苗名蜀漆。功用相同。
气味苦辛寒。有毒。 主治伤寒寒热。热发温疟。劫痰截疟。逐老痰积饮。散山岚瘴气。
蜀漆
气味辛苦。纯阳有毒。 生用则上行。必吐。酒蒸炒熟则气少缓。少用亦不致吐。
治疟及咳逆寒热。腹中坚痞。瘕聚邪气。破血。洗去腥。与苦酸同用。导胆邪。（洁古） 岭
南瘴气。寒热所感。多在营卫皮肉之间。欲去皮肤毛孔中瘴气根本。非常山不可。但性吐人
。惟以七宝散冷服之。即不吐。且验也。（李斋）疟家痰涎黄水。或停潴心下。或结 胁间
。乃生寒热。法当用常山吐逐。水在上焦。常山能吐之。水在胁下。常山能破其 而下其水
。但须行血药品佐助之。乃收十全之功。其有纯热发疟。或蕴热内实之证。投以常山。大便
点
火与
盖无
客于
助。
秘方。用
清和丸如
〔论〕 经曰。夏伤于暑。秋为 。疟。盖谓暑热郁于经络之内。入秋而束以风寒。阴
阳相
尤多。
为虚为
治暑疟
损庵治
于阳而热已。是大法之不可易者也
络之内。故不能即已。惟开其郁而
行而经络乃大畅也。至于病在阴分
然后作表汗而解。然则以苦甘寒
升发。必其前未用。或更伤其胃气
阴得阳之升而出尔。若未至于下陷
色。知为暑伤血分。用四物加苦辛寒药。二日发唇疮而愈。是
后耳。即补胃之剂。又岂得漫投于留邪未动之会乎。 缪氏言
确论也。丹溪又曰。若取汗而不得汗。理血而汗不足。必更求切
使之离于阴阳而霍然以去。盖论药至恰中病情之处。即补益亦
常山劫剂。而倚为无上妙品乎。其亦不学之甚矣。或曰。无痰
治痰之药。自有应节而投。如缪氏法治之累效者。又何须是物
积饮。形气充实之病为得耳。
缪氏。入口即吐。其性暴悍可知。最损真气。故疟非由于瘴气。及老痰积饮所致者。弗
用
〔辨治〕 须细实色黄。形如鸡骨者佳。生用令人大吐。酒浸一日。蒸熟。或炒。或醋
浸煮
（常山）气味苦、辛，性寒，有毒。主治伤寒引起的寒热往来，以及热发型的温疟。具有劫痰截疟、驱逐陈旧痰饮积聚、消散山岚瘴气的作用。
蜀漆
气味辛苦，属纯阳之品且有毒。生用则药力上行，必然引起呕吐；若经酒蒸或炒熟，则药性稍缓，少量使用也不会导致呕吐。
治疗疟疾及咳嗽气逆、寒热往来，腹中坚硬的痞块，瘕聚等邪气积聚，能破血。使用时需洗去腥味，可与苦味、酸味药物同用，以引导胆经邪气外出。（引自张洁古）岭南地区的瘴气，由寒热感受所致，多停留在营卫、皮肉之间。想要去除皮肤毛孔中瘴气的根本原因，非用常山不可。但常山性质会导致人呕吐，只有配合七宝散冷服，就不会呕吐，而且疗效显著。（引自李斋）疟疾病人的痰涎黄水，或者停滞在心下，或者结聚在胁间，从而产生寒热。治法应当用常山通过催吐来驱逐。水饮在上焦，常山能使其吐出；水饮在胁下，常山能破除并下行排出水饮。但必须辅以行血的药物协助，才能收到十全的效果。那些纯热发作的疟疾，或者体内蕴热实证的病症，投用常山……（原文此处有缺漏/错简，难以通顺翻译，大致意为：若无痰积支持，则不宜使用）。
〔论〕《内经》说：“夏伤于暑，秋为痎疟。”大概是指暑热郁结在经络之内，入秋后被风寒束缚，阴阳相互搏结……（原文此处有缺漏/错简）。如果是虚证……治暑疟……损庵治疗……在于阳气而热已退，这是大法不可改变的原则。经络之内，所以不能立即痊愈。只有开通郁结，使气机升发，经络才能大畅。至于病在阴分，然后发汗解表。然而，如果用苦甘寒的药物升发，必须之前未用过，或者没有更伤胃气，阴气得到阳气的升发而出。如果尚未达到下陷的程度……看面色，知道是暑邪损伤血分，用四物汤加苦辛寒药物，两天后嘴唇长疮而愈。这是……之后罢了。即使是补胃的药剂，又岂能在留邪未动的时候随意投用呢？缪氏的说法……确切的论述。丹溪又说：如果取汗却不得汗，理血却汗源不足，必须进一步寻求……使之脱离阴阳纠缠而霍然痊愈。这大概是论述药物恰好击中病情关键之处，即使是补益药也……常山是劫夺之剂，难道可以倚仗它为无上妙品吗？这也太不学习了。有人说：无痰……治痰的药物，自有按时节投用的方法，像缪氏法治那样屡获效验的，又何须用常山这种……积饮，形气充实的病才适合。
缪氏认为常山入口即吐，其性质暴悍可知，最损伤真气。所以疟疾如果不是由于瘴气，以及老痰积饮所致的，不要用。
〔辨治〕必须仔细辨别，颜色黄、形状像鸡骨者为佳。生用会让人剧烈呕吐。用酒浸泡一天，蒸熟，或者炒制，或者醋浸煮。
The young shoots of *Dichroa febrifuga* are named Shuqi (蜀漆, *Dichroae Radix*). Their therapeutic functions are identical.
