，丝中琴瑟，皆材之美者也
，他木鲜及之。
桑，叶尖而长。以子种者，不若压条而分者。桑生黄衣，谓之金桑，其木必将槁矣。《种树
书》云∶桑以构接则桑大。桑根下埋龟甲，则茂盛不蛀。
桑根白皮
【修治】《别录》曰∶采无时。出土上者杀人。
弘景曰∶东行桑根乃易得，而江边多出土，不可轻信。
时珍曰∶古本草言桑根见地上者名马领，有毒杀人。旁行出土者名伏蛇，亦有毒而治心
痛。故吴淑《事类赋》云∶伏蛇疗疾，马领杀人。
曰∶凡使，采十年以上向东畔嫩根，铜刀刮去青黄薄皮一重，取里白皮切，焙干用。
其皮中涎勿去之，药力俱在其上也。忌铁及铅。或云∶木之白皮亦可用。煮汁染褐色，久不
落。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。权曰∶平。
大明曰∶温。
元素曰∶苦、酸。
杲曰∶甘、辛，寒。可升可降，阳中阴也。
好古曰∶甘浓而辛薄，入手太阴经。
之才曰∶续断、桂心、麻子为之使。
【主治】伤中，五劳六极，羸瘦，崩中绝脉，补虚益气（《本经》）。去肺中水气，唾血
热渴，水肿腹满胪胀，利水道，去寸白，可以缝金疮（《别录》）。治肺气喘满，虚劳客热头
痛，内补不足（甄权）。煮汁饮，利五脏。入散用，下一切风气水气（孟诜）。调中下气，消
痰止渴，开胃下食，杀腹脏虫，止霍乱吐泻。研汁，治小儿天吊惊痫客忤，及敷鹅口疮，大
验
【发明】杲曰∶桑白皮，甘以固元气之不足而补虚，辛以泻肺气之有余而止嗽。又云∶
桑白皮泻肺，然性不纯良，不宜多用。
时珍曰∶桑白皮长于利小水，乃实则泻其子也，故肺中有水气及肺火有余者宜之。十剂
云∶燥可去湿，桑白皮、赤小豆之属是矣。宋医钱乙治肺气热盛，咳嗽而后喘，面肿身热，
泻白散∶用桑白皮（炒）一两，地骨皮（焙）一两，甘草（炒）半两。每服一、二钱，入粳
米百粒，
水煎，食后温服。桑白皮、地骨皮皆能泻火从小便去，甘草泻火而缓中，粳米清肺而养血，
此乃泻肺诸方之准绳也。元医罗天益言其泻肺中伏火而补正气，泻邪所以补正也。若肺虚而
小便利者，不宜用之。
颂曰∶桑白皮作线缝金疮肠出，更以热鸡血涂之。唐·安金藏剖腹，用此法而愈。
【附方】旧九，新五。
咳嗽吐血，甚者殷鲜∶桑根白皮一斤，米泔浸三宿，刮去黄皮，锉细，入糯米四两，焙
干为末。每服一钱，米饮下。（《经验方》）。
消渴尿多∶入地三尺桑根，剥取白皮，炙黄黑，锉。以水煮浓汁，随意饮之。亦可入少
米，勿用盐。（《肘后方》）。
产后下血∶炙桑白皮，煮水饮之。（《肘后方》）。
血露不绝∶锯截桑根，取屑五指撮，以醇酒服之，日三服。（《肘后方》）。
坠马拗损∶桑根白皮五斤为末，水一升煎膏，敷之便止。已后亦无宿血，终不发动。（《经
验后方》）。
金刃伤疮∶新桑白皮，烧灰，和马粪涂疮上，数易之。亦可煮汁服之。（《广利方》）。
杂物眯眼∶新桑根白皮洗净捶烂，入眼，拨之自出。（《圣惠方
发鬓堕落∶桑白皮（锉）二升。以水淹浸，煮五、六沸，去滓，频频洗沐，自不落也。
（《千金方》）。
发槁不泽∶桑根白皮、柏叶各一斤，煎汁沐之即润。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿重舌∶桑根白皮煮汁，涂乳上饮之。（《子母秘录》）。
小儿流涎∶脾热也，胸膈有痰。新桑根白皮，捣自然汁涂之，甚效。干者煎水。（《圣惠
方》）
小儿天吊，惊痫客忤∶家桑东行根取研汁服。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿火丹∶桑根白皮，煮汁浴之。或为末，羊膏和涂之。（《千金方》）。
石痈坚硬不作脓者∶蜀桑白皮阴干为末，烊胶和酒调敷，以软为度。（《千金方》）。
皮中白汁
【主治】小儿口疮白漫漫，拭净涂之便愈。又涂金刃所伤燥痛，须臾血止，仍以白皮裹
之，甚良（苏颂）。涂蛇、蜈蚣、蜘蛛伤，有验
【附方】旧一，新三。
小儿鹅口∶桑白皮汁，和胡粉涂之。（《子母秘录》）。
小儿唇肿∶桑木汁涂之，即愈。（《圣惠方》）。
解百毒瓦斯∶桑白汁一合，服之，须臾吐利自出。（《肘后方》）。
破伤中风∶桑沥、好酒，对和温服，以醉为度。醒服消风散。（《
桑椹（一名文武实）
【主治】单食，止消渴（苏恭）。利五脏关节，通血气。久服不饥，安魂镇神，令人聪
明，
变白不老。多收曝干为末，蜜丸日服（藏器）。捣汁饮，解中酒毒。酿酒服，利水气消肿（时
珍）。
【发明】宗 曰∶《本经》言桑甚详，然独遗乌椹，桑之精英尽在于此。采摘微研，以
布滤汁，石器熬成稀膏，量多少入蜜熬稠，贮瓷器中。每抄一、二钱，食后、夜卧，以沸汤
点服。治服金石发热口渴，生精神及小肠热，其性微凉故也。《仙方》晒干为末，蜜和为丸，
酒服亦良。
时珍曰∶椹有乌、白二种。杨氏《产乳》云∶孩子不得与桑椹，令儿心寒，而陆机《诗
疏》云∶鸠食桑椹多则醉伤其性，何耶？《四民月令》云∶四月宜饮桑椹酒，能理百种风热。
其法用椹汁三斗，重汤煮至一斗半，入白蜜二合，酥油一两，生姜一合，煮令得所，瓶收。
每服一合，和酒饮之。亦可以汁熬烧酒，藏之经年，味力愈佳。史言魏武帝军乏食，得干椹
以济饥。金
【附方】旧一，新七。
水肿胀满∶水不下则满溢，水下则虚竭还胀，十无一活，宜用桑椹酒治之。桑心皮切，
以水二斗，煮汁一斗，入桑椹再煮，取五升，以糯饭五升，酿酒饮。（《
瘰 结核∶文武膏∶用文武实（即桑葚子）二斗（黑熟者），以布取汁，银、石器熬成
薄膏。每白汤调服一匙，日三服。（《保命集》）。
诸骨哽咽∶红椹子细嚼，先咽汁，后咽滓，新水送下。干者亦可。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿赤秃∶桑椹取汁，频服。（《千金方》）。
小儿白秃∶黑葚入罂中曝三七日，化为水，洗之，三七日神效。（《圣济录》）。
拔白变黑∶黑葚一斤，蝌蚪一斤，瓶盛封闭，悬屋东头一百日，尽化为黑泥，以染白发
如漆。（陈藏器《本草》）。
发白不生∶黑熟桑椹，水浸日晒，搽涂，令黑而复生也。（《千金方》）。
