（《海药》）
【集解】 曰∶按∶《
《内传》云∶西海聚窟州有返魂树，状如枫、柏，花、叶香闻百里。采其根于釜中水煮
取汁，炼之如漆，乃香成也。其名有六∶曰返魂、惊精、回生、振灵、马精、却死。凡有疫
死者，烧豆许熏之再活，故曰返魂。时珍曰∶张华《博物志》云∶武帝时，西域月氏国，度
弱水贡此香三枚，大如燕卵，黑如桑椹。值长安大疫，西使请烧一枚辟之，宫中病者闻之即
起，香闻百里，数日不歇。疫死未三日者，熏之皆活，乃返生神药也。此说虽涉诡怪，然理
外之事，容或有之，未可便指为谬也。
【附录】兜木香 藏器曰∶《汉武故事》云∶西王母降，烧兜木香末，乃兜渠国所进，
如大豆。涂宫门，香闻百里。关中大疫，死者相枕，闻此香，疫皆止，死者皆起。此乃灵香，
非常物也。
（乔木类五十二种）
（《本经》上品）
【释名】黄檗（《别录》），根名檀桓。
时珍曰∶檗木名义未详。《本经》言檗木及根，不言檗皮，岂古时木与皮通用乎？俗作
黄柏者，省写之谬也。
【集解】《别录》曰∶柏木生汉中山谷及永昌。
弘景曰∶今出邵陵者，轻薄色深为胜。出东山者，浓而色浅。其根于道家入木芝品，今
人不知取服。又有一种小树，状如石榴，其皮黄而苦，俗呼为子柏，亦主口疮。又一种小树，
多刺，皮亦黄色，亦主口疮。
在有之。今云皮黄，谬矣。按∶今俗用子柏皆多刺小树，名刺柏，非小柏也。
《蜀本图经》云∶黄柏树高数丈。叶似吴茱萸，亦如紫椿，经冬不凋。皮
其根结块，如松下茯苓。今所在有，本出房、商、合等州山谷中。皮紧，浓二、三分
鲜黄者上。二月、五月采皮，晒干。
上用之。各适其宜尔。
【修治】 曰∶凡使柏皮，削去粗皮，用生蜜水浸半日，漉出晒干，用蜜涂，文武火炙，
令蜜尽为度。每五两，用蜜三两。元素曰∶二制治上焦，单制治中焦，不制治下焦也。时珍
曰∶黄柏性寒而沉，生用则降实火，熟用则不伤胃，酒制则治上，盐制则治下，蜜
【气味】苦，寒，无毒。
辛，阴中之阳，入足少阴经，为足太阳引经药。
入肾，燥湿所归，各从其类也。故《活人书
恶干漆，伏硫黄。
【主治】五脏肠胃中结热，黄胆肠痔，止泄痢，女子漏下赤白，阴伤蚀疮
疗惊气在皮间，肌肤热赤起，目热赤痛，口疮。久服通神（《别录》）。热
止消渴，杀蛀虫（藏器）。男子阴痿，及敷茎上疮，治下血如鸡鸭肝片
治骨蒸，洗肝明目，多泪，口干心热，杀疳虫，治蛔心痛，鼻衄，肠风下血，后分急热肿痛
（大明）。泻膀胱相火，补肾水不足，坚肾壮骨髓，疗下焦虚，诸痿瘫痪，利下窍，除热（元
素）。泻伏火，救肾水，治冲脉气逆，不渴而小便不通，诸疮痛不可忍（李杲）。
阴降火。得苍术，除湿清热，为治痿要药。得细辛，泻膀胱火，治口舌生疮（震亨）。
儿头疮（时珍）。
【发明】元素曰∶黄柏之用有六∶泻膀胱龙火，一也；利小便结，二也；除下焦湿肿，
三也；痢疾先见血，四也；脐中痛，五也；补肾不足，壮骨髓，六也。凡肾水膀胱不足，诸
痿厥脚膝无力，于黄 汤中加用，使两足膝中气力涌出，痿软即便去也，乃瘫痪必用之药。
蜜炒研末，治口疮如神。故《雷公炮炙论》云∶口疮舌坼，立愈黄酥。谓以酥炙根黄，含之
也。
及黄涩者。并用酒洗黄柏、知母为君，茯苓、泽泻为佐。凡小便不通而口渴者，邪热在气分，
肺中伏热不能生水，是绝小便之源也。法当用气味俱薄、淡渗之药，猪苓、泽泻之类，泻肺
火而清肺气，滋水之化源。若邪热在下焦血分，不渴而小便不通者，乃《素问》所谓无阴则
阳无以生、无阳则阴无以化。膀胱者州都之官，津液藏焉，气化则能出矣。法当用气味俱浓、
阴中之
破出水，双睛凸出，饮食不下，痛苦不可名状。治满、利小便、渗泄之药服遍矣。予诊之曰∶
此乃奉养太过，膏粱积热，损伤肾水，致膀胱久而干涸，小便不化，火又逆上，而为呕哕。
《难经》所谓关则不得小便，格则吐逆者。洁古老人言∶热在下焦，但治下焦，其病必愈。
遂处以北方寒水所化大苦寒之药，黄柏、知母各一两，酒洗焙碾，入桂一钱为引，熟水丸如
芡子大。每服二百丸，沸汤下。少时如刀刺前阴火烧之状，溺如瀑泉涌出，床下成流，顾盼
之间，肿胀消散。《内经》云∶热者寒之。肾恶燥，急食辛以润之。以黄柏之苦寒泻热、补
水润燥为君，
有泻火补阴之功，非阴中之火，不可用也。火有二∶君火者，人
可以水灭，可以直折，黄连之属可以制之；相火者，天火也，龙雷之火也，阴火也，不可以
水湿折之，当从其性而伏之，惟黄柏之属可以降之。
有金水相生之义。黄柏无知母，犹水母之无虾
