（《纲目》）
【释名】章举（韩语）、 鱼（音佶。
【集解】颂曰∶章鱼、石距二物，似乌贼而差大，味更珍好。食品所重，不入药用。
时珍曰∶章鱼生南海。形如乌贼而大，八足，身上有肉。闽、粤人多采鲜者，姜、醋食
之，味如水母。韩退之所谓“章举马甲柱，斗以怪自呈”者也。石距亦其类，身小而足长，
入盐烧食极美。
【气味】甘、咸，寒，无毒。时珍曰∶按∶李九华云∶章鱼冷而不泄。
【主治】养血益气（时珍）。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】邵阳鱼（《食鉴》作少阳）、荷鱼（广韵作 ）、 鱼（音忿）、 鱼（音铺
毗）、蕃
时珍曰∶海鹞，象形。少阳、荷，并言形色也。余义莫详。
【集解】藏器曰∶生东海。形似鹞，有肉翅，能飞上石头。齿如石版。尾有大毒，逢物
以尾拨而食之。其尾刺人，甚者至死。候人尿处钉之，令人阴肿痛，拔去乃愈。海人被刺毒
者，以鱼 竹及海獭皮解之。又有鼠尾鱼、地青鱼，并生南海，总有肉翅，刺在尾中。食肉
去刺。
时珍曰∶海中颇多，江湖亦时有之。状如盘及荷叶，大者围七
腹白。口在腹下，目在额上。尾长有节，螫人甚毒。皮色肉味，俱同 鱼。肉内皆骨，节节
联比，脆软可食，吴人腊之。《魏武食制》云∶蕃踏
录异》云∶鸡子鱼，嘴形如
此亦海鹞之类也。
肉
【气味】甘、咸，平，无毒。
时珍曰∶有小毒。
【主治】不益人（弘景）。男子白浊膏淋，玉茎涩痛（宁源）。
齿
无毒。
【主治】瘴疟，烧黑研末，酒服二钱匕（藏器）。
尾
有毒。
【主治】齿痛（陶弘景）。
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】章举（韩语发音）、鱼（读音同“佶”）。
【集解】苏颂说：章鱼和石距这两种东西，形状像乌贼但稍大一些，味道更加珍贵美味。它们主要被作为食品重视，不进入药用范畴。
李时珍说：章鱼产于南海。形状像乌贼但体型较大，有八只脚，身上长有肉。福建、广东的人多采集新鲜的章鱼，用姜、醋调味食用，味道像水母。韩愈所说的“章举马甲柱，斗以怪自呈”指的就是这种鱼。石距也是同类，身体小但脚长，加盐烧制后食用极美。
【气味】味甘、咸，性寒，无毒。李时珍说：据李九华记载：章鱼性冷但不致泻。
（《本草拾遗》）
【释名】邵阳鱼（《食鉴》写作少阳）、荷鱼（《广韵》写作某种字形）、鱼（读音同“忿”）、鱼（读音同“铺毗”）、蕃...
李时珍说：“海鹞”是象形命名。“少阳”、“荷”，都是形容其颜色和形状。其余含义不详。
【集解】陈藏器说：产于东海。形状像鹞鹰，有肉翅，能飞上石头。牙齿像石板一样。尾巴有大毒，遇到食物时用尾巴拨动并吞食。它的尾巴刺伤人，严重的会导致死亡。等待人尿的地方钉住它，会导致人阴部肿痛，拔掉刺后才能痊愈。海边人被其毒刺伤，用鱼竹和海獭皮可以解毒。还有鼠尾鱼、地青鱼，都产于南海，都有肉翅，刺在尾巴中间。吃的时候去掉刺即可。
李时珍说：海中很多，江湖中也偶尔有。形状像盘子和荷叶，大的周长七尺，腹部白色。口在腹部下面，眼睛在额头上。尾巴长且有节，蛰人毒性很大。皮色和肉质味道，都与某种鱼相同。肉里全是骨，节节相连，脆软可食，吴地人将其制成腊味。《魏武食制》说：蕃踏...《录异》说：鸡子鱼，嘴形如...这也是海鹞的一类。
【气味】味甘、咸，性平，无毒。
李时珍说：有小毒。
【主治】对人无益（陶弘景）。男子白浊膏淋，阴茎涩痛（宁源）。
齿：无毒。
尾：有毒。
【主治】牙痛（陶弘景）。
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Zhangju (Korean pronunciation), Yu (pronounced "ji").
[Collected Explanations] Su Song stated: The octopus (Zhangyu) and Shiju are two substances that resemble the cuttlefish but are slightly larger, with a more exquisite taste. They are valued primarily as food and are not used in medicine.
Li Shizhen stated: The octopus is produced in the South Sea. Its shape resembles the cuttlefish but is larger, with eight tentacles and fleshy body tissue. People in Fujian and Guangdong often collect fresh specimens, eating them with ginger and vinegar; the taste is similar to that of jellyfish. This refers to what Han Yu described as "Zhangju, armored like a horse's pillar, fighting by displaying their strangeness." Shiju is of the same category, with a small body and long tentacles, which are extremely delicious when salted and roasted.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, salty, cold, non-toxic. Li Shizhen stated: According to Li Jiu Hua, the octopus is cold in nature but does not cause diarrhea.
[Indications] Nourishes blood and benefits qi (supplemented by Li Shizhen).
(Additional Records from Bencao)
[Names] Shaoyang fish (written as Shaoyang in *Shi Jian*), He fish (written as a specific character in *Guang Yun*), Yu (pronounced "fen"), Yu (pronounced "pupi"), Fan...
Li Shizhen stated: "Haiyao" (Sea Kite) is named based on its shape. "Shaoyang" and "He" both refer to its color and form. The meanings of the others are unclear.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: It is produced in the East Sea. Its shape resembles a kite, with fleshy wings, allowing it to fly onto rocks. Its teeth are like stone slabs. Its tail carries severe poison; it encounters food by flicking it with its tail and then eating it. If its tail stings a person, severe cases can lead to death. If placed where human urine is present, it causes swelling and pain in the genitals; healing occurs only after removing the sting. Seafarers stung by this poison can be treated using fish bamboo (Yuzhu) and sea otter skin to resolve the toxicity. There are also Mouse-tail fish and Diqing fish, both produced in the South Sea, possessing fleshy wings with stingers located in the tail. One must remove the stinger before consuming the meat.
Li Shizhen stated: They are abundant in the sea and occasionally found in rivers and lakes. Their shape resembles a plate or a lotus leaf; large specimens have a circumference of seven chi, with white bellies. The mouth is located under the abdomen, and the eyes are on the forehead. The tail is long and segmented, and its sting is highly toxic. The skin color and flesh taste are identical to those of [a certain fish]. The flesh contains bones throughout, connected segment by segment, crisp and soft enough to eat; people in Wu region dry them into preserved meat (*La*). *Wei Wu Shi Zhi* states: Fan Ta... *Lu Yi* states: Ji Zi fish, whose beak shape is like... This is also a type of Haiyao.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, salty, neutral, non-toxic.
Li Shizhen stated: It has slight toxicity.
[Indications] Not beneficial to humans (Tao Hongjing). For men suffering from white turbid discharge and creamy urinary obstruction, with涩 pain in the penis (Ning Yuan).
Teeth: Non-toxic.
[Indications] Malaria caused by miasma (Zhangnue), burnt to black ash, ground into powder, taken with wine, two qian bi per dose (Chen Zangqi).
Tail: Toxic.
[Indications] Toothache (Tao Hongjing).