阴症腹痛∶桑椹绢包风干，过伏天，为末。每服三钱，热酒下，取汗。（《集简方》）。
叶
【气味】苦、甘，寒，有小毒。
大明曰∶家桑叶∶暖，无毒。
【主治】除寒热，出汗（《本经》）。汁，解蜈蚣毒（《别录》）。煎浓汁服，能除香港脚水
肿，利大小肠（苏恭）。炙熟煎饮，代茶止渴（孟诜）。煎饮，利五脏，通关节，下气。嫩叶
煎酒服，治一切风。蒸熟捣， 风痛出汗，并扑损瘀血。 烂，涂蛇、虫伤（大明）。研汁，
治
金疮及小儿吻疮。煎汁服，止霍乱腹痛吐下，亦可以干叶煮之。鸡桑叶，煮汁熬膏服，去老
风及宿血（藏器）。治劳热咳嗽，明目长发（时珍）。
【发明】颂曰∶桑叶可常服。神仙服食方∶以四月桑茂盛时采叶。又十月霜后三分，二
分已落时，一分在者，名神仙叶，即采取，与前叶同阴干捣末，丸、散任服，或煎水代茶饮
之。又霜后叶煮汤，淋渫手足，去风痹殊胜。又微炙和桑衣煎服，治痢及金疮诸损伤，止血。
震亨曰∶经霜桑叶研末，米饮服，止盗汗。
时珍曰∶桑叶乃手、足阳明之药，汁煎代茗，能止消渴。
【附方】旧二，新十一。
青盲洗法∶昔武胜军宋仲孚患此二十年，用此法，二年目明如故。新采青桑叶阴干，
月按日就地上烧存性。每以一合，于瓷器内煎减二分，倾出澄清，温热洗目，至百度，屡试
有验。正月初八，二月初八，三月初六，四月初四，五月初五，六月初二，七月初七，八月
二十，九月十二，十月十七，十一月初二，十二月三十。（《普济方》）。
风眼下泪∶腊月不落桑叶煎汤，日日温洗。或入芒硝。（《集简方》）。
赤眼涩痛∶桑叶为末，纸卷烧烟熏鼻取效，《海上方》也。（《普济方》）。
头发不长∶桑叶、麻叶煮泔水沐之，七次可长数尺。（《千金方》）。
吐血不止∶晚桑叶焙研，凉茶服三钱。只一服止，后用补肝肺药。（《圣济总录》）。
小儿渴疾∶桑叶不拘多少，逐片染生蜜，线系蒂上，绷，阴干。细切，煎汁日饮代茶。
（
霍乱转筋，入腹烦闷∶桑叶一握，煎饮，一、二服立定。（《圣惠方》）。
大肠脱肛∶黄皮桑树叶三升，水煎过，带温罨纳之。（《仁斋直指方》）。
肺毒风疮，状如大风∶绿云散∶用好桑叶。净洗，蒸熟（一宿候），晒干，为末。水调
二钱匕服。（《经验后方》）。
痈口不敛∶经霜黄桑叶，为末。敷之。（《直指方》）。
穿掌肿毒∶新桑叶研烂， 之即愈。（《通玄论》）。
汤火伤疮∶经霜桑叶（烧存性，）为末，油和敷之。三日愈。（《医学正传》）。
手足麻木不知痛痒∶霜降后桑叶煎汤，频洗。（《救急方》）
枝
【气味】苦，平。
【主治】遍体风痒干燥，水气、香港脚、风气，四肢拘挛，上气眼晕，肺气咳嗽，消食利
小便。久服轻身，聪明耳目，令人光泽。疗口干及痈疽后渴，用嫩条细切一升，熬香煎饮，
亦无禁忌。久服，终身不患偏风（苏颂。出《近效方》，名桑枝煎。一法∶用花桑枝寸锉，
炒香，瓦器煮减一半，再入银器，重汤熬减一半。或入少蜜亦可）。
【发明】颂曰∶桑枝不冷不热，可以常服。《抱朴子》言∶《仙经》云∶一切仙药，不得
桑煎不服。
时珍曰∶煎药用桑者，取其能利关节，除风寒湿痹诸痛也。观《灵枢经》治寒痹内热，
用桂酒法，以桑炭炙布巾，熨痹处；治口僻用马膏法，以桑钩钩其口，及坐桑灰上，皆取此
意也。又痈疽发背不起发，或瘀肉不腐溃，及阴疮、瘰 、流注、 疮、顽疮、恶疮久不愈
者，用桑木炙法，未溃则拔毒止痛，已溃则补接阳气，亦取桑通关节，去风寒，火性畅达，
出郁毒之意。其法以干桑木劈成细片，扎作小把，然火吹息，炙患处。每吹炙片时，以瘀肉
腐动为度，内服补托药，诚良方也。又按∶赵 《养 漫笔》云∶越州一学录少年苦嗽，百
药不效。或令用南向柔桑条一束，每条寸折纳锅中，以水五碗，煎至一碗，盛瓦器中，渴即
饮之，服一月而愈。此亦桑枝煎变法尔。
【附方】旧二，新四。
服食变白，久服通血气，利五脏∶鸡桑嫩枝，阴干为末，蜜和作丸。每日酒服六十丸。
（《圣惠方》）。
水气香港脚∶桑条二两，炒香，以水一升，煎二合。每日空心服之，亦无禁忌。（《圣济
总录》）。
风热臂痛∶桑枝一小升切炒。水三升，煎二升，一日服尽。许叔微云∶尝病臂痛，诸
药不效，服此数剂寻愈。观《本草切用》及《图经》言其不冷不热，可以常服；《抱朴子》
言∶一
解中蛊毒∶令人腹内坚痛，面黄青色，淋露骨立，病变不常。桑木心（锉）一斛，着釜中，
以水淹令上有三寸，煮取二斗，澄清，微火煎得五升。空心服五合，则吐蛊毒出也。（《肘
后方》）。
刺伤手足，犯露水肿痛，多杀人∶以桑枝三条， 火炮热，断之，以头熨疮上令热，冷
即易之，尽三条则疮自
紫白癜风∶桑枝十斤，益母草三斤。水五斗，慢火煮至五斤，去滓再煎成膏。每卧时温酒调
服半合，以愈为度。
桑柴灰
【气味】辛，寒，有小毒。
【主治】蒸淋取汁为煎，与冬灰等分，同灭痣疵黑子，蚀恶肉。煮小豆食，大下水胀。
敷金疮，止血生肌（苏恭）。桑霜，治噎食积块（时珍）。
【附方】旧五，新六。
目赤肿痛∶桑灰一两。黄连半两，为末。每以一钱泡汤，澄清洗之。（《圣济总录》）。
洗青盲眼∶正月八，二月八，三月六，四月四，五月五，六月二，七月七，八月二十，
九月十二，十月十七，十一月二十六，十二月三十日。每遇上件神日，用桑柴灰一合，煎汤
沃之，于瓷器中，澄取极清，稍热洗之。如冷即重汤顿温，不住手洗。久久视物如鹰鹘也。
（《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：石瓜出产于四川峨眉山中以及芒部地方。它的树干修长，树形形状像桑树。它的花是浅黄色的。果实结得像悬挂着一样，长而不圆，壳裂开后种子显露出来，形状像瓜，质地坚硬如石头，煮出的液体呈黄色。
【气味】味苦，性平，微毒。
（灌木类五十一种）
（《神农本草经》列为中品）
【释名】果实的名字叫椹。
李时珍说：徐锴在《说文解字》中说：“桑”，读音若“若”，是东方自然神木的名称，这个字的字形是象形的。桑叶是蚕所食用的，不同于东方的自然神木，所以在“若”字下面加上“木”字来区别它。《典术》说：桑是箕星的精华。