清肺金，滋肾水之化源。故洁古、东垣、丹溪皆以为滋阴降火要药，上古所未言也。盖气为
阳，血为阴。邪火煎熬，则阴血渐涸，故阴虚火动之病须之。然必少壮气盛能食者，用之相
宜。若中气不足而邪火炽甚者，久服则有寒中之变。近时虚损，及纵欲求嗣之人，用补阴药，
往往以此二味为君，日日服饵。降令太过，脾胃受伤，真阳暗损，精气不暖，致生他病。盖
不知此物苦寒而滑渗，且苦味久服，有反从火化之害。故叶氏《医学统旨》有“四物加知母、
黄柏，久服伤胃，不能生阴”之戒。
【附方】旧十三，新三十。
阴火为病∶大补丸∶
用黄柏去皮，盐、酒炒褐为末，水丸梧子大。血虚，四物汤下；气虚，四君子汤下。（丹
溪方）
等症。黄柏（去皮，切）二斤，熟糯米一升（童子小便浸之，九浸九晒，蒸过晒研）。为末，
酒煮
面糊丸梧桐子大。每服一百丸，温酒送下。
作四分，用醇酒、蜜汤、盐
和丸梧桐子大。每服七十丸，白汤下。（《活人心统》）
毒痔漏，下血不止∶孙探
用酒、醋、童尿各浸七日，
下五十丸，久服除根。杨诚《经验方》百补丸∶专治诸虚赤白浊。用川柏皮（刮净）一斤（分
作四分，用酒、蜜、人乳、糯米泔各浸透）。炙干切研，廪米饭丸∶如上
皮丸∶黄柏一斤（分作四分，三分用醇酒、盐汤、童尿各浸二日焙研，一分用酥炙研末）。
以猪脏一条去膜，入药在内扎，煮熟捣丸。如上法服之。
白涂炙）。为
末，水丸绿豆大。每服七丸，温水下。名金虎丸。（《普济方》）
赤芍药四钱，为末，饭丸麻子大。每服一、二十丸，食前米饮下。（阎孝忠《
下痢白色，昼夜三、五十行∶根黄浓者，蜜炒令焦为末，大蒜煨熟，去皮捣烂作膏和丸梧桐
子大。每空心，米饮下三、五十丸，日三服。神妙不可述。（
削皮，焙为末，用米汤和，丸粟米大。每服一、二十丸，米汤下。（《十全博救方》）
淫及梦泄精滑∶真珠粉丸∶黄柏（炒）、真蛤粉各一斤，为末，滴水丸梧桐子大。每服一百
丸，
空
等分为末，糊丸梧桐子大。每服八十丸，盐汤下。（《洁古家珍》）
中有热∶宜清心丸主之。黄柏末一两，片脑一钱。炼蜜丸梧桐子大。每服十五丸，麦门冬汤
下。此大智禅师方也。（许学士《本事方》）
沸，渴即饮之，恣饮，数日即止。（韦宙《独行方》）
冬汤调服二钱，立瘥。（《经验方》）
每用一弹子大，纱帕包之，浸水一盏，饭上蒸熟，乘热熏洗，极效。此方有金木水火土，故
名五行汤。一丸可用
品方》）
痹痛∶黄柏片含之。又以一斤，酒一斗，煮二沸，恣饮便愈。（《肘后方》）
不通∶苦酒和黄柏末敷之，冷即易。（《肘后方》）
方》）
治心脾有热，舌颊生疮。蜜炙黄柏、青黛各一分，为末，入生
用黄柏、细辛等分为末，掺。或用黄柏、干姜等分，亦良。
铜绿二钱，为末。掺之，漱去涎。（《三因方》）
服。（《圣惠方》）
以蔷薇根汁调涂，立效。（《圣济录》）
香二钱半，为末，槐花煎水调作饼，贴于疮口。（《普济方》）
末，水调，贴足心。（《普济方》）
（《肘后方》）
柏皮（炒）、川乌头（炮）等分，为末。唾调涂之，留头，频以米泔水润湿。（《集简方》）小
儿
脐疮不合者∶黄柏末涂之。（《子母秘录》）
掺之即愈。（杨起《简便方》）
疮用黄柏、黄芩等分煎汤，洗之。仍以黄柏、黄连作末，敷之。又法∶黄柏煎汤洗之，涂以
白蜜。（《肘
一味。
一妇病此，人无识者，用此而愈。（张杲《医说》）
门事亲》）
柏末，面糊调涂，效。（《宣明方》）
【集解】 曰：据《内传》记载：西海聚窟州有返魂树，形状像枫树、柏树，花和叶的香气能传播到百里之外。在釜中用水煮取根部汁液，提炼后像漆一样，就成了香料。它的名号有六种：叫返魂、惊精、回生、振灵、马精、却死。凡是因瘟疫而死的人，烧一点（如豆大）来熏蒸，就能复活，所以叫返魂。李时珍说：张华《博物志》记载：汉武帝时期，西域月氏国，渡过弱水进贡这种香三枚，大小像燕卵，黑得像桑椹。正值长安发生大瘟疫，西方使者请求烧一枚来辟邪，宫中患病的人闻到它就起身了，香气传播百里，几天都不停歇。瘟疫死亡不到三天的人，用烟熏过都活了，这是返生的神药。这种说法虽然涉及怪异之事，但世间罕见的事情，或许确实存在，不能就断定它是荒谬的。
【附录】兜木香 藏器说：《汉武故事》记载：西王母降临，焚烧兜木香的粉末，这是兜渠国进献的，像大豆那么大。涂在宫门上，香气传播百里。关中地区发生大瘟疫，死者尸骨相枕藉，人们闻到这种香，瘟疫就停止了，死去的人都活了过来。这是灵验的香，不是普通的东西。
