（《拾遗》）
【释名】蒲颓子（《纲目》）、卢都子（《纲目
黄婆奶。
时珍曰∶陶弘景注山茱萸及樱桃，皆言似胡颓子，（凌冬不凋，亦应益人），陈
山茱萸下详注之，别无识者。今考访之，即雷 《炮炙论》所谓雀儿酥也，雀儿喜食之。越
人呼为蒲颓子。南人呼为卢都子。吴人呼为半含春，言早熟也。襄汉人呼为黄婆奶，象乳头
也。刘绩《霏雪录》言安南有小果，红色，名卢都子，则卢都乃蛮语也。
【集解】藏器曰∶胡颓子生平林间，树高丈余，冬不凋，叶阴白，
小儿食之当果。又有一种大相似，冬凋春实夏熟，人呼为木半夏，无别功效。
颓即卢都子也。其树高六、七尺，其枝柔软如蔓。其叶微似棠梨，长狭而尖，面青背白，俱
有细点如星，老则星起如麸，经冬不凋。春前生花朵如丁香，蒂极细，倒垂，正月乃敷白花。
结实小长，俨如山茱萸，上亦有细星斑点，生青熟红，立夏前采食，酸涩。核亦如山茱萸，
但有八棱，软而不坚。核内白绵如丝，中有小仁。其木半夏，树、叶、花、实及星斑气味，
并与卢都同；但枝强硬，叶微团而有尖，其实圆如樱桃而不长为异耳。立夏后始熟，故吴楚
人呼为四月子，亦曰野樱桃。其核亦八棱，大抵是一类二种也。
子
【气味】酸，平，无毒。
弘景曰∶寒热病不可用。
【主治】止水痢（藏器）。
根
【气味】同子。
【主治】煎汤，洗恶疮疥并犬马 疮（藏器）。吐血不止，煎水饮之；喉痹痛塞，煎酒
灌之，皆效（时珍）
叶
【气味】同子。
【主治】肺虚短气喘咳剧者，取叶焙研，米饮服二钱（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶蒲颓叶治喘咳方，出《中藏经》，云甚者亦效如神。云有人患喘三十
年，服之顿愈。甚者服药后，胸上生小瘾疹作痒，则瘥也。虚甚，加人参等分，名清肺散。
大抵皆取其酸涩，收敛肺气耗散之功耳。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】蒲颓子（出自《本草纲目》）、卢都子（出自《本草纲目》）、黄婆奶。
李时珍说：陶弘景在注释山茱萸和樱桃时，都说它们像胡颓子，（胡颓子凌冬不凋谢，也应该对人有益），陈藏器在山茱萸下详细注释了这一点，但没有其他人识别清楚。如今考察探访得知，这就是雷斅《雷公炮炙论》中所说的“雀儿酥”，麻雀喜欢食用它。越地人叫它蒲颓子。南方人叫它卢都子。吴地人叫它半含春，意思是它早熟。襄汉地区的人叫它黄婆奶，是因为它的形状像乳头。刘绩在《霏雪录》中说安南有一种小果实，红色，名叫卢都子，那么“卢都”就是蛮族语言。
【集解】陈藏器说：胡颓子生长在树林间，树高一丈多，冬天不落叶，叶子背面呈白色，小孩把它当水果吃。又有一种与它非常相似，冬天落叶春天结果夏天成熟，人们叫它木半夏，没有其他的功效。
胡颓子就是卢都子。这种树高六、七尺，枝条柔软像藤蔓。叶子微微像棠梨，长而狭且尖，正面青色背面白色，都有细小的斑点像星星一样，老了之后斑点凸起像麦麸，经过冬天也不凋谢。春节前生出花朵像丁香，花蒂极细，倒垂下来，正月才开出白花。结出的果实小而长，俨然像山茱萸，上面也有细小的星状斑点，生时青色熟时红色，立夏前采摘食用，味道酸涩。果核也像山茱萸，但有八条棱，质地软而不坚硬。核内白色的绵絮如丝，中间有小仁。那木半夏，树、叶、花、果实以及星状斑点的气味，都与卢都子相同；只是枝条强硬，叶子微圆而有尖，果实圆像樱桃而不长，这是不同之处罢了。立夏后才成熟，所以吴楚地区的人叫它四月子，也叫野樱桃。它的果核也是八棱，大体上是同一类两种。
【气味】味酸，性平，无毒。
【主治】止住水样痢疾（陈藏器）。
根
【气味】与果实相同。
【主治】煎汤，洗涤恶疮疥癣以及犬马疮（陈藏器）。吐血不止，煎水饮用；喉痹痛塞，煎酒灌服，都有效（李时珍）。
叶
【气味】与果实相同。
【主治】肺虚导致短气喘息咳嗽剧烈者，取叶子焙干研末，用米饮送服二钱（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：蒲颓叶治疗喘咳的方子，出自《中藏经》，说病情严重的也效如神明。说有人患喘证三十年，服用后立刻痊愈。病情严重的服药后，胸部生出小瘾疹发痒，病就好了。如果虚损严重，加入等分的人参，名叫清肺散。大抵都是利用它酸涩收敛肺气耗散的功效罢了。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