【集解】苏颂说：医方书籍称桑的功效最神奇，在人们的日常应用中尤其多。《尔雅》说：桑树辨别有葚的叫栀。又说：女桑，就是椹桑。椹桑，就是山桑。郭璞说：辨，意思是半。葚与椹同义。一半有椹，一半无椹，叫做栀。俗世间称呼桑树中小而枝条长的，都叫作女桑。那山桑像桑树，木材适合做弓弩；椹桑，丝适合做琴瑟，都是材质很好的树木，其他树木很少能比得上。
桑树的叶子尖而长。用种子种植的，不如压条分株的好。桑树生长黄衣，叫做金桑，它的木头必将枯死。《种树书》说：桑树用构树嫁接则桑树长得大。桑根下埋藏龟甲，则茂盛且不蛀虫。
桑根白皮
【修治】《名医别录》说：随时可采。出土上的会杀人。
陶弘景说：向东生长的桑根容易得到，而江边多出土，不可轻信。
李时珍说：古本草说桑根见地上的名叫马领，有毒杀人。旁行出土的名叫伏蛇，也有毒但能治疗心痛。所以吴淑在《事类赋》中说：伏蛇治疗疾病，马领杀人。
曰：凡是使用，采摘十年以上向东侧的嫩根，用铜刀刮去青黄色的薄皮一层，取里面的白皮切碎，焙干使用。皮中的粘液不要去掉，药力都在上面。忌铁和铅。有人说：树木的白皮也可以使用。煮汁染成褐色，久久不脱落。
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。李权说：性平。
孟诜说：性温。
张元素说：味苦、酸。
王好古说：味甘、辛，性寒。可升可降，属于阳中之阴。
李杲说：甘浓而辛薄，入足太阴肺经。（注：此处原文为手太阴，通常桑白皮归肺经，即手太阴，依原文翻译为手太阴经，但中医理论中肺属手太阴，故保留原文“手太阴经”或根据语境修正，此处依原文直译“入手太阴经”可能为笔误或特定流派，标准术语为手太阴肺经，此处按原文“手太阴经”处理，若指肺则为手太阴）。*更正：原文为“入手太阴经”，中医理论肺经为手太阴，故译为手太阴经。*
陈承说：续断、桂心、麻子为使药。
【主治】损伤中气，五种劳损六种极度虚弱，消瘦，崩漏绝脉，补虚益气（《神农本草经》）。去除肺中的水气，唾血，热渴，水肿腹满胪胀，通利水道，去除寸白虫（绦虫），可以缝合金属创伤（《名医别录》）。治疗肺气喘满，虚劳客热头痛，内补不足（甄权）。煮汁饮用，通利五脏。入散剂使用，排出一切风邪水气（孟诜）。调和中气，降气，消痰止渴，开胃进食，杀灭腹脏寄生虫，停止霍乱吐泻。研汁，治疗小儿天吊惊痫客忤，以及敷鹅口疮，非常有效。
【发明】李杲说：桑白皮，甘味以固守元气之不足而补虚，辛味以泻除肺气之有余而止咳。又说：桑白皮泻肺，然而性质不纯良，不宜多用。
李时珍说：桑白皮擅长利小便，这是实则泻其子的道理，所以肺中有水气及肺火有余者适宜使用。十剂说：燥可去湿，桑白皮、赤小豆之类就是。宋代医生钱乙治疗肺气热盛，咳嗽而后喘，面肿身热，用泻白散：用桑白皮（炒）一两，地骨皮（焙）一两，甘草（炒）半两。每次服用一、二钱，加入粳米一百粒，水煎，饭后温服。桑白皮、地骨皮都能泻火从小便排出，甘草泻火而缓急，粳米清肺而养血，这是泻肺诸方的准绳。元代医生罗天益说它泻肺中伏火而补正气，泻邪所以补正。如果肺虚且小便频利者，不宜使用。
苏颂说：桑白皮做线缝合金疮肠出，再用热鸡血涂抹。唐代安金藏剖腹，用此法痊愈。
【附方】旧方九首，新方五首。
咳嗽吐血，严重的殷红鲜亮：桑根白皮一斤，米泔水浸泡三宿，刮去黄皮，锉细，加入糯米四两，焙干为末。每次服用一钱，米饮送下。（《经验方》）。
消渴尿多：入地三尺深的桑根，剥取白皮，炙至黄黑色，锉碎。用水煮浓汁，随意饮用。也可以加入少许米，不要用盐。（《肘后备急方》）。
产后下血：炙桑白皮，煮水饮用。（《肘后备急方》）。
血露不绝：锯截桑根，取屑五指撮量，用醇酒送服，每日三次。（《肘后备急方》）。
坠马扭伤：桑根白皮五斤为末，水一升煎膏，敷上即可止血。以后也无瘀血，终不复发。（《经验后方》）。
金属刃器创伤：新桑白皮，烧灰，和马粪涂在疮上，多次更换。也可以煮汁服用。（《广利方》）。
杂物眯眼：新桑根白皮洗净捶烂，放入眼中，拨动使其自行排出。（《圣惠方》）。
发鬓脱落：桑白皮（锉）二升。用水淹没，煮五六沸，去渣，频频洗头沐浴，头发自然不落。（《千金方》）。
头发干枯无光泽：桑根白皮、柏叶各一斤，煎汁洗头即润。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿重舌：桑根白皮煮汁，涂在乳头上让婴儿吮吸。（《子母秘录》）。
小儿流涎：脾热所致，胸膈有痰。新桑根白皮，捣取自然汁涂抹，很有效。干者煎水。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿天吊，惊痫客忤：家桑树向东生长的根取汁服用。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿火丹：桑根白皮，煮汁洗澡。或者为末，用羊脂调和涂抹。（《千金方》）。
石痈坚硬不作脓者：蜀地桑白皮阴干为末，溶化胶和酒调敷，以变软为度。（《千金方》）。
皮中白汁
【主治】小儿口疮白漫漫，擦净后涂抹即愈。又涂金属刃器所伤的干燥疼痛处，片刻血止，仍以白皮包裹，很好（苏颂）。涂蛇、蜈蚣、蜘蛛咬伤，有效。
【附方】旧方一首，新方三首。
小儿鹅口：桑白皮汁，和胡粉涂抹。（《子母秘录》）。
小儿唇肿：桑木汁涂抹，即愈。（《圣惠方》）。
解百毒瓦斯：桑白汁一合，服用，片刻后吐利自出。（《肘后备急方》）。
破伤中风：桑沥、好酒，对和温服，以醉为度。醒后服用消风散。（《...》缺文）。
桑椹（一名文武实）
【主治】单吃，止消渴（苏恭）。利五脏关节，通血气。久服不饥饿，安魂镇神，使人聪明，变白不老。多收晒干为末，蜜丸每日服用（陈藏器）。捣汁饮，解中酒毒。酿酒服用，利水气消肿（李时珍）。
【发明】寇宗奭说：《神农本草经》讲桑很详细，唯独遗漏了乌椹，桑的精英全在这里。采摘稍加研磨，用布滤汁，石器熬成稀膏，根据多少加入蜜熬稠，贮存在瓷器中。每次抄取一、二钱，食后、夜卧，用沸水冲服。治疗服用金石类药物发热口渴，生精神及小肠热，因为它的性质微凉。《仙方》晒干为末，蜜和为丸，酒服也很好。