（乔木类五十二种）
（《本经》上品）
【释名】黄檗（出自《别录》），根名叫檀桓。
李时珍说：檗木的名称由来不详。《本经》只说檗木及根，没说檗皮，难道古时候木与皮通用吗？俗称为黄柏的，是书写简省的错误。
【集解】《别录》说：柏木生长在汉中山谷及永昌。
陶弘景说：现在出产于邵陵的，质地轻薄、颜色深的好。出产于东山的，质地浓重、颜色浅。它的根在道家被归入木芝品，现在的人不知道采集服用。又有一种小树，形状像石榴，皮黄色味苦，俗称子柏，也主治口疮。又一种小树，多刺，皮也是黄色，也主治口疮。在有之。现在说是皮黄，是错误的。按：现在民间用的子柏都是多刺的小树，名叫刺柏，不是小柏树。
《蜀本图经》说：黄柏树高数丈。叶子像吴茱萸，也像紫椿，过冬不凋落。皮紧实，厚二三分，鲜黄色的为上品。二月、五月采皮，晒干。
上用之。各适其宜罢了。
【修治】 曰：凡使用柏皮，削去粗皮，用生蜜水浸泡半天，捞出晒干，涂上蜜，用文武火炙烤，直到蜜尽为止。每五两皮，用蜜三两。李杲说：两种炮制法治上焦，单一炮制法治中焦，不炮制治下焦。李时珍说：黄柏性寒而沉，生用则降实火，熟用则不伤胃，酒制则治上部，盐制则治下部，蜜炒则滋阴降火。
【气味】苦，寒，无毒。辛，阴中之阳，入足少阴经，为足太阳引经药。
入肾，燥湿所归，各从其类也。故《活人书》云：恶干漆，伏硫黄。
【主治】五脏肠胃中结热，黄疸肠痔，止泄痢，女子漏下赤白，阴伤蚀疮，疗惊气在皮间，肌肤热赤起，目热赤痛，口疮。久服通神（《别录》）。热止消渴，杀蛀虫（藏器）。男子阴痿，及敷茎上疮，治下血如鸡鸭肝片，治骨蒸，洗肝明目，多泪，口干心热，杀疳虫，治蛔心痛，鼻衄，肠风下血，后分急热肿痛（大明）。泻膀胱相火，补肾水不足，坚肾壮骨髓，疗下焦虚，诸痿瘫痪，利下窍，除热（元素）。泻伏火，救肾水，治冲脉气逆，不渴而小便不通，诸疮痛不可忍（李杲）。
得苍术，除湿清热，为治痿要药。得细辛，泻膀胱火，治口舌生疮（震亨）。治小儿头疮（时珍）。
【发明】李杲说：黄柏的作用有六条：泻膀胱龙火，第一条；利小便结，第二条；除下焦湿肿，第三条；痢疾先见血，第四条；脐中痛，第五条；补肾不足，壮骨髓，第六条。凡是肾水膀胱不足，诸痿厥脚膝无力，在黄柏汤中加入使用，使两足膝中气力涌出，痿软即便去除，乃是瘫痪必用的药。蜜炒研末，治口疮如神。所以《雷公炮炙论》说：口疮舌坼，立愈黄酥。谓以酥炙根黄，含之。
及黄涩者。并用酒洗黄柏、知母为君，茯苓、泽泻为佐。凡小便不通而口渴者，邪热在气分，肺中伏热不能生水，是绝小便之源也。法当用气味俱薄、淡渗之药，猪苓、泽泻之类，泻肺火而清肺气，滋水之化源。若邪热在下焦血分，不渴而小便不通者，乃《素问》所谓无阴则阳无以生、无阳则阴无以化。膀胱者州都之官，津液藏焉，气化则能出矣。法当用气味俱浓、阴中之阳破出水，双睛凸出，饮食不下，痛苦不可名状。治满、利小便、渗泄之药服遍矣。予诊之曰：此乃奉养太过，膏粱积热，损伤肾水，致膀胱久而干涸，小便不化，火又逆上，而为呕哕。《难经》所谓关则不得小便，格则吐逆者。洁古老人言：热在下焦，但治下焦，其病必愈。遂处以北方寒水所化大苦寒之药，黄柏、知母各一两，酒洗焙碾，入桂一钱为引，熟水丸如芡子大。每服二百丸，沸汤下。少时如刀刺前阴火烧之状，溺如瀑泉涌出，床下成流，顾盼之间，肿胀消散。《内经》云：热者寒之。肾恶燥，急食辛以润之。以黄柏之苦寒泻热、补水润燥为君，有泻火补阴之功，非阴中之火，不可用也。火有二：君火者，人可以水灭，可以直折，黄连之属可以制之；相火者，天火也，龙雷之火也，阴火也，不可以水湿折之，当从其性而伏之，惟黄柏之属可以降之。有金水相生之义。黄柏无知母，犹水母之无虾，清肺金，滋肾水之化源。故洁古、东垣、丹溪皆以为滋阴降火要药，上古所未言也。盖气为阳，血为阴。邪火煎熬，则阴血渐涸，故阴虚火动之病须之。然必少壮气盛能食者，用之相宜。若中气不足而邪火炽甚者，久服则有寒中之变。近时虚损，及纵欲求嗣之人，用补阴药，往往以此二味为君，日日服饵。降令太过，脾胃受伤，真阳暗损，精气不暖，致生他病。盖不知此物苦寒而滑渗，且苦味久服，有反从火化之害。故叶氏《医学统旨》有“四物加知母、黄柏，久服伤胃，不能生阴”之戒。
【附方】旧十三，新三十。
阴火为病∶大补丸∶
用黄柏去皮，盐、酒炒褐为末，水丸梧子大。血虚，四物汤下；气虚，四君子汤下。（丹溪方）
