（《日华》）
【释名】耳垢（《纲目》）、脑膏（《日华》）、泥丸脂。
时珍曰∶《修真指南》云∶肾气从脾右畔上入于耳，化为耳塞。耳者，肾之窍也。肾气
通则无塞，塞则气不通，故谓之塞。
【气味】咸、苦，温，有毒。
【主治】癫狂、鬼神及嗜酒（大明）。蛇、虫、蜈蚣螫者，涂之良（时珍）。
【附方】新六。
蛇虫螫伤∶人耳垢、蚯蚓屎，和涂，出尽黄水，立愈。（《寿域方》）
破伤中风∶用病患耳中膜，并刮爪甲上末，唾调，涂疮口，立效。（《儒门事亲》方）
抓疮伤水，肿痛难忍者∶以耳垢封之，一夕水尽出而愈。郑师甫云∶余常病此，一丐传
此方。（《医说》）
疔疽恶疮∶生人脑（即耳塞也）、盐泥等分，研匀，以蒲公英汁和作小饼封之，大有效。
（《圣惠》）
一切目疾∶耳塞晒干。每以粟许，夜夜点之。（《圣惠方》）
小儿夜啼惊热∶用人耳塞五分，石莲心、人参各五钱，乳香二分，灯花一字，丹砂一分，
为末。每薄荷汤下五分。（《普济》）
（《纲目》）
【释名】筋退。
时珍曰∶爪甲者，筋之余，胆之外候也。《灵枢经》云∶肝应爪，爪浓色黄者胆浓，爪
薄色红者胆薄；爪坚色青者胆急，爪软色赤者胆缓；爪直色白无纹者胆直，爪恶色黑多纹者
胆结。
【气味】甘、咸、平，无毒。
【主治】鼻衄，细刮搐之，立愈。独不可备，则众人甲亦可（宗 ）。催生，下胞衣，
利小便，治尿血，及阴阳易病，破伤中风，去目翳（时珍）。怀妊妇人爪甲，取末点目，去
翳障（藏器）。
【附方】旧二，新十八。
斩三尸法∶《太上玄科》云∶常以庚辰日去手爪，甲午日去足爪。每年七月十六日将爪
甲烧灰，和水服之。三尸九虫皆灭，名曰斩三尸。一云∶甲寅日三尸游两手，剪去手爪甲，
甲午日三尸游两足，剪去足爪甲。消除香港脚∶每寅日割手足甲，少侵肉，去香港脚。（《外台
秘要》）
破伤中风∶手足十指甲，香油炒研，热酒调，呷服之，汗出便好。《普济》∶治破伤风，
手足颤掉，搐摇不已。用人手足指甲（烧存性）六钱，姜制南星、独活、丹砂各二钱，为末。
分作二服，酒下，立效。
小儿腹胀∶父母指爪甲烧灰，敷乳上饮之。（《千金》）
小便转胞∶自取爪甲，烧灰水服。
男女淋疾∶同上。（并《肘后》）
小便尿血∶人指甲半钱，头发二钱半，烧研末。每服一钱，空心温酒下。（《圣济录》）
妊娠尿血∶取夫爪甲烧灰，酒服。（《千金方》）
胞衣不下∶取本妇手足爪甲，烧灰酒服。即令有力妇人抱起，将竹筒于胸前赶下。（《圣
惠
诸痔肿痛∶蚕茧内入男子指甲令满，外用童子顶发缠裹，烧存性，研末，蜜调敷之。仍
日日吞牛胆制过槐子，甚效。（万表《积善堂方》）
针刺入肉∶凡针折入肉，及竹木刺者。刮人指甲末，同酸枣仁捣烂，唾调涂之。次日定
出。（《普济方》）
飞丝入目∶刮爪甲末，箸头同津液点之，其丝自聚拔出也。（危氏《得效方》）
物入目中∶左手爪甲，刀刮屑末，灯草蘸点翳上，三次即出也。
痘生翳，一切目疾∶并以木贼擦取爪甲末，同朱砂末等分，研匀，以露水搜，丸
大。每以一粒点入目内。（《圣惠》）
目生花翳∶刀刮爪甲细末，和乳点之。（《集简方》）
目生珠管∶手爪甲（烧灰）、贝齿（烧灰）、龙骨各半两为末。每用少许，点珠管上，日
点三四次。（《圣惠方》）
积年泻血，百药不效∶用人指甲（炒焦）、麝香各二钱半，干姜（炮）三两，白矾（枯
过）、败皮巾（烧灰）各一两，为末。每粥饮一钱，日二服。（《圣济总录》）
鼻出衄血∶刀刮指甲细末，吹之即止，试验。（《简便方》）
（引自《日华子本草》）
【释名】耳垢（出自《本草纲目》）、脑膏（出自《日华子本草》）、泥丸脂。
李时珍说：《修真指南》记载：肾气从脾脏右侧上行进入耳朵，转化为耳塞（即耳垢）。耳朵是肾的窍穴。肾气通畅则没有堵塞，堵塞则气机不通，所以称为“塞”。
【气味】味咸、苦，性温，有毒。
【主治】癫狂病、鬼神作祟及嗜酒之症（出自《大明本草》）。被蛇、虫、蜈蚣咬伤的人，涂抹此物效果良好（李时珍）。
【附方】新增六首。
蛇虫咬伤：用人耳垢、蚯蚓屎，混合后涂抹患处，使黄水排尽，立即痊愈。（出自《寿域方》）
破伤中风：使用患者耳中的薄膜，并刮取指甲上的粉末，用唾液调和，涂抹在疮口上，立即见效。（出自《儒门事亲》方）
抓挠导致的疮疡感染水湿，肿痛难以忍受：用耳垢封敷患处，一夜之间水液排尽而痊愈。郑师甫说：我常患此病，一位乞丐传授了这个方子。（出自《医说》）
疔疽恶疮：取活人的脑（即耳塞）、盐泥各等分，研磨均匀，用蒲公英汁调和做成小饼封敷患处，非常有效。（出自《圣惠方》）
各种眼疾：将耳塞晒干。每次取米粒大小，每晚点入眼中。（出自《圣惠方》）
小儿夜间啼哭、惊悸发热：取人耳塞五分，石莲心、人参各五钱，乳香二分，灯花一字，丹砂一分，研为细末。每次用薄荷汤送服五分。（出自《普济方》）
（引自《本草纲目》）
【主治】嘴唇紧缩的疮疡，用棉絮包裹烧成灰后敷于患处（出自《外台秘要》）。
（引自《本草纲目》）
【释名】筋退。
