（《拾遗》）
【正误】旧标作 蚜，今据《尔雅》改作草蜘蛛。见下。
【集解】藏器曰∶ 在孔穴
入。形段微似蜘蛛而斑小。陶言
时珍曰∶《尔雅》∶ ， 蝥也。草 ，在草上络幕者
《尔雅》相合。而陈氏所谓 ，即《尔
药亦取其大者尔。有甚毒者，不可不知。
李氏《三元书》云∶草上花蜘蛛丝最毒，能缠断牛尾。有人遗尿，丝缠其阴至断烂也。
又沈存中《笔谈》言∶草上花蜘蛛咬人，为天蛇毒，则误矣。详见鳞部天蛇下。
【气味】缺。
【主治】出疔肿根，捣膏涂之（藏器）。
丝
【主治】去瘤赘疣子，禳疟疾（时珍）。
【附方】新二。
瘤疣∶用稻上花蜘蛛十余，安桃枝上，待丝垂下，取东边者捻为线系之，七日一换，自
消落也。（《总微论》）
截疟∶五月五日取花蜘蛛，晒干，绛囊盛之，临期，男左女右系臂上，勿令知之。（《普
济方》）
（《拾遗》）
【释名】壁镜。
时珍曰∶皆以窠形命名也。
【集解】藏器曰∶壁钱虫似蜘蛛，作白幕如钱，贴墙壁间，北人呼为壁茧。
时珍曰∶大如蜘蛛，而形扁斑色，八足而长。亦时蜕壳，其膜色光白如茧。或云∶其虫
有毒，咬人至死。惟以桑柴灰煎取汁，调白矾末敷之。妙。
【气味】无毒。
【主治】鼻衄，及金疮出血不止，捺取虫汁，注鼻中及点疮上。亦疗外野鸡病下血（藏
器）。治大人、小儿急疳，牙蚀腐臭，以壁虫同人中白等分
出《圣惠》等方）。
【附方】新一。
喉痹乳蛾∶已死者复活。用墙上壁钱七个，内要活蛛二枚，捻作一处，以白矾七分一块，
化开，以壁钱惹矾，烧存性，出火
窠幕
【主治】小儿呕逆，取二七枚煮汁饮之（藏器）
产后咳逆，三、五日不止欲死者，取三、五个煎汁，呷之，良。又止金疮、诸疮出
止，及治疮口不敛，取茧频贴之。止虫牙痛（时珍）。
【附方】
虫牙疼痛∶《普济方》∶以壁上白
丸
之，纳入牙中甚效。又以乳香入
耳，左痛塞右，右痛塞左，手
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【正误】旧版标注为“蚜”，如今依据《尔雅》改为“草蜘蛛”。详见下文。
【集解】藏器说：它从孔穴中出入。形状段落略微像蜘蛛，但斑点较小。陶弘景所说的……
李时珍说：《尔雅》记载：“……是蝥。”草上结网幕的蜘蛛，与《尔雅》相符。而陈氏所说的……即《尔雅》中的药，也是取其体型较大的罢了。其中有剧毒的，不可不知道。
李氏《三元书》说：草上的花蜘蛛丝毒性最烈，能缠断牛尾巴。有人遗尿，蛛丝缠绕其阴部直至腐烂断裂。
另外沈括《笔谈》说：草上的花蜘蛛咬人，是天蛇毒，这就错了。详见鳞部天蛇下。
【气味】缺。
【附方】新收录二则。
瘤疣：用稻秆上的花蜘蛛十余只，放在桃树枝上，待蛛丝垂下，取东边的丝捻成线系在患处，七天更换一次，自然脱落。（《总微论》）
截疟：五月五日采集花蜘蛛，晒干，用红色袋子装好，发作时，男子系在左臂，女子系在右臂，不要让病人知道。（《普济方》）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】壁镜。
李时珍说：都是根据巢穴的形状来命名的。
【集解】藏器说：壁钱虫像蜘蛛，结白色的幕如铜钱状，贴在墙壁间，北方人称为壁茧。
李时珍说：体型大如蜘蛛，形体扁平有斑纹颜色，八条腿且长。也时常蜕壳，其膜色光亮洁白如蚕茧。有人说：这种虫有毒，咬人致死。只有用桑柴灰煎取汁液，调和白矾末敷涂患处。效果奇妙。
【气味】无毒。
【主治】鼻出血，以及金创出血不止，按压取出虫汁，滴入鼻中及点涂疮口上。也能治疗外野鸡病引起的下血（藏器）。治疗大人、小儿急疳，牙齿腐蚀腐臭，将壁钱虫与人中白等分使用（出自《圣惠方》等方剂）。
【附方】新收录一则。
喉痹乳蛾：已死之人复活。用墙上壁钱七个，其中要包含活蜘蛛两只，揉捏在一起，用七分的一块白矾，化开，用壁钱沾染矾，烧至存性，出火气……
【主治】小儿呕吐逆气，取十四枚煮汁饮用（藏器）。
产后咳逆，三、五天不止快要死去的，取三、五个煎汁，少量频饮，效果好。又能止住金创、各种疮口出血，以及治疗疮口不收敛，频繁贴敷茧即可。止虫牙痛（李时珍）。
【附方】
虫牙疼痛：《普济方》：将壁上白……丸……纳入牙中，非常有效。又将乳香放入耳中，左边痛塞右边耳朵，右边痛塞左边耳朵，手……
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Correction] The old editions labeled it as "Ya" (aphid), but now it is corrected to "Caozhizhu" (Grass Spider) based on *Erya* [An Etymological Dictionary]. See below.