等症。黄柏（去皮，切）二斤，熟糯米一升（童子小便浸之，九浸九晒，蒸过晒研）。为末，酒煮面糊丸梧桐子大。每服一百丸，温酒送下。
作四分，用醇酒、蜜汤、盐和丸梧桐子大。每服七十丸，白汤下。（《活人心统》）
毒痔漏，下血不止∶孙探
用酒、醋、童尿各浸七日，下五十丸，久服除根。杨诚《经验方》百补丸∶专治诸虚赤白浊。用川柏皮（刮净）一斤（分作四分，用酒、蜜、人乳、糯米泔各浸透）。炙干切研，廪米饭丸∶如上
皮丸∶黄柏一斤（分作四分，三分用醇酒、盐汤、童尿各浸二日焙研，一分用酥炙研末）。以猪脏一条去膜，入药在内扎，煮熟捣丸。如上法服之。
白涂炙）。为末，水丸绿豆大。每服七丸，温水下。名金虎丸。（《普济方》）
赤芍药四钱，为末，饭丸麻子大。每服一、二十丸，食前米饮下。（阎孝忠《
下痢白色，昼夜三、五十行∶根黄浓者，蜜炒令焦为末，大蒜煨熟，去皮捣烂作膏和丸梧桐子大。每空心，米饮下三、五十丸，日三服。神妙不可述。（
削皮，焙为末，用米汤和，丸粟米大。每服一、二十丸，米汤下。（《十全博救方》）
淫及梦泄精滑∶真珠粉丸∶黄柏（炒）、真蛤粉各一斤，为末，滴水丸梧桐子大。每服一百丸，
空
等分为末，糊丸梧桐子大。每服八十丸，盐汤下。（《洁古家珍》）
中有热∶宜清心丸主之。黄柏末一两，片脑一钱。炼蜜丸梧桐子大。每服十五丸，麦门冬汤下。此大智禅师方也。（许学士《本事方》）
沸，渴即饮之，恣饮，数日即止。（韦宙《独行方》）
冬汤调服二钱，立瘥。（《经验方》）
每用一弹子大，纱帕包之，浸水一盏，饭上蒸熟，乘热熏洗，极效。此方有金木水火土，故名五行汤。一丸可用
品方》）
痹痛∶黄柏片含之。又以一斤，酒一斗，煮二沸，恣饮便愈。（《肘后方》）
不通∶苦酒和黄柏末敷之，冷即易。（《肘后方》）
方》）
治心脾有热，舌颊生疮。蜜炙黄柏、青黛各一分，为末，入生
用黄柏、细辛等分为末，掺。或用黄柏、干姜等分，亦良。
铜绿二钱，为末。掺之，漱去涎。（《三因方》）
服。（《圣惠方》）
以蔷薇根汁调涂，立效。（《圣济录》）
香二钱半，为末，槐花煎水调作饼，贴于疮口。（《普济方》）
末，水调，贴足心。（《普济方》）
（《肘后方》）
柏皮（炒）、川乌头（炮）等分，为末。唾调涂之，留头，频以米泔水润湿。（《集简方》）小儿
脐疮不合者∶黄柏末涂之。（《子母秘录》）
掺之即愈。（杨起《简便方》）
疮用黄柏、黄芩等分煎汤，洗之。仍以黄柏、黄连作末，敷之。又法∶黄柏煎汤洗之，涂以白蜜。（《肘
一味。
一妇病此，人无识者，用此而愈。（张杲《医说》）
门事亲》）
柏末，面糊调涂，效。（《宣明方》）
[Collected Explanations] He stated: According to the "Nei Zhuan" (Inner Biography): In the Juxu Continent of the Western Sea, there is a tree called Fanhun (Resurrecting Soul). It resembles the maple and cypress trees. Its flowers and leaves emit an fragrance that can be smelled for a hundred li. The roots are boiled in water in a cauldron to extract the juice, which is then refined until it resembles lacquer, forming the incense. It has six names: Fanhun (Resurrecting Soul), Jingjing (Startling Essence), Huisheng (Returning Life), Zhenling (Vibrating Spirit), Majing (Horse Spirit), and Quesi (Repelling Death). For those who have died from epidemics, burning a bean-sized amount to fumigate them can bring them back to life; hence the name