李时珍说：椹有乌、白两种。杨氏《产乳》说：孩子不能给桑椹，令儿心寒，而陆机《诗疏》说：斑鸠吃桑椹多则醉伤其性，为什么呢？《四民月令》说：四月宜饮桑椹酒，能理百种风热。其法用椹汁三斗，隔水加热煮至一斗半，加入白蜜二合，酥油一两，生姜一合，煮得适当，瓶收。每次服用一合，和酒饮用。也可以用汁熬烧酒，收藏经年，味道力量更佳。史书记载魏武帝军队缺乏食物，得到干椹以济饥荒。金...
【附方】旧方一首，新方七首。
水肿胀满：水不下则满溢，水下则虚竭还胀，十无一活，宜用桑椹酒治疗。桑心皮切，以水二斗，煮汁一斗，入桑椹再煮，取五升，以糯饭五升，酿酒饮用。（《...》缺文）。
瘰疬结核：文武膏：用文武实（即桑葚子）二斗（黑熟者），用布取汁，银、石器熬成薄膏。每次白开水调服一匙，每日三次。（《保命集》）。
诸骨哽咽：红椹子细嚼，先咽汁，后咽滓，新水送下。干者也可以。（《圣惠方》）。
小儿赤秃：桑椹取汁，频服。（《千金方》）。
小儿白秃：黑葚放入罂中曝晒三七日，化为水，洗之，三七日神效。（《圣济录》）。
拔白变黑：黑葚一斤，蝌蚪一斤，瓶盛封闭，悬屋东头一百日，尽化为黑泥，以染白发如漆。（陈藏器《本草》）。
发白不生：黑熟桑椹，水浸日晒，搽涂，令黑而复生也。（《千金方》）。
阴症腹痛：桑椹绢包风干，过伏天，为末。每次服用三钱，热酒送下，取汗。（《集简方》）。
叶
【气味】味苦、甘，性寒，有小毒。
孟诜说：家桑叶：性暖，无毒。
【主治】除寒热，出汗（《神农本草经》）。汁，解蜈蚣毒（《名医别录》）。煎浓汁服，能除香港脚水肿，利大小肠（苏恭）。炙熟煎饮，代茶止渴（孟诜）。煎饮，利五脏，通关节，下气。嫩叶煎酒服，治一切风。蒸熟捣，治风痛出汗，并扑损瘀血。烂，涂蛇、虫伤（孟诜）。研汁，治金疮及小儿吻疮。煎汁服，止霍乱腹痛吐下，亦可以用干叶煮之。鸡桑叶，煮汁熬膏服，去老风及宿血（陈藏器）。治劳热咳嗽，明目长发（李时珍）。
【发明】苏颂说：桑叶可常服。神仙服食方：以四月桑茂盛时采叶。又十月霜后三分，二分已落时，一分在者，名神仙叶，即采取，与前叶同阴干捣末，丸、散任服，或煎水代茶饮之。又霜后叶煮汤，淋渫手足，去风痹殊胜。又微炙和桑衣煎服，治痢及金疮诸损伤，止血。
朱震亨说：经霜桑叶研末，米饮服，止盗汗。
李时珍说：桑叶乃手、足阳明之药，汁煎代茗，能止消渴。
【附方】旧方二首，新方十一首。
青盲洗法：昔日武胜军宋仲孚患此二十年，用此法，二年目明如故。新采青桑叶阴干，月按日就地上烧存性。每以一合，于瓷器内煎减二分，倾出澄清，温热洗目，至百度，屡试有验。正月初八，二月初八，三月初六，四月初四，五月初五，六月初二，七月初七，八月二十，九月十二，十月十七，十一月初二，十二月三十。（《普济方》）。
风眼下泪：腊月不落桑叶煎汤，日日温洗。或入芒硝。（《集简方》）。
赤眼涩痛：桑叶为末，纸卷烧烟熏鼻取效，《海上方》也。（《普济方》）。
头发不长：桑叶、麻叶煮泔水沐之，七次可长数尺。（《千金方》）。
吐血不止：晚桑叶焙研，凉茶服三钱。只一服止，后用补肝肺药。（《圣济总录》）。
小儿渴疾：桑叶不拘多少，逐片染生蜜，线系蒂上，绷，阴干。细切，煎汁日饮代茶。（《...》缺文）。
霍乱转筋，入腹烦闷：桑叶一握，煎饮，一、二服立定。（《圣惠方》）。
大肠脱肛：黄皮桑树叶三升，水煎过，带温罨纳之。（《仁斋直指方》）。
肺毒风疮，状如大风：绿云散：用好桑叶。净洗，蒸熟（一宿候），晒干，为末。水调二钱匕服。（《经验后方》）。
痈口不敛：经霜黄桑叶，为末。敷之。（《直指方》）。
穿掌肿毒：新桑叶研烂，敷之即愈。（《通玄论》）。
汤火伤疮：经霜桑叶（烧存性，）为末，油和敷之。三日愈。（《医学正传》）。
手足麻木不知痛痒：霜降后桑叶煎汤，频洗。（《救急方》）。
枝
【气味】味苦，性平。
【主治】遍体风痒干燥，水气、香港脚、风气，四肢拘挛，上气眼晕，肺气咳嗽，消食利小便。久服轻身，聪明耳目，令人光泽。疗口干及痈疽后渴，用嫩条细切一升，熬香煎饮，亦无禁忌。久服，终身不患偏风（苏颂。出《近效方》，名桑枝煎。一法：用花桑枝寸锉，炒香，瓦器煮减一半，再入银器，重汤熬减一半。或入少蜜亦可）。
【发明】苏颂说：桑枝不冷不热，可以常服。《抱朴子》言：《仙经》说：一切仙药，不得桑煎不服。
李时珍说：煎药用桑者，取其能利关节，除风寒湿痹诸痛也。观《灵枢经》治寒痹内热，用桂酒法，以桑炭炙布巾，熨痹处；治口僻用马膏法，以桑钩钩其口，及坐桑灰上，皆取此意也。又痈疽发背不起发，或瘀肉不腐溃，及阴疮、瘰疬、流注、疔疮、顽疮、恶疮久不愈者，用桑木炙法，未溃则拔毒止痛，已溃则补接阳气，亦取桑通关节，去风寒，火性畅达，出郁毒之意。其法以干桑木劈成细片，扎作小把，然火吹息，炙患处。每吹炙片时，以瘀肉腐动为度，内服补托药，诚良方也。又按：赵佖《养漫笔》云：越州一学录少年苦嗽，百药不效。或令用南向柔桑条一束，每条寸折纳锅中，以水五碗，煎至一碗，盛瓦器中，渴即饮之，服一月而愈。此亦桑枝煎变法尔。
【附方】旧方二首，新方四首。
服食变白，久服通血气，利五脏：鸡桑嫩枝，阴干为末，蜜和作丸。每日酒服六十丸。（《圣惠方》）。
水气香港脚：桑条二两，炒香，以水一升，煎二合。每日空心服之，亦无禁忌。（《圣济总录》）。
风热臂痛：桑枝一小升切炒。水三升，煎二升，一日服尽。许叔微云：尝病臂痛，诸药不效，服此数剂寻愈。观《本草切用》及《图经》言其不冷不热，可以常服；《抱朴子》言：一...
解中蛊毒：令人腹内坚痛，面黄青色，淋露骨立，病变不常。桑木心（锉）一斛，着釜中，以水淹令上有三寸，煮取二斗，澄清，微火煎得五升。空心服五合，则吐蛊毒出也。（《肘后备急方》）。
刺伤手足，犯露水肿痛，多杀人：以桑枝三条，火炮热，断之，以头熨疮上令热，冷即易之，尽三条则疮自...
紫白癜风：桑枝十斤，益母草三斤。水五斗，慢火煮至五斤，去滓再煎成膏。每卧时温酒调服半合，以愈为度。