李时珍说：爪甲是筋的余气，也是胆的外在征候。《灵枢经》记载：肝对应爪甲，爪甲厚颜色黄的说明胆厚，爪甲薄颜色红的说明胆薄；爪甲坚硬颜色青的说明胆急迫，爪甲柔软颜色赤的说明胆弛缓；爪甲直挺颜色白无纹理的说明胆正直，爪甲丑陋颜色黑多纹理的说明胆郁结。
【气味】味甘、咸，性平，无毒。
【主治】鼻出血，细细刮取少许插入鼻孔，立即痊愈。如果独缺此药，众人的指甲也可以替代（陈藏器语）。用于催生、排出胎盘、通利小便、治疗尿血，以及阴阳易病、破伤中风、去除目翳（李时珍）。孕妇丈夫的指甲，取粉末点眼，可去翳障（陈藏器）。
【附方】旧方两首，新方十八首。
斩三尸法：《太上玄科》记载：常在庚辰日剪去手爪，甲午日剪去足爪。每年七月十六日将爪甲烧成灰，和水服用。三尸九虫皆灭，名叫斩三尸。另一种说法是：甲寅日三尸游走在双手，剪去手爪甲；甲午日三尸游走在双足，剪去足爪甲。
消除香港脚（足部疾病）：每逢寅日割下手足指甲，稍微侵入一点肉，可治香港脚。（出自《外台秘要》）
破伤中风：取手足十指甲，用香油炒焦后研磨，热酒调服，出汗即好。《普济方》记载：治疗破伤风，手足颤抖摇动不止。取用人手足指甲（烧至存性）六钱，姜制南星、独活、丹砂各二钱，研为细末。分两次服用，酒送下，立即见效。
小儿腹胀：取父母指爪甲烧成灰，敷在乳汁上让婴儿饮用。（出自《千金方》）
小便转胞（排尿困难）：自己取爪甲，烧成灰用水送服。
小便尿血：取人指甲半钱，头发二钱半，烧成灰研末。每次服用一钱，空腹用温酒送下。（出自《圣济录》）
胞衣不下：取该妇女的手足爪甲，烧成灰用酒送服。随即让有力气的妇人抱起患者，用竹筒在胸前赶压，促使胞衣下行。（出自《圣惠方》）
诸痔肿痛：将男子指甲填入蚕茧内使其填满，外用童子头顶发缠绕包裹，烧至存性，研为细末，用蜂蜜调和敷于患处。同时每天吞服牛胆汁炮制的槐子，非常有效。（万表《积善堂方》）
针刺入肉：凡是针折断在肉中，以及竹木刺入的情况。刮取人指甲末，同酸枣仁捣烂，用唾液调和涂敷。第二天定能取出。（出自《普济方》）
飞丝入目：刮取爪甲末，用筷子头蘸取津液点入眼中，飞丝自然会聚集拔出。（危氏《得效方》）
异物入目中：用左手爪甲，用刀刮取屑末，用灯草蘸取点在有翳障的地方，三次即可取出。
痘疹生翳，各种眼疾：都用木贼擦取爪甲末，同朱砂末等分，研磨均匀，用露水调和，制成大丸药。每次取一粒点入眼中。（出自《圣惠方》）
目生珠管（眼球突出或赘生物）：手爪甲（烧灰）、贝齿（烧灰）、龙骨各半两，研为细末。每次取少许，点在珠管上，每天点三四次。（出自《圣惠方》）
多年泻血，百药无效：取人指甲（炒焦）、麝香各二钱半，干姜（炮制）三两，白矾（枯过）、败皮巾（烧灰）各一两，研为细末。每次用米粥饮送服一钱，每天服用两次。（出自《圣济总录》）
(Quoted from *Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*)
[Names] Earwax (from *Ben Cao Gang Mu*), Brain Paste (from *Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*), Mud Pill Fat.
Li Shizhen states: According to *Xiu Zhen Zhi Nan* (Guide to Cultivation), Kidney Qi ascends from the right side of the Spleen into the ear, transforming into "Er Sai" (earwax). The ears are the orifices of the Kidneys. When Kidney Qi is unobstructed, there is no blockage; when blocked, Qi flow is impeded, hence it is called "Sai" (blockage).
[Properties and Flavor] Salty, bitter, warm, toxic.
[Indications] Mania, possession by spirits, and alcoholism (from *Da Ming Ben Cao*). For bites/stings from snakes, insects, and centipedes, applying this substance is effective (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Six new prescriptions.
Snake and insect bites: Mix human earwax with earthworm excrement and apply to the wound. Allow yellow fluid to drain completely for immediate cure. (*Shou Yu Fang*)