Fanhun. Li Shizhen said: Zhang Hua's "Bowuzhi" (Records of Things) states: During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, the Yuezhi Kingdom in the Western Regions crossed the Ruoshui River to tribute three pieces of this incense. They were as large as swallow eggs and black like mulberry fruits. At that time, a great plague broke out in Chang'an. The Western envoy requested to burn one piece to ward off the evil. Those suffering from illness in the palace rose upon smelling it. The fragrance spread for a hundred li and lasted for several days without ceasing. Those who had died from the epidemic for less than three days were revived by fumigation. Thus, it is a divine medicine for returning life. Although this account involves strange and miraculous events, rare occurrences in the world may indeed exist, so it cannot be immediately dismissed as absurd.
[Appendix] Doumuciang (Doumu Incense) Cangqi said: The "Hanwu Gushi" (Stories of Emperor Wu of Han) records: When the Queen Mother of the West descended, she burned the powder of Doumu incense. This was presented by the Douqu Kingdom and was as large as a soybean. Applied to palace gates, its fragrance spread for a hundred li. A great plague occurred in the Guanzhong region, with corpses piled up. Upon smelling this incense, the epidemic stopped, and the dead revived. This is a spiritual incense, not an ordinary substance.
(Trees Class V, Fifty-Two Species)
(Shangpin / Superior Grade of "Benjing")
[Names] Huangbo (from "Bielu"), the root is named Tanhuan.
Li Shizhen said: The etymology of the name Bo wood is unknown. "Benjing" mentions Bo wood and its root but does not mention Bo bark. Did wood and bark share the same term in ancient times? The common name Huangbai (Yellow Bark) is a result of abbreviated writing errors.