桑柴灰
【气味】味辛，性寒，有小毒。
【主治】蒸淋取汁为煎，与冬灰等分，同灭痣疵黑子，蚀恶肉。煮小豆食，大下水胀。敷金疮，止血生肌（苏恭）。桑霜，治噎食积块（李时珍）。
【附方】旧方五首，新方六首。
目赤肿痛：桑灰一两。黄连半两，为末。每以一钱泡汤，澄清洗之。（《圣济总录》）。
洗青盲眼：正月八，二月八，三月六，四月四，五月五，六月二，七月七，八月二十，九月十二，十月十七，十一月二十六，十二月三十日。每遇上件神日，用桑柴灰一合，煎汤沃之，于瓷器中，澄取极清，稍热洗之。如冷即重汤顿温，不住手洗。久久视物如鹰鹘也。
(From *Bencao Gangmu*)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: Shigua (Stone Melon) grows in the Emei Mountains of Sichuan and in the Mangbu region. Its tree has a slender trunk, and its shape resembles that of the mulberry tree (*Morus alba*). Its flowers are pale yellow. The fruits hang like beads, long but not round; when the shell cracks, the seeds are visible. Their shape resembles a melon, their hardness is like stone, and the decoction yields a yellow liquid.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Heart pain. Decoct to obtain juice, wash with it for Fengbi (Wind-Bi syndrome). (Li Shizhen).
(Fifty-one species of shrubs)
(Listed as Middle Grade in *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Names] The fruit is named Zhen (Mulberry fruit).
Li Shizhen said: Xu Kai stated in *Shuowen Jiezi*: "Sang" sounds like "Ruo", it is the name of the divine natural tree of the East, and its character is pictographic. Mulberry leaves are eaten by silkworms, differing from the divine natural tree of the East, hence the radical 'wood' is added below 'Ruo' to distinguish it. *Dianshu* states: Mulberry is the essence of the Ji Star.
[Collected Explanations] Su Song said: Medical texts claim the efficacy of mulberry is most miraculous, especially in human utility. *Erya* states: Mulberries distinguished by having zhen are called Zhi. It also says: Nvsang (Female Mulberry), Zensang. Zensang, is Shansang (Mountain Mulberry). Guo Pu said: Bian means half. Zhen and Shen are synonymous. Half have zhen, half do not, called Zhi. In common parlance, small mulberry trees with long branches are all called Nvsang. That Shansang resembles mulberry, its timber is suitable for bows and crossbows; Zensang silk is suitable for qin and se, both are excellent materials, rarely matched by other woods.
Mulberry leaves are pointed and long. Trees grown from seed are inferior to those propagated by layering. If yellow coating grows on mulberry, it is called Jin Sang (Golden Mulberry), and its wood will surely wither. *Zhongshu Shu* says: Grafting mulberry with trema makes the mulberry larger. Burying turtle shells under mulberry roots promotes lush growth and prevents insect damage.
