春食则香，夏食则臭，多食则昏神。子，止精滑甚良。未出粪土为韭黄，最不益人，食
之即滞气。盖含噎郁未之气，故如是。孔子曰∶“不时不食”，正为此辈。花，食之动风。
八九月间淹贮之，以备冬月作蔬果。治疗只用生者。
此紫苏也。背面皆紫者佳。其味微辛甘，能散，其气香。今人朝暮汤其汁饮，为无益。
医家以谓芳草致豪贵之疾者，此有一焉。脾胃寒人，饮之多泄滑，往往不觉。子，治肺气喘
急。
气味与紫苏不同，辛而不和，然一如苏，但面不紫，及周遭槎牙如雁齿，香少。
荆芥也，只用穗。治产后血晕，及中风目带上、四肢强直。为末，二三钱，童子小便
一小盏，调，下咽，良久即活，甚有验。又治头目风，荆芥穗、细辛、川芎等为末，饭后汤
点二钱。风搔遍身，浓煎汤淋渫，或坐汤中。
生山野，荆、湖南北、二川皆有。两京作圃种，暑月亦作菜蔬，治霍乱不可阙也，用
之无不效。叶如茵陈，花茸紫，在一边成穗，凡四五十房为一穗。如荆芥穗，别是一种香。
余如经。
世谓之南薄荷，为有一种龙脑薄荷，故言南以别之。小儿惊风、壮热，须此引药。猫
食之即醉，物相感尔。治骨蒸热劳，用其汁与众药熬为膏。
鸡肠草，一物也。今虽分之为二，其鸡肠草条中独不言性味，故知一物也。鸡肠草，
春开小花如绿豆大，茎叶如园荽，初生则直，长大即覆地。小户收之为斋，食之乌髭发。
春季食用的韭菜气味芳香，夏季食用的韭菜气味腥臭，多吃会使人神志昏沉。韭菜子对于治疗遗精滑泄症状效果极佳。尚未出土、在土中生长而成的韭黄，最不利于人体健康，食用后会阻滞气机运行。这是因为韭黄含有噎郁未散之气，所以会有这样的影响。孔子说：“不合时令的食物不吃”，正是针对这类食物而言。韭菜花食用后会引动内风。
八九月间将韭菜腌制储存起来，以备冬季作为蔬果食用。在治疗用途上，只使用新鲜的韭菜。
这是紫苏。叶片正反两面都呈紫色的品质最佳。它的味道微辛甘，具有发散作用，气味芳香。现在的人早晚煮取紫苏汁饮用，这并无益处。医家认为芳草类药材会导致豪贵之人患病，这里就有一个例子。脾胃虚寒的人，饮用紫苏汁后容易导致大便溏泄滑利，往往自己并未察觉。紫苏子可以治疗肺气喘急。
（另一种草药）的气味与紫苏不同，味辛但不调和，然而性质一如紫苏，只是叶面不呈紫色，且边缘锯齿状如雁齿排列，香气较少。
这是荆芥，只使用其穗部。用于治疗产后血晕，以及中风引起的眼睑上翻、四肢强直。将其研成粉末，每次二三钱，用童子小便一小盏调服，咽下后不久即可苏醒，疗效显著。又用于治疗头目风邪，将荆芥穗、细辛、川芎等研成粉末，饭后用汤药冲服二钱。若全身瘙痒如风疹，可用浓煎的荆芥汤淋洗患处，或坐于药汤中浸泡。
生长在山野之中，荆湖南北地区及四川各地都有分布。两京地区有人种植在园圃中，暑热月份也可作为蔬菜食用，治疗霍乱时不可缺少它，使用它没有不有效的。叶子像茵陈，花序呈紫色，在一侧形成穗状，通常由四五十个小房组成一个穗。气味如同荆芥穗，是另一种香气。其余部分如经典记载所述。
世人称之为南薄荷，因为有一种龙脑薄荷，所以加上“南”字以作区别。小儿惊风、高热壮热时，需要用它来引导药力。猫吃了它会醉倒，这是物性相互感应的结果。治疗骨蒸潮热劳损，取其汁液与其他药物熬制成膏剂。
鸡肠草，其实是一种植物。如今虽然将其分为两种，但在关于鸡肠草的描述中唯独没有提及性味，因此知道它们其实是同一种东西。鸡肠草在春季开出小花，大小如绿豆，茎叶像香菜，初生时直立，长大后便覆盖地面。普通百姓采集它作为斋菜食用，吃了能使胡须头发变黑。
Eating leeks in spring yields a fragrant flavor, while eating them in summer results in an offensive odor; excessive consumption causes mental confusion. The seeds are highly effective for treating seminal emission and spermatorrhea (精滑). Leeks grown underground without emerging from the soil, known as yellow leeks (韭黄), are most detrimental to human health, as consuming them leads to Qi stagnation (滞气). This is because they contain trapped, stagnant Qi (噎郁未之气), hence such effects. Confucius said, "Do not eat food that is out of season," which precisely applies to these items. Flowering leeks can stir up internal wind (动风) when consumed.