(Dichroa) has a bitter and acrid taste, is cold in nature, and is toxic. It treats chills and fever caused by Cold Damage (Shanghan), as well as warm malaria with heat onset. It acts to forcibly expel phlegm and arrest malaria, drive out old phlegm and accumulated fluid retention, and dissipate mountainous miasma (shān lán zhàng qì).
Shuqi (蜀漆, *Dichroae Radix*)
Has an acrid and bitter taste, belongs to pure Yang, and is toxic. When used raw, its action moves upward and inevitably induces vomiting. If steamed or stir-fried with wine, its action becomes milder, and small doses will not cause vomiting.
It treats malaria, cough with rebellious Qi, chills and fever, hard masses in the abdomen, accumulations of pathogenic factors such as Jia (瘕聚, abdominal masses), and breaks blood stasis. Before use, the fishy smell must be washed away. It can be used together with bitter and sour herbs to guide Gallbladder pathogenic factors outward. (Cited from Zhang Jiegu) Miasma in Lingnan, contracted through chills and heat, mostly resides between Ying and Wei, skin, and flesh. To eliminate the root of miasma in the skin pores, nothing works better than Dichroa. However, since its nature induces vomiting, it should only be taken cold combined with Qibao San (Seven Treasures Powder); then vomiting will not occur, and efficacy is verified. (Cited from Li Zhai) In patients with malaria, phlegm-saliva and yellow fluids may stagnate under the heart or knot in the hypochondrium, generating chills and fever. The method requires using Dichroa to induce vomiting and expel them. Fluids in the Upper Jiao can be vomited out by Dichroa; fluids in the hypochondrium can be broken down and drained downward by Dichroa. However, blood-invigorating herbs are necessary as assistants to achieve perfect results. For cases of pure heat malaria or internal heat excess syndromes, administering Dichroa... [Text fragment missing/unintelligible].
[Discussion] The Classic states: "Summer injury by heat leads to intermittent fever in autumn." This implies that summer-heat is depressed within the meridians, and upon entering autumn, is constrained by wind-cold, causing Yin and Yang to contend... [Text fragment missing/unintelligible]. Regarding deficiency syndromes... treating summer-heat malaria... Sun An treated... when Yang Qi rises and heat subsides, this is an unchangeable principle. Within the meridians, thus it cannot resolve immediately. Only by opening depression and promoting ascending and dispersing actions can the meridians become smooth. As for diseases in the Yin division, then release via sweating. However, if using bitter, sweet, and cold herbs to promote ascending, one must ensure they were not previously used, or that Stomach Qi was not further damaged, so that Yin emerges with the assistance of Yang's ascending power. If it has not sunk to the point of... observing the complexion indicates summer-heat injuring the Blood division; using Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with bitter, acrid, and cold herbs resulted in healing after two days with lip sores appearing. This occurred... afterwards. Even tonifying Stomach agents, how could they be casually administered when pathogens remain stagnant? Mr. Miu's statement... is a definitive discussion. Danxi also said: If seeking sweat yields no sweat, and regulating blood yields insufficient sweat, one must seek further... to separate it from Yin-Yang entanglement and recover abruptly. This likely refers to the precise matching of medicine to pathology; even tonics... Dichroa is a coercive agent (Jie Ji), yet relying on it as the supreme wonder drug... shows profound ignorance. Some say: Without phlegm... phlegm-resolving herbs have their own seasonal administration methods, which yield cumulative effects like Mr. Miu's methods; why is this herb needed? ...accumulated fluids suit only those with robust form and Qi.
Mr. Miu believes that because Dichroa induces immediate vomiting, its nature is violent and fierce, most damaging to True Qi. Therefore, if malaria is not caused by miasma or old phlegm and accumulated fluids, do not use it.
[Differentiation and Treatment] Select specimens that are yellow in color and shaped like chicken bones for best quality. Raw use causes severe vomiting. Soak in wine for one day, then steam, stir-fry, or boil with vinegar.