即蒲柳。 叶圆阔而尖。枝条短硬。与柳全别。（柳叶狭长。枝条长软。）
枝叶
气味苦平。 治痈肿。发痘毒。 水杨根治痈肿。故近人用枝叶治痘疮。 痘疮数日。
陷顶。浆滞不行。乃气涩血滞。腠理固密。或风寒外阻而然。用水杨枝叶（无叶用枝）五斤。
流水一大釜。煎汤温浴之。令暖气透达。和畅郁蒸。气血通彻。良久照见累起有晕丝者。浆
行也。若内服。助气血药。借此升之。其效更速。风寒亦不得而阻之矣。如不满。再浴之。
力弱者。只洗头面手足。如屡浴不起者。气血败矣。不可再浴。始出及痒塌者。皆不可浴。
苏方国产此木。今人省呼为苏木。
味甘咸微辛。性平。降多于升。阳中阴也。入足厥阴。兼入手少阴足阳明经。 主治产
后败血胀闷。或血晕口噤。由于恶露不下。（如由去血多而虚者仍忌）及血气心腹搅痛。月
候不调。疗虚劳血癖。气壅滞。并男女中风口噤不语。治人常常呕吐者。（恐胃有瘀血也） 破
疮疡
散表里风气。（宜与防风同用） 又能破死血。产后血肿胀满欲死者宜之。（洁古） 禀水土
之气以生。其主治悉由入血行血。辛咸消散。兼有软坚润下之功。（仲淳） 同泽兰川芎麦
冬生地蒲黄人麦童便益母草牛膝黑豆荆芥穗。治产后血晕有效。 同山楂延胡丹皮泽兰当归
五灵脂赤芍红花。治产后儿枕作痛。加乳香没药。治产后血癖不消。因寒而得者。加炒黑干
姜桂各少许。 同延胡丹皮当归牛膝地黄芍药续断。治妇人月后不调。煎浓汁。加入乳香没
药血竭自然铜 虫麻布灰黄荆子等末。量病轻重。调服四五钱。治跌扑损伤如神。 产后气
喘。面黑欲死。乃血入肺也。用苏木二两。水二碗。煮一碗。入人参末五钱。随时加减。名
参苏饮。神效。
〔论〕 苏木之味。甘多而兼咸。又有微辛。夫咸走血。甘入脾。然其质木也。其色赤
也。是心之生血。肝之藏血。脾之统血者。莫不具矣。又辛味藉肺金之气以达血之行。故于
血分之用最专。大约欲和血。则少用。欲破血。则多用可也。至谓其散风。乃属血中之风。
如血晕口噤证。观于表里二字。义固可思。
产后恶露已尽。由血虚腹痛者。不宜用。（仲淳）
〔修事〕 去皮节。细锉。和梅枝蒸半日。阴干用。
水杨，就是蒲柳。叶子圆而宽且尖端尖锐。枝条短而坚硬。与柳树完全不同。（柳树的叶子狭长，枝条细长柔软。）
枝叶
气味苦平。治疗痈肿。发散痘毒。用水杨根治疗痈肿，所以近代人用其枝叶治疗痘疮。痘疮出现几天后，如果痘顶凹陷，浆液停滞不行，这是气机涩滞、血行不畅，腠理固密，或者是由于风寒外邪阻滞所致。取用水杨枝叶（没有叶子就用枝条）五斤，一大釜流动的清水，煎煮成汤，用来温热洗浴。使暖气透达全身，调和畅达郁结蒸腾之气，气血通畅彻达。过一会儿照镜子看，如果看到痘粒隆起并带有晕丝，说明浆液已经运行。如果是内服，配合补益气血的药物，借助它来升提，效果更快，风寒也不能再阻滞了。如果症状未缓解，再次洗浴。体质虚弱的人，只洗头面手足。如果多次洗浴仍不起效，说明气血败坏，不可再洗浴。刚出痘及瘙痒塌陷的，都不可洗浴。
苏方木，国产这种树木，现在人简称为苏木。
味道甘咸微辛，性质平。降的作用多于升，属于阳中之阴。入足厥阴肝经，兼入手少阴心经和足阳明胃经。主治产后败血引起的胀闷，或者血晕口噤，这是由于恶露不下造成的。（如果是因失血过多导致虚证者，仍然忌用）以及血气在心腹部位搅动疼痛，月经不调，治疗虚劳血癖，气机壅滞，以及男女中风导致的口噤不语。治疗经常呕吐的人。（恐怕是胃中有瘀血）破除疮疡，散发表里风气。（宜与防风同用）又能破除死血，产后血肿胀满欲死者适宜使用。（洁古）禀受水土之气而生，它的主治作用全在于入血分、行血分，辛咸味能消散，兼有软坚润下的功效。（仲淳）同泽兰、川芎、麦冬、生地、蒲黄、人乳、童便、益母草、牛膝、黑豆、荆芥穗一起使用，治疗产后血晕有效。同山楂、延胡索、丹皮、泽兰、当归、五灵脂、赤芍、红花一起使用，治疗产后儿枕作痛；加入乳香、没药，治疗产后血癖不消；因寒邪所得者，加入炒黑干姜、桂枝少许。同延胡索、丹皮、当归、牛膝、地黄、芍药、续断一起使用，治疗妇人月经过后不调，煎煮浓汁，加入乳香、没药、血竭、自然铜、虫麻布灰、黄荆子等粉末，根据病情轻重，调服四五钱，治疗跌扑损伤如神。产后气喘，面色发黑欲死，这是血进入肺脏的表现。用苏木二两，水两碗，煮成一碗，加入人参末五钱，随时加减，名为参苏饮，效果神奇。
〔论〕 苏木的味道，甘味多而兼有咸味，又有微辛。咸味走血分，甘味入脾。然而它的质地是木，颜色是赤色，心主生血、肝主藏血、脾主统血的功能，无不具备。又因为辛味借助肺金之气以通达血行的运行，所以在血分方面的应用最为专一。大致想要和血，就少量使用；想要破血，就大量使用即可。至于说它能散风，那是指散血中之风，如血晕口噤证，观察“表里”二字，含义固然值得深思。
产后恶露已尽，由血虚引起腹痛者，不宜使用。（仲淳）
〔修事〕 去掉皮节，细锉碎，与梅枝一起蒸半天，阴干后使用。
Shuiyang (Poplar Willow), also known as Puliu. The leaves are round, broad, and pointed. The branches are short and hard. It is completely different from willow trees. (Willow leaves are narrow and long, and the branches are long and soft.)