[Collected Explanations] "Bielu" states: Cypress wood grows in the valleys of Hanzhong and Yongchang.
Tao Hongjing said: The variety produced in Shaoling is superior due to its light weight and deep color. The variety from Dongshan is dense and pale in color. Its root is classified as Mu Zhi (Wood Mushroom) in Daoist texts, but people today do not know to harvest and consume it. There is also a small tree resembling a pomegranate, with yellow and bitter bark, commonly called Zi Bai (Seed Cypress), which also treats mouth ulcers. Another small tree is thorny with yellow bark, also treating mouth ulcers. [Text corrupted/missing context regarding location]. It is present in certain regions. The claim that the bark is yellow is erroneous. According to current practice, Zi Bai refers to thorny small trees known as Ci Bai (Thorny Cypress), not Xiao Bai (Small Cypress).
"Shuben Tu Jing" states: Huangbo trees are several zhang high. The leaves resemble Evodia rutaecarpa (Wu Zhu Yu) or purple Toona sinensis (Zi Chun), remaining evergreen through winter. The bark is tight, two to three fen thick, with fresh yellow being the highest grade. Harvest the bark in February and May, and dry in the sun.
Used for medicinal purposes. Each suits its appropriate application.
[Processing] He stated: When using Baipi (Cypress Bark), remove the rough outer bark. Soak in raw honey water for half a day, drain, and dry. Coat with honey and roast over mild to moderate heat until the honey is fully absorbed. For every five liang of bark, use three liang of honey. Li Gao said: Dual processing treats the Upper Jiao; single processing treats the Middle Jiao; unprocessed treats the Lower Jiao. Li Shizhen said: Huangbo is cold and heavy in nature. Raw usage clears excess fire; processed usage does not damage the stomach; wine-processed treats the upper body; salt-processed treats the lower body; honey-roasted nourishes yin and descends fire.
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Pungent, yang within yin. Enters the Foot Shaoyin Meridian. It serves as a guiding herb for the Foot Taiyang Meridian.
Enters the Kidney. Dampness-drying actions follow their respective categories. Thus, "Huoren Shu" states: It is incompatible with Dry Lacquer (Gan Qi) and subdues Realgar (Liu Huang).
[Indications] Accumulated heat in the five zang organs and intestines/stomach, jaundice, intestinal hemorrhoids, stopping diarrhea and dysentery, leukorrhea (red and white discharge) in women, erosive sores on the genitals, treating fright qi trapped between the skin, hot/red raised skin, hot/red painful eyes, mouth ulcers. Long-term use connects the spirit (from "Bielu"). Clears heat, stops thirst, kills parasites (Cangqi). Male impotence, sores on the penis, bleeding resembling chicken or duck liver slices, bone-steaming fever, washing the liver to brighten the eyes, excessive tearing, dry mouth, heart heat, killing malnutrition parasites, treating roundworm heart pain, epistaxis, wind-intestinal bleeding, acute heat and swelling/pain in the posterior orifice (Da Ming). Drains Bladder Ministerial Fire, tonifies insufficient Kidney Water, strengthens kidneys and marrow, treats Lower Jiao deficiency, various atrophies and paralysis, promotes urination, removes heat (Yuan Su). Drains hidden fire, saves Kidney Water, treats rebellious Qi of the Chong Mai, urinary retention without thirst, unbearable pain from various sores (Li Gao).
Combined with Cang Zhu, it removes dampness and clears heat, serving as a key herb for treating atrophy syndromes. Combined with Xixin, it drains Bladder fire and treats mouth/tongue ulcers (Zhen Heng). Treats infantile head sores (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Gao said: Huangbo has six uses: draining Dragon Fire of the Bladder (1); relieving urinary obstruction (2); removing dampness and swelling in the Lower Jiao (3); bloody dysentery appearing first (4); umbilical pain (5); tonifying insufficiency, strengthening marrow (6). For any insufficiency of Kidney Water and Bladder, leading to atrophy, cold limbs, and weakness in the feet and knees, adding it to Huangbo Tang causes energy to surge in the knees, instantly removing atrophy. It is a mandatory herb for paralysis. Honey-roasted and powdered, it miraculously treats mouth ulcers. Thus, "Leigong Paozhi Lun" states: For mouth ulcers and cracked tongue, Huangsu brings immediate cure. This refers to roasting the root bark with butter and holding it in the mouth.