Traumatic wind-stroke: Use the membrane from the patient's ear and scrape powder from fingernails. Mix with saliva and apply to the wound for immediate effect. (*Ru Men Shi Qin*)
Ulcers caused by scratching infected with water-dampness, unbearable swelling and pain: Seal the area with earwax. After one night, all fluid drains out and healing occurs. Zheng Shifu said: I often suffered from this condition, and a beggar passed on this prescription. (*Yi Shuo*)
Carbuncles and malignant sores: Take fresh brain (i.e., earwax) and salt mud in equal parts, grind evenly. Mix with dandelion juice to form small cakes and apply as a sealant. Highly effective. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
All eye diseases: Dry the earwax. Each time, take an amount the size of a millet grain and instill nightly. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Infant nocturnal crying, fright, and fever: Take 5 fen of human earwax, 5 qian each of Stone Lotus Heart (*Nelumbinis Plumula*) and Ginseng Root (*Ren Shen*), 2 fen of Frankincense (*Ru Xiang*), 1 zi of Lamp Wick Flower (*Deng Hua*), and 1 fen of Cinnabar (*Dan Sha*). Grind into powder. Administer 5 fen per dose with mint decoction. (*Pu Ji Fang*)
(Quoted from *Ben Cao Gang Mu*)
[Indications] Tight-lipped ulcers: Wrap in cotton, burn to ash, and apply externally. (*Wai Tai Mi Yao*)
(Quoted from *Ben Cao Gang Mu*)
[Names] Sinus Retraction.
Li Shizhen states: Nails are the surplus of tendons and the external manifestation of the Gallbladder. The *Ling Shu Jing* states: The Liver corresponds to nails. Thick nails with yellow color indicate a thick Gallbladder; thin nails with red color indicate a thin Gallbladder. Hard nails with blue-green color indicate a tense Gallbladder; soft nails with red color indicate a relaxed Gallbladder. Straight nails with white color and no lines indicate a straightforward Gallbladder; ugly nails with black color and many lines indicate a knotted Gallbladder.