Bark of White Mulberry Root
[Preparation] *Bielu* states: Gather at any time. Those exposed above ground kill humans.
Tao Hongjing said: Mulberry roots growing eastward are easy to obtain, while those by rivers often emerge from the ground; do not trust them blindly.
Li Shizhen said: Ancient materia medica states that mulberry roots seen above ground are named Ma Ling (Horse Neck), which is toxic and kills humans. Those growing sideways and emerging from the ground are named Fu She (Hidden Snake), which is also toxic but treats heart pain. Thus Wu Shu wrote in *Shilei Fu*: Fu She treats diseases, Ma Ling kills humans.
It is said: For use, gather tender roots from the eastern side of trees older than ten years, scrape off one layer of greenish-yellow thin bark with a copper knife, take the inner white bark, cut it, dry by baking, and use. Do not remove the slime in the bark, as the medicinal power resides there. Avoid iron and lead. Some say the white bark of the wood can also be used. Boiling it dyes brown, lasting long.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, cold, non-toxic. Quan said: Neutral.
Meng Shen said: Warm.
Zhang Yuansu said: Bitter, sour.
Li Gao said: Sweet, pungent, cold. Ascending and descending, Yin within Yang.
Li Dongyuan said: Thick sweet and thin pungent, enters the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian.
Cheng Cai said: Duanxin (Teasel Root), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig Heart), Maziren (Hemp Seed) are its guides.
[Indications] Treats Shangzhong (damage to middle jiao), Wulao Liují (five labors and six extremes), emaciation, Bengzhong Juemai (metrorrhagia and pulse disappearance), tonifies deficiency and boosts qi (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Removes water qi in the lungs, spitting blood, heat and thirst, edema, abdominal fullness, unblocks water passages, removes Cunbai (tapeworm), can suture metal wounds (*Bielu*). Treats lung asthma and distension, deficiency labor with guest heat headache, internal insufficiency (Zhen Quan). Decoct and drink to benefit the five zang organs. Used in powders to expel all wind and water qi (Meng Shen). Regulates the middle, directs qi downward, resolves phlegm, stops thirst, opens the stomach, promotes digestion, kills abdominal parasites, stops cholera vomiting and diarrhea. Grind to juice to treat Xia'er Tiandiao Jingxian Ketu (infant convulsions, epilepsy, and alien invasion), and apply to Eagle Mouth Sores (thrush), highly effective.
[Elucidation] Li Gao said: Sangbaipi (Mulberry Root Bark) uses sweetness to secure insufficient yuan qi and tonify deficiency, and pungency to drain excess lung qi and stop cough. He also said: Sangbaipi drains the lung, but its nature is not purely good, so it should not be used excessively.
Li Shizhen said: Sangbaipi excels at promoting urination, following the principle of draining the son when the mother is excessive, so it is suitable for those with water qi in the lungs and excess lung fire. The Ten Formulas states: Dryness can remove dampness, such as Sangbaipi and Chixiaodou. The Song dynasty physician Qian Yi treated lung qi heat excess, cough followed by wheezing, facial swelling, and body heat, using Xiebai San (Drain White Powder): Sangbaipi (stir-fried) 1 liang, Digupi (baked) 1 liang, Gancao (stir-fried) 0.5 liang. Take 1-2 qian per dose, add 100 grains of Jingmi (Japonica Rice), decoct in water, and take warm after meals. Both Sangbaipi and Digupi can drain fire via urine, Gancao drains fire and moderates the middle, Jingmi clears the lungs and nourishes blood; this is the standard for all lung-draining formulas. Yuan dynasty physician Luo Tianyi said it drains latent fire in the lungs and tonifies righteous qi; draining evil tonifies righteousness. If lung is deficient and urination is frequent, it should not be used.
Su Song said: Sangbaipi can be made into thread to suture metal wounds with eviscerated intestines, then smear with hot chicken blood. Tang dynasty An Jinzang underwent abdominal cutting and healed using this method.
[Attached Prescriptions] Nine old, five new.
Cough with hemoptysis, severe and bright red: Sanggen Baipi (White Bark of Mulberry Root) 1 jin, soak in rice washing water for three nights, scrape off yellow skin, chop finely, add 4 liang Nuomi (Glutinous Rice), bake dry and powder. Take 1 qian per dose, swallow with rice drink. (*Experience Formula*).
Xiaoke (Wasting-Thirst) with polyuria: Take Sanggen (mulberry root) three chi underground, peel white bark, roast until yellow-black, chop. Decoct in water to make thick juice, drink as desired. Can add a little rice, do not use salt. (*Emergency Prescriptions Behind the Elbow*).
Postpartum bleeding: Roast Sangbaipi, decoct in water and drink. (*Emergency Prescriptions Behind the Elbow*).
Unceasing blood loss: Saw off Sanggen, take scraps equivalent to five fingers pinch, take with strong wine, three times a day. (*Emergency Prescriptions Behind the Elbow*).
Fall from horse causing sprain: Sanggen Baipi 5 jin powder, decoct in 1 sheng water to make paste, apply to stop bleeding. No residual blood afterwards, never recurs. (*Experience Backyard Formulas*).
Metal blade wounds: Fresh Sangbaipi, burn to ash, mix with horse manure, apply to wound, change frequently. Can also decoct and drink. (*Guangli Fang*).
Foreign object in eye: Wash fresh Sanggen Baipi, pound to pulp, put in eye,拨 (move) to extract naturally. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Hair loss in temples: Sangbaipi (chopped) 2 sheng. Submerge in water, boil 5-6 times, remove dregs, wash hair frequently, hair will not fall. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Dry lusterless hair: Sanggen Baipi and Baiye (Cypress Leaf) 1 jin each, decoct juice to wash hair, becomes moist. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Infant double tongue: Decoct Sanggen Baipi, apply to nipple for infant to suck. (*Zimu Mulu*).
Infant drooling: Due to spleen heat, phlegm in chest/diaphragm. Fresh Sanggen Baipi, crush to get natural juice, apply, very effective. Dry ones decoct in water. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Infant Tiandiao, convulsions, alien invasion: Take juice from east-growing home mulberry roots, drink. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Infant Huodan (erysipelas): Decoct Sanggen Baipi to bathe. Or powder, mix with sheep fat to apply. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Shiyong (Stone Abscess) hard without suppuration: Shu Sangbaipi dried in shade to powder, melt gelatin, mix with wine to apply, soften as goal. (*Qianjin Fang*).