**Names** Putuizi (from *Bencao Gangmu* [Compendium of Materia Medica]), Luduzi (from *Bencao Gangmu*), Huangponai.
Li Shizhen said: Tao Hongjing, in his annotations on Cornus officinalis (Shanzhuyu) and Prunus pseudocerasus (Yingtao), both stated that they resemble Eriobotrya japonica (Hutui zi). [Eriobotrya japonica does not shed leaves in winter and should also be beneficial to humans.] Chen Cangqi provided detailed notes on Cornus officinalis below, but no one else recognized it clearly. Upon current investigation and inquiry, it is indeed what Lei Xiao referred to as "Que'er Su" in *Leigong Paozhi Lun* [Lei's Manual of Processing Medicinal Substances], which sparrows like to eat. People in the Yue region call it Putuizi. People in the southern regions call it Luduzi. People in the Wu region call it Banhan Chun, indicating that it ripens early. People in the Xiang-Han region call it Huangponai, likening its shape to a human nipple. Liu Ji, in *Feixue Lu* [Record of Falling Snow], mentioned that Annan has a small red fruit named Luduzi; thus, "Ludu" is a barbarian term.
**Collection and Explanation** Chen Cangqi said: Eriobotrya japonica grows naturally in forests, reaching heights of over one zhang (approx. 3.3 meters). It retains its leaves through winter, with white undersides on the foliage, and children eat it as a fruit. There is another variety very similar to it, which sheds leaves in winter, fruits in spring, and ripens in summer. People call this Mu Banxia [Amorpha fruticosa or similar shrub], which possesses no other therapeutic effects.
Eriobotrya japonica is Luduzi. The tree is six to seven chi (approx. 2-2.3 meters) high, with soft branches resembling vines. The leaves are slightly similar to those of Pyrus betulaefolia (Tangli), being long, narrow, and pointed, with green upper surfaces and white lower surfaces, both covered in fine spots like stars. As the leaves age, these spots become raised like bran, yet they remain evergreen through winter. Before spring, flowers emerge resembling Syringa oblata (Dingxiang), with extremely thin pedicels hanging downwards, blooming with white flowers in the first lunar month. The fruits are small and elongated, resembling Cornus officinalis, also bearing fine star-like spots; they are green when raw and red when ripe. They can be harvested and eaten before Lixia (Start of Summer), tasting sour and astringent. The seeds resemble those of Cornus officinalis but have eight ridges, are soft rather than hard. Inside the seed is white, silk-like pulp containing a small kernel.
The Mu Banxia shares the same tree structure, leaves, flowers, fruits, and star-like spot characteristics and odor as Luduzi; however, its branches are stiff and hard, its leaves are slightly rounder with pointed tips, and its fruits are round like cherries rather than elongated. These are the differences. It ripens after Lixia, hence people in the Wu and Chu regions call it Siziyue (Fourth Month Fruit) or Ye Yingtao (Wild Cherry). Its seeds also have eight ridges. Generally, they belong to the same category but are two different species.
**Flavor and Properties** Sour, neutral, non-toxic.
Tao Hongjing said: It should not be used for cold-heat diseases.
**Therapeutic Actions** Stops watery dysentery (Chen Cangqi).
**Roots**
**Flavor and Properties** Same as the fruit.
**Therapeutic Actions** Decocted in water, washes severe sores, scabies, and sores from dog or horse bites (Chen Cangqi). For incessant hemoptysis, drink the decoction; for laryngeal obstruction with pain and blockage, administer wine decoction orally; both are effective (Li Shizhen).
**Leaves**
**Flavor and Properties** Same as the fruit.
**Therapeutic Actions** For patients with lung deficiency causing shortness of breath, wheezing, and severe coughing, take the leaves, bake them until dry, grind into powder, and take two qian (approx. 6 grams) with rice water (Li Shizhen).
**Elucidation** Li Shizhen said: The formula for using Eriobotrya japonica leaves to treat wheezing and coughing originates from *Zhongzang Jing* [Classic of Middle Viscera], stating that even in severe cases, it is as effective as divine intervention. It is recorded that someone suffering from asthma for thirty years was instantly cured by taking it. In severe cases, after taking the medicine, small urticaria rashes may appear on the chest causing itching, which indicates recovery. If the deficiency is extreme, add an equal amount of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra (Renshen), naming the formula Qingfei San [Clear Lung Powder]. Broadly speaking, all these applications rely on its sour and astringent properties to consolidate and stop the dispersion of Lung Qi.