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Epistaxis: Scrape finely and insufflate into the nostril for immediate cessation. If unavailable, nails from others can be used (Chen Cangqi). Used to induce labor, expel the placenta, promote urination, treat hematuria, Yin-Yang exchange disease, traumatic wind-stroke, and remove corneal opacities (Li Shizhen). Powder from the husband's nails of a pregnant woman, instilled in the eyes, removes opacities (Chen Cangqi).
[Attached Prescriptions] Two old prescriptions, eighteen new prescriptions.
Method to Cut Off the Three Corpses: *Tai Shang Xuan Ke* records: Usually cut hand nails on Geng Chen day and foot nails on Jia Wu day. On the 16th day of the seventh lunar month annually, burn the nails to ash and ingest with water. This eliminates the Three Corpses and Nine Worms, named "Cutting Off the Three Corpses." Another version says: On Jia Yin day, the Three Corpses roam the hands, so cut hand nails; on Jia Wu day, they roam the feet, so cut foot nails.
Eliminate Hong Kong Foot (podagra/tinea pedis): Cut hand and foot nails on every Yin day, slightly cutting into the flesh, to treat Hong Kong Foot. (*Wai Tai Mi Yao*)
Traumatic wind-stroke: Stir-fry ten finger/toe nails in sesame oil until charred, grind, and mix with hot wine for sipping. Sweating leads to recovery. *Pu Ji Fang*: Treats traumatic wind with trembling limbs. Take 6 qian of human finger/toe nails (burned to retain nature), 2 qian each of Rhizoma Arisaematis prepared with ginger (*Nan Xing*), Radix Angelicae Pubescentis (*Du Huo*), and Cinnabar (*Dan Sha*). Grind to powder. Divide into two doses, taken with wine for immediate effect.
Infant abdominal distension: Burn parents' fingernails to ash, apply to breast milk, and feed. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Urinary retention due to bladder torsion: Self-take nails, burn to ash, and ingest with water.
Gonorrhea in men and women: Same as above. (*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang*)
Hematuria: Take 0.5 qian of human nails and 2.5 qian of hair. Burn to ash and grind. Take 1 qian per dose with warm wine on an empty stomach. (*Sheng Ji Lu*)
Hematuria during pregnancy: Take husband's nails, burn to ash, and ingest with wine. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Retained placenta: Take the woman's own hand and foot nails, burn to ash, and ingest with wine. Immediately have a strong woman lift the patient and use a bamboo tube to press against the chest to force expulsion. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Various hemorrhoids with swelling and pain: Fill silkworm cocoons with male nails. Wrap externally with hair from a boy's crown. Burn to retain nature, grind to powder, and mix with honey for topical application. Also, daily ingestion of Sophora Fructus (*Huai Zi*) processed with ox bile is very effective. (*Wan Biao, Ji Shan Tang Fang*)
Needle embedded in flesh: For broken needles or splinters of bamboo/wood. Scrape human nail powder, mix with crushed Semen Ziziphus Spinosae (*Suan Zao Ren*), apply with saliva. It will come out the next day. (*Pu Ji Fang*)
Flying thread entering the eye: Scrape nail powder, dip a chopstick tip in saliva, and instill. The thread will gather and be pulled out. (*Wei Shi, De Xiao Fang*)
Foreign body in the eye: Scrape left-hand nail powder. Dip a rush pith (*Deng Cao*) in the powder and touch the opacity. It will exit after three applications.
Opacities from smallpox and all eye diseases: Rub Equisetum Hiemale (*Mu Zei*) to collect nail powder. Mix equally with Cinnabar powder (*Zhu Sha*), grind evenly, and knead with dew water into large pills. Instill one pill into the eye each time. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Flower-like corneal opacity: Scrape fine nail powder, mix with milk, and instill. (*Ji Jian Fang*)
Pear-shaped tube growth in eye: Burn hand nails, burn shell teeth, and burn dragon bone (*Long Gu*) in equal parts (0.5 liang each). Grind to powder. Apply a small amount to the growth 3-4 times daily. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Chronic bloody diarrhea, refractory to all medicines: Take 2.5 qian each of human nails (stir-fried until charred) and Musk (*She Xiang*), 3 liang of dried ginger (*Gan Jiang*, roasted), and 1 liang each of Alum (*Bai Fan*, calcined) and burnt rag cloth (*Bai Pi Jin*). Grind to powder. Take 1 qian with rice drink, twice daily. (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu*)
Epistaxis: Scrape fine nail powder and insufflate into the nose to stop bleeding immediately. Tested and verified. (*Jian Bian Fang*)