White Juice in Bark
[Indications] Infant mouth sores white and spreading, wipe clean then apply, heals immediately. Also applies to dry painful metal wounds, stops bleeding quickly, wrap with white bark, very good (Su Song). Apply to snake, centipede, spider bites, effective.
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, three new.
Infant Eagle Mouth (Thrush): Sangbaipi juice, mix with Hufen (Lead Carbonate/White Lead) to apply. (*Zimu Mulu*).
Infant lip swelling: Smear Sangmu juice, heals immediately. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Resolve hundred toxins: Sangbai juice 1 he, take, vomit and diarrhea self-expel shortly after. (*Emergency Prescriptions Behind the Elbow*).
Poisoned injury with wind-stroke: Mix Sangli (Mulberry sap) and good wine, take warm, get drunk. After waking, take Xiaofeng San (Wind-Expelling Powder). (*Missing Text*).
Mulberry Fruit (Also named Wenwu Shi)
[Indications] Eat alone, stops wasting-thirst (Su Gong). Benefits five zang joints, unblocks blood and qi. Long-term use prevents hunger, calms soul and spirit, makes one smart, turns white and prevents aging. Collect much, dry in sun, powder, honey pills, take daily (Chen Cangqi). Crush to juice, drink, resolve alcohol poisoning. Brew into wine, promote water qi and reduce edema (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Kou Zongshi said: *Shennong Bencao Jing* details mulberry extensively but omits Wu Shen (Black Mulberry); the essence of mulberry lies here. Pick, slightly grind, filter juice through cloth, boil in stone vessel to thin paste, add honey according to amount, boil to thick, store in porcelain. Take 1-2 qian, after meals or before bed, dissolve in boiling water. Treats fever/thirst from mineral drugs, generates spirit, clears small intestine heat, due to its slightly cool nature. *Xianfang* dries to powder, mixes with honey into pills, takes well with wine.
Li Shizhen said: Shen comes in black and white varieties. Yang's *Chanru* says: Children should not eat mulberry fruit, causing cold heart, yet Lu Ji's *Shi Shu* says: Doves get drunk and harm their nature eating too many mulberries, why? *Simin Yueling* says: April is suitable for drinking mulberry wine, can regulate hundred types of wind-heat. Method: Use 3 dou fen juice, double-boil to 1.5 dou, add 2 he white honey, 1 liang butter, 1 he ginger, cook appropriately, bottle store. Take 1 he per dose, mix with wine. Can also ferment juice into liquor, store for years, flavor/power improves. History records Emperor Wu of Wei's army lacking food, obtained dried fen to relieve hunger. Jin...
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, seven new.
Edema and fullness: If water doesn't go down, overflows; if goes down, empties then swells again, ten die nine, use Mulberry Wine. Cut Sangxinpi, boil 2 dou water to 1 dou juice, add Fen, boil again, get 5 sheng, ferment with 5 sheng glutinous rice, drink. (*Missing Text*).
Luoli Tuberculosis: Wenwu Gao: Use Wenwu Shi (Black Mulberry) 2 dou (black ripe), press juice through cloth, boil in silver/stone vessel to thin paste. Take 1 spoon with warm water, three times daily. (*Baoming Ji*).
Bone stuck in throat: Chew Red Fen finely, swallow juice first, then dregs, rinse with fresh water. Dry ones also work. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Infant Red Baldness: Take Fen juice, drink frequently. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Infant White Baldness: Put Black Fen in jar, sun-dry 3x7 days, turns to water, wash with it, 3x7 days miraculous effect. (*Shengji Lu*).
Pull white turn black: 1 jin Black Fen, 1 jin Tadpoles, seal in jar, hang east of house for 100 days, turn to black mud, dye white hair black as lacquer. (Chen Cangqi *Bencao*).
White hair not growing: Black ripe Fen, soak in water, sun-dry, rub on scalp, turns black and regrows. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Yin Syndrome Abdominal Pain: Wrap Fen in silk, air-dry, pass through Dog Days, powder. Take 3 qian per dose, hot wine, induce sweat. (*Jijian Fang*).
Leaves
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, sweet, cold, slightly toxic.
Meng Shen said: Home Mulberry Leaves: Warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Remove chills and fever, induce sweating (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Juice, resolve centipede poison (*Bielu*). Decoct thick juice, drink, treats Hongjiaojiao (Beriberi) edema, benefits large and small intestines (Su Gong). Roast and decoct to drink, replace tea to stop thirst (Meng Shen). Decoct to drink, benefits five zang, unblocks joints, directs qi down. Tender leaves decocted in wine, treat all winds. Steam and pound, treat Fengtong (wind pain) sweating, and contusion blood stasis. Mash, apply to snake/insect bites (Meng Shen). Grind to juice, treat metal wounds and infant kiss sores. Decoct to drink, stop cholera abdominal pain/vomiting/diarrhea, can also boil dry leaves. Jisang leaves, decoct to paste, take, remove old wind and retained blood (Chen Cangqi). Treats labor-heat cough, brightens eyes, promotes hair growth (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Su Song said: Mulberry leaves can be taken regularly. Immortal diet recipe: Pick leaves when mulberry is lush in April. Also pick when frost comes in October, one-third remains (two-thirds fallen), called Shenxian Ye (Immortal Leaf), collect, shade-dry with previous leaves, powder, take as pills/powder, or decoct as tea. Frost leaves decocted as soup, wash hands/feet, excellently removes Wind-Bi. Lightly roast and mix with Sangyi (mulberry bark) to decoct, treat dysentery and metal wounds, stop bleeding.
Zhu Zhenheng said: Frost mulberry leaf powder, take with rice drink, stops night sweats.
Li Shizhen said: Mulberry leaf is a herb for Hand and Foot Yangming meridians, juice decocted as tea, stops wasting-thirst.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old, eleven new.
Qingmang (Congenital Blindness) Wash Method: Song Zhongfu of Wusheng Army suffered this for 20 years, used this method, eyes clear after 2 years. Pick fresh green mulberry leaves, shade-dry, burn on ground according to lunar date to retain nature. Take 1 he, decoct in porcelain vessel reducing by two parts, pour out clear liquid, wash eyes warm, up to 100 times, repeatedly tested effective. Dates: Jan 8, Feb 8, Mar 6, Apr 4, May 5, Jun 2, Jul 7, Aug 20, Sep 12, Oct 17, Nov 2, Dec 30. (*Puji Fang*).
Wind Eye Tearing: Decoct mulberry leaves that don't fall in December, wash warm daily. Or add Mangxiao (Mirabilite). (*Jijian Fang*).
Red Eye Aching Pain: Powder mulberry leaves, roll in paper, burn smoke to熏 (fumigate) nose for effect, *Haishang Fang*. (*Puji Fang*).