Branches and Leaves
The flavor is bitter and neutral. It treats carbuncles and swellings. It expels poisons from smallpox. Using the roots of Shuiyang to treat carbuncles and swellings, hence modern practitioners use its branches and leaves to treat smallpox lesions. Several days after the appearance of smallpox lesions, if the tops of the pustules are depressed and the pus stagnates without flowing, this is due to qi stagnation and blood stasis, with tight interstices, or caused by external obstruction of wind-cold. Take five jin (approx. 2.5 kg) of Shuiyang branches and leaves (use branches if leaves are unavailable), and one large cauldron of running water. Decoct to make a soup for warm bathing. This allows the warm energy to penetrate thoroughly, harmonizing and unblocking the stagnant steaming qi, ensuring thorough circulation of qi and blood. After some time, upon looking in the mirror, if the pustules are seen to rise with surrounding halos, it indicates that the pus is flowing. If taken internally, combined with herbs that tonify qi and blood, borrowing its ascending property can accelerate efficacy, preventing wind-cold from obstructing. If symptoms persist, bathe again. For those with weak constitution, only wash the head, face, hands, and feet. If repeated bathing fails to produce improvement, it indicates exhaustion of qi and blood, and bathing should cease. Bathing is contraindicated for newly erupted lesions or those that are itchy and collapsed.
Sufangmu (Biancaea Sappan), this tree is native to China, now commonly abbreviated as Sumu (Sappanwood).
The flavor is sweet, salty, and slightly pungent. The nature is neutral. Its descending action exceeds its ascending action; it belongs to yin within yang. It enters the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, and also the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It mainly treats distension and oppression caused by敗血 (decaying blood) postpartum, or syncope with locked jaw due to lochia retention. (Contraindicated if caused by excessive blood loss leading to deficiency). It also treats abdominal pain caused by turbulent qi and blood, irregular menstruation, consumptive disease with blood masses, qi congestion and stagnation, and locked jaw with inability to speak due to stroke in both men and women. It treats frequent vomiting. (Suspect blood stasis in the stomach). It breaks down sores and ulcers, and disperses wind from the interior and exterior. (Should be used with Fangfeng/Saposhnikovia Root). It can also break down dead blood, making it suitable for postpartum blood swelling and fullness approaching death. (Jiegu). Born from the qi of earth and water, its therapeutic effects all stem from entering the blood level and promoting blood circulation. The pungent and salty flavors dissipate, possessing the additional functions of softening hardness and moistening downward movement. (Zhongchun). Combined with Zelan (Lycopus Herb), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Shengdi (Rehmannia Root), Puhuang (Typha Pollen), Renru (Human Milk), Tongbian (Child's Urine), Yimucao (Leonurus Herb), Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), Heidou (Black Soybean), and Jingjiesui (Schizonepeta Spike), it is effective for treating postpartum syncope. Combined with ShanZha (Hawthorn Fruit), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome), Danpi (Moutan Bark), Zelan, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung), Chishao (Red Peony Root), and Honghua (Carthamus Flower), it treats postpartum "child pillow" pain. Adding Ruxiang (Frankincense) and Moyao (Myrrh) treats persistent postpartum blood masses. For cases caused by cold, add a small amount of fried black Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). Combined with Yanhusuo, Danpi, Danggui, Niuxi, Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Root), Shaoyao (Peony Root), and Xuduan (Dipsacus Root), decoct into a thick liquid, add powders of Ruxiang, Moyao, Xuexue (Sappanwood), Ziran Tong (Natural Copper), Chongmabu Hui (Ash of Silk Cloth with Worms), and Huangjingzi (Vitex Fruit), adjust dosage according to severity, taking 4-5 qian (approx. 12-15 g) mixed, it works miraculously for traumatic injuries. Postpartum asthma with blackened face approaching death indicates blood entering the lungs. Use two liang (approx. 60 g) of Sumu, two bowls of water, boil down to one bowl, add five qian (approx. 15 g) of Ginseng powder, adjust as needed. Named Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Sappan Drink), it is highly effective.
[Discussion] The flavor of Sumu is predominantly sweet with salty notes, and slightly pungent. Salty flavors enter the blood, sweet flavors enter the spleen. However, its substance is wood, and its color is red, embodying the heart's generation of blood, liver's storage of blood, and spleen's control of blood. Furthermore, the pungent flavor utilizes the qi of Metal (Lung) to facilitate blood circulation, thus its application in the blood aspect is most specialized. Generally, for harmonizing blood, use a small dose; for breaking blood, use a large dose. Regarding its ability to disperse wind, this refers to dispersing wind within the blood, such as in cases of syncope and locked jaw. Observing the terms "interior and exterior," the meaning is certainly worth pondering.
It is not suitable for postpartum abdominal pain caused by blood deficiency after lochia has ceased. (Zhongchun)
[Processing] Remove the bark and nodes, finely chop, steam with plum branches for half a day, then dry in the shade for use.