Leeks preserved by pickling between the eighth and ninth lunar months serve as a reserve for winter vegetables. For therapeutic purposes, only fresh leeks are used.
This is Perilla (紫苏). Those with purple coloration on both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves are superior. Its taste is slightly pungent and sweet, possessing dispersing properties, and its aroma is fragrant. Currently, people boil Perilla juice to drink morning and evening, which is of no benefit. Physicians state that aromatic herbs can cause diseases among the wealthy and noble; this is one such instance. Individuals with cold Spleen and Stomach (脾胃寒人) who consume it often experience loose stools or diarrhea (泄滑), frequently without realizing it. The seeds treat pulmonary asthma and rapid breathing (肺气喘急).
The flavor and aroma differ from Perilla; it is pungent but not harmonious, yet similar in nature to Perilla, except the leaf surface is not purple, and the margins are serrated like goose teeth, with less fragrance.
This is Schizonepeta (荆芥); only the flower spikes are used. It treats postpartum blood syncope (产后血晕) and stroke-induced eyelid retraction (中风目带上) and rigidity of the four limbs. Ground into powder, two to three qian mixed with a small cup of urine from an uncircumcised boy (童子小便) is taken orally; consciousness returns after a while, showing significant efficacy. It also treats wind affecting the head and eyes. Powdered Schizonepeta spike, Asarum (细辛), and Ligusticum chuanxiong (川芎) are mixed, and two qian are taken with warm water after meals. For generalized pruritus resembling wind rash, a strong decoction is used for washing or sitz baths.
It grows in wild mountains and hills and is found in the regions north and south of Jinghu and in Sichuan. In the two capitals, it is cultivated in gardens and served as a vegetable during hot months; it is indispensable for treating cholera-like disorders (霍乱), and its use is invariably effective. The leaves resemble Artemisia capillaris (茵陈), the flowers form purple spikes on one side, with each spike comprising forty to fifty locules. It has a distinct fragrance similar to Schizonepeta spikes. The rest conforms to classical descriptions.
Known in the world as Southern Mint (南薄荷), distinguished by adding "Southern" to differentiate it from Brain Mint (龙脑薄荷). It is required to guide medicinal actions in cases of pediatric convulsions (小儿惊风) and high fever (壮热). Cats become intoxicated upon consuming it due to mutual affinity between substances. To treat bone-steaming heat and consumptive disease (骨蒸热劳), its juice is boiled down with other herbs into a paste.
Pilea nummulariifolia (鸡肠草) refers to a single entity. Although currently divided into two types, the description for Pilea nummulariifolia lacks mention of its nature and flavor, indicating they are the same plant. Pilea nummulariifolia blooms with small flowers in spring, sized like mung beans; stems and leaves resemble Coriandrum sativum (园荽/Coriander); initially upright, they spread over the ground as they grow. Common households harvest it as vegetarian fare; consuming it darkens hair and beard.