[Collected Explanations] Zang Qi said: It enters and exits from holes. Its shape and segments are slightly similar to a spider, but the spots are smaller. Tao Hongjing mentioned...
Li Shizhen said: *Erya* records: "...is Mao." Spiders that weave nets on grass match the description in *Erya*. What Chen Shi referred to as... is indeed the medicine mentioned in *Erya*, which also selects the larger specimens. Some have severe toxicity, which must be known.
Li's *Sanyuan Shu* states: The silk of flower spiders on grass is the most toxic, capable of snapping ox tails. If someone urinates, the silk can wrap around their genitals until they rot and break.
Additionally, Shen Kuo's *Bush Tan* states that bites from flower spiders on grass cause "Tianshe Du" (Heavenly Snake Poison), which is incorrect. See details under Tianshe in the Scales section.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Missing.
[Therapeutic Actions] Extracts the root of Dingzhong (carbuncle swelling); mash into a paste and apply externally (Zang Qi).
[Silk]
[Therapeutic Actions] Removes tumors, warts, and excrescences; wards off Malaria (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Two new prescriptions.
For Tumors and Warts: Take more than ten flower spiders from rice stalks, place them on peach tree branches, wait for the silk to hang down, take the silk from the east side, twist it into a thread, and tie it around the affected area. Change once every seven days, and it will naturally fall off (*Zongwei Lun*).
To Stop Malaria: On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, collect flower spiders, dry them, and store them in a crimson bag. At the time of onset, tie it to the left arm for men and the right arm for women, without letting the patient know (*Pujifang*).
(From *Bencao Shiyi*)
[Names] Bijing.
Li Shizhen said: All are named according to the shape of their nests.
[Collected Explanations] Zang Qi said: The Biqian insect resembles a spider, weaving a white web like a coin, adhering to walls. People in the north call it Bijian.
Li Shizhen said: It is as large as a spider, with a flat body and spotted coloration, having eight long legs. It also molts occasionally; its membrane is bright white like a silkworm cocoon. Some say this insect is poisonous and can bite people to death. Only by decocting mulberry branch ash to extract juice and mixing it with Bai Fan (Alumen) powder for topical application is it effective. This is wonderful.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats Epistaxis (nosebleed) and continuous bleeding from Jinchuang (metal wounds); press to obtain insect juice, drip into the nose and spot on the wound. Also treats lower bleeding caused by external Yejibing (wild chicken disease) (Zang Qi). Treats acute Gan in adults and children, where teeth corrode and smell foul; use Biqian Chong (Wall Money Insect) and Renzhongbai (Urine Sediment) in equal parts (from *Shenghui Fang* etc.).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
For Houbi (Sore Throat) and Ru'e (Tonsillitis): Reviving the dead. Use seven Biqian from the wall, including two live spiders, knead them together, take 7 fen of Baifen (Alum), dissolve it, dip the Biqian into the alum solution, burn until the nature remains, remove from fire...
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats infant vomiting and regurgitation; take fourteen pieces, decoct in water, and drink (Zang Qi).
For postpartum cough and hiccup lasting three to five days, nearing death; decoct three to five pieces and sip slowly, which is beneficial. Also stops bleeding from Jinchuang and various sores, and treats non-healing sore openings; frequently apply the cocoon. Stops toothache caused by insects (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions]
For Toothache Caused by Worms: *Pujifang*: Make pills from white substances on the wall... insert into the tooth, very effective. Also, put Ruxiang (Frankincense) into the ear; if pain is on the left, plug the right ear; if pain is on the right, plug the left ear; hand...