[Text fragment/corrupted section regarding yellow/astringent properties]. Using wine-washed Huangbo and Zhimu as the sovereign herbs, combined with Fuling and Zexie as assistant herbs. For urinary retention with thirst, pathogenic heat is in the Qi level. Hidden heat in the Lung fails to generate water, cutting off the source of urine. The method requires thin-flavored, diuretic herbs like Zhu Ling and Zexie to drain Lung fire, clear Lung Qi, and nourish the source of water generation. If pathogenic heat is in the Blood level of the Lower Jiao, with urinary retention but no thirst, this corresponds to the "Suwen" saying: Without Yin, Yang cannot be born; without Yang, Yin cannot transform. The Bladder is the official of the reservoir, storing fluids; only through Qi transformation can they be excreted. The method requires thick-flavored, yin-nourishing... [Text cuts off/corrupted: breaking water flow, protruding eyes, inability to eat, indescribable pain. Having tried all fullness-relieving, diuretic, and渗泄 (seeping/drainage) medicines]. I diagnosed it thus: This results from excessive indulgence, accumulation of heat from rich foods, damaging Kidney Water, causing the Bladder to become dry over time, failing to transform urine, with fire rebelling upward, causing vomiting and hiccups. As stated in "Nanjing": Guan (blocking) leads to inability to urinate; Ge (regurgitating) leads to vomiting. Elder Jiegu said: Heat in the Lower Jiao should be treated solely in the Lower Jiao, and the disease will surely heal. Therefore, I prescribed major bitter-cold herbs transformed by Northern Cold Water: Huangbo and Zhimu, each one liang, washed in wine, roasted, ground, with one qian of Gui (Cinnamon Twig) as a guide. Formed into pills the size of Euryale seeds (Qianzi) with cooked water. Take two hundred pills at a time, downed with boiling water. Soon, a sensation like knife-stabbing and burning in the anterior yin occurs, and urine gushes out like a waterfall, flowing under the bed. In the blink of an eye, swelling dissipates. "Neijing" states: Heat is treated with cold. The Kidney dislikes dryness; urgently eat pungent substances to moisten it. Using the bitter-cold Huangbo to drain heat and nourish water/moisten dryness as the sovereign herb, it has the function of draining fire and tonifying yin. It cannot be used unless it is fire within yin. There are two types of fire: Monarch Fire can be extinguished by water and directly suppressed; herbs like Huanglian can control it. Ministerial Fire is Heavenly Fire, Dragon-Leopard Fire, Yin Fire. It cannot be suppressed by wetness/water; one must follow its nature to subdue it. Only herbs like Huangbo can descend it. It embodies the meaning of Metal and Water generating each other. Huangbo without Zhimu is like a jellyfish without a shrimp, clearing Lung Metal and nourishing the source of Kidney Water generation. Thus, Jiegu, Dongyuan, and Danxi all consider it a key herb for nourishing yin and descending fire, a concept not mentioned in antiquity. Qi is Yang, Blood is Yin. Pathogenic fire simmering gradually dries Yin Blood, so diseases of Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity require it. However, it is suitable only for young, strong individuals with robust Qi and appetite. If Spleen/Stomach Qi is insufficient while pathogenic fire is intense, long-term use will cause cold injury to the middle. Recently, those with deficiency consumptions or those indulging in desire seeking offspring often use these two herbs as sovereign ingredients in yin-tonifying medicines, taking them daily. Over-suppressing leads to Spleen/Stomach damage, hidden loss of True Yang, lack of warmth in essence/qi, causing other diseases. They fail to realize that this substance is bitter, cold, slippery, and draining. Moreover, long-term consumption of bitter flavors can transform into fire. Thus, Ye Shi's "Yixue Tongzhi" warns: "Si Wu Tang plus Zhimu and Huangbo, if taken long-term, damages the Stomach and fails to generate Yin."
[Prescriptions] Thirteen old, thirty new.
Diseases of Yin Fire: Da Bu Wan (Great Tonification Pill):
Remove peel of Huangbo, stir-fry with salt and wine until brown, grind to powder. Make pills the size of wutong seeds with water. For Blood Deficiency, take with Si Wu Tang; for Qi Deficiency, take with Si Jun Zi Tang. (Danxi Formula)
[Text fragment/corrupted section regarding symptoms]. Huangbo (peeled, sliced) two jin, ripe glutinous rice one sheng (soaked in child's urine, soaked nine times and dried nine times, steamed, dried, and ground). Make powder, boil in wine, make pills with flour paste the size of wutong seeds. Take one hundred pills at a time, send down with warm wine.
Divide into four parts, mix with pure wine, honey water, salt water, and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take seventy pills at a time, send down with plain water. ("Huoren Xin Tong")
Poisonous hemorrhoids and fistulas, continuous bleeding: Sun Tan...