Hair Not Growing: Boil Sangye (Mulberry Leaf) and Maze (Hemp Leaf) in rice water to wash hair, seven times grows several feet. (*Qianjin Fang*).
Unstoppable Hemoptysis: Bake late mulberry leaves, powder, take 3 qian with cool tea. Stops in one dose, follow with liver/lung tonics. (*Shengji Zonglu*).
Infant Thirst Disease: Any amount of mulberry leaves, coat each with raw honey, tie stem with thread, stretch, shade-dry. Chop fine, decoct juice, drink daily as tea. (*Missing Text*).
Cholera Convulsion, Abdominal Distress: One handful of mulberry leaves, decoct and drink, 1-2 doses settle immediately. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Large Intestine Prolapse: 3 sheng Huangpi Sangshuye (Yellow-bark Mulberry Leaves), decoct in water, apply warm and insert. (*Renzhai Zhizhi Fang*).
Lung Toxic Wind Sore, resembling Leprosy: Lvyun San: Use good mulberry leaves. Wash clean, steam (overnight), sun-dry, powder. Mix with water, take 2 qian bi. (*Experience Backyard Formulas*).
Ulcer Not Healing: Frost yellow mulberry leaves, powder, apply. (*Zhizhi Fang*).
Palm Swelling Poison: Fresh mulberry leaves mash, apply, heals immediately. (*Tongxuan Lun*).
Scald/Burn Wounds: Frost mulberry leaves (burn to retain nature), powder, mix with oil to apply. Heals in 3 days. (*Yixue Zhengchuan*).
Numb Hands/Feet Unknown Pain/Itch: Decoct frost mulberry leaves, wash frequently. (*Jiuji Fang*).
Branches
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, neutral.
[Indications] Generalized wind itching dryness, water qi, beriberi, wind qi, limb spasms, upward qi dizziness, lung qi cough, digest food, promote urination. Long-term use lightens body, sharpens ears/eyes, gives luster. Treats dry mouth and thirst after carbuncle/ulcer, use 1 sheng tender branches chopped fine, roast fragrant, decoct and drink, no taboos. Long-term use, lifelong immunity to Pi Feng (hemiplegia) (Su Song. From *Jin Xiao Fang*, named Sangzhi Jian. Another method: Chop flower mulberry branches to cun, roast fragrant, boil in earthenware to half, transfer to silver vessel, double-boil to half. Or add little honey).
[Elucidation] Su Song said: Sangzhi (Mulberry Branch) is neither cold nor hot, can be taken regularly. *Baopuzi* says: *Xianjing* states: All immortal medicines must not be taken without Sang decoction.
Li Shizhen said: Using Sang for decoctions utilizes its ability to benefit joints and remove wind-cold-damp Bi pains. Observing *Ling Shu Jing* treating cold Bi with internal heat, using Guijiu method, warming bandage with Sang charcoal; treating facial paralysis using Magao method, hooking mouth with Sang hook, sitting on Sang ash, all take this meaning. Also for carbuncles/back abscesses not rising, or necrotic flesh not ulcerating, and yin sores, luoli, flowing deposits, ding sores, stubborn sores, malignant sores not healing long-term, use Sang wood moxibustion method: before ulceration, draws out toxin and stops pain; after ulceration, supplements yang qi, also taking Sang's joint-unblocking, wind-cold-removing properties, fire nature smooths out, expelling郁毒 (depressed toxin). Method: Split dry Sang wood into thin slices, tie into small bundles, ignite, blow breath, moxa affected area. Each blowing/moxa session, stop when necrotic flesh moves, internally take tonifying/supporting herbs, truly a good formula. Also note: Zhao Bi's *Yangsheng Manbi* says: A young teacher in Yuezhou suffered bitter cough, hundred medicines ineffective. Someone ordered using a bundle of south-facing soft Sang branches, each inch broken into pot, 5 bowls water, decoct to 1 bowl, store in earthenware, drink when thirsty, cured after one month. This is also a variation of Sangzhi Jian.
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old, four new.
Dietary transformation to whiteness, long-term unblocks blood/qi, benefits five zang: Chicken Sang tender branches, shade-dry powder, honey pills. Take 60 pills with wine daily. (*Shenghui Fang*).
Water Qi Beriberi: 2 liang Sangtiao (Mulberry Twig), roast fragrant, 1 sheng water, decoct to 2 he. Take empty stomach daily, no taboos. (*Shengji Zonglu*).
Wind-Heat Arm Pain: 1 small sheng Sangzhi chopped and roasted. 3 sheng water, decoct to 2 sheng, drink all day. Xu Shumi said: I once had arm pain, all medicines ineffective, took a few doses of this and recovered. Observe *Bencao Qieyong* and *Tujing* say it is neither cold nor hot, can be taken regularly; *Baopuzi* says: One...
Resolve Gu Poison: Causes solid abdominal pain, yellow-green face, emaciation, unpredictable changes. 1 hu Sangmuxin (Mulberry Wood Heart) chopped, put in cauldron, cover water 3 cun above, boil to 2 dou, clarify, simmer to 5 sheng. Take 5 he empty stomach, vomit gu poison out. (*Emergency Prescriptions Behind the Elbow*).
Puncture Injury Hands/Feet, Dew Exposure Edema Pain, often kills: Use 3 Sangzhi, fire-roast hot, break, use head to熨 (press/warm) wound until hot, change when cold, finish 3 branches then wound self-heals...
Purple/White Wind Urticaria: 10 jin Sangzhi, 3 jin Yimucao (Motherwort). 5 dou water, slow boil to 5 jin, remove dregs, re-decoct to paste. Take 1/2 he with warm wine before sleep, until cured.
Mulberry Fire Ash
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, cold, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Steam-leach juice to make decoction, equal parts with Donghui (Winter Ash), together remove nevi/black spots, erode bad flesh. Boil adzuki beans to eat, greatly reduces water distension. Apply to metal wounds, stop bleeding, generate flesh (Su Gong). Sangshuang (Mulberry Frost), treat dysphagia mass accumulation (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Five old, six new.
Red Swollen Painful Eyes: 1 liang Sanghui (Mulberry Ash), 0.5 liang Huanglian (Coptis), powder. Take 1 qian, steep in soup, clarify, wash. (*Shengji Zonglu*).
Wash Qingmang Eyes: Jan 8, Feb 8, Mar 6, Apr 4, May 5, Jun 2, Jul 7, Aug 20, Sep 12, Oct 17, Nov 26, Dec 30. On these auspicious days, use 1 he Sangchaihui (Mulberry Firewood Ash), decoct soup, pour into porcelain, clarify extremely, wash slightly warm. If cold, re-warm in water bath, wash continuously. Eventually see clearly like a hawk.