Soak in wine, vinegar, and child's urine for seven days each... Take fifty pills, long-term use removes the root. Yang Cheng's "Experience Formula" Bai Bu Wan (Hundred Tonification Pill): Specifically treats various deficiencies, red and white turbidity. Use Chuan Baipi (scraped clean) one jin (divided into four parts, soaked separately in wine, honey, human milk, and glutinous rice wash until saturated). Roast dry, slice, grind. Make pills with store-bought rice flour: As above.
Bark pill: Huangbo one jin (divided into four parts, three parts soaked in pure wine, salt water, child's urine for two days, roasted and ground; one part roasted with butter and ground). Put one pig intestine, remove membrane, insert medicine inside, tie, boil until cooked, pound into pills. Take as above.
White-coated roasted). Grind to powder, make pills the size of mung beans with water. Take seven pills at a time, send down with warm water. Named Jin Hu Wan (Golden Tiger Pill). ("Pujifang")
Chishao (Red Peony Root) four qian, grind to powder, make pills the size of hemp seeds with rice. Take ten to twenty pills before meals with rice drink. (Yan Xiaozhong...)
White dysentery, thirty to fifty movements day and night: Thick yellow roots, stir-fry with honey until charred, grind to powder. Roast garlic until soft, peel, pound into paste, mix with pills the size of wutong seeds. Take thirty to fifty pills on an empty stomach with rice drink, three times a day. Miraculous and indescribable. (...)
Peel, roast, grind to powder, mix with rice water, make pills the size of millet grains. Take ten to twenty pills at a time with rice water. ("Shiquan Bojiufang")
Excessive lust and nocturnal emission/slippery essence: Zhenzhu Fen Wan (Pearl Powder Pill): Huangbo (roasted), true clam powder each one jin, grind to powder, make pills with drops of water the size of wutong seeds. Take one hundred pills at a time...
Empty...
Equal parts, grind to powder, make pills with paste the size of wutong seeds. Take eighty pills at a time with salt water. ("Jiegu Jiazhen")
Heat in... : Yi Qingxin Wan (Suitable Clear Heart Pill) governs it. Huangbo powder one liang, Pian Nao (Borneol) one qian. Refine honey, make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take fifteen pills at a time with Ophiopogon Decoction. This is the formula of Chanzi Dazhi. (Xu Xueshi "Benshi Fang")
Boil, drink when thirsty, drink freely, stops in a few days. (Wei Zhou "Duxing Fang")
Winter Decoction, take two qian, immediate recovery. ("Experience Formula")
Use one bullet-sized amount, wrap in gauze, soak in one cup of water, steam over rice until cooked. While hot, fumigate and wash. Extremely effective. This formula contains Metal, Wood, Water, Fire, Earth, hence named Wuxing Tang (Five Elements Decoction). One pill can be used...
Pin Fang])
Bi Pain: Contain Huangbo slices. Also, one jin boiled in one dou of wine until two boils occur, drink freely to recover. ("Zhouhou Fang")
Obstruction: Apply Ku Jiu (Vinegar) mixed with Huangbo powder. Change when cool. ("Zhouhou Fang")
Fang])
Treats heat in Heart and Spleen, sores on tongue and cheeks. Honey-roasted Huangbo, Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) each one fen, grind to powder, add raw...
Use equal parts Huangbo and Xixin, grind to powder, sprinkle. Or equal parts Huangbo and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), also good.
Tonglv (Verdigris) two qian, grind to powder. Sprinkle, rinse away saliva. ("Sanyin Fang")
Take. ("Shenghui Fang")
Mix with Rose Root juice and apply, immediate effect. ("Shengji Lu")
Xiang (Incense) two and a half qian, grind to powder, boil Sophora flower water, mix into cakes, apply to sore. ("Pujifang")
Powder, mix with water, apply to sole of foot. ("Pujifang")
("Zhouhou Fang")
Baipi (Roasted), Chuan Wutou (Processed) equal parts, grind to powder. Mix with saliva and apply, leave the head exposed, frequently moisten with rice wash. ("Jijian Fang") Infant...
Umbilical sores not healing: Apply Huangbo powder. ("Zimu Milu")
Sprinkle, heals immediately. (Yang Qi "Jianbian Fang")
Sore: Boil equal parts Huangbo and Huangqin (Scutellaria) in water, wash. Still, make powder of Huangbo and Huanglian (Coptis), apply. Another method: Wash with Huangbo decoction, apply white honey. ("Zhou...
One ingredient.
A woman suffered from this, no one recognized it, cured by using this. (Zhang Gao "Yishuo")
Men Shiqin"])
Bai powder, mix with flour paste and apply, effective. ("Xuanming Fang")