一名尧韭。类凡五种。生于池泽。蒲叶肥。高二三尺者。泥菖蒲。白菖也。生于
蒲叶瘦。根高二三尺者。水菖蒲。溪荪也。生于水石间。叶有剑脊。瘦根密节。高尺
石菖蒲也。栽之以砂。一年至春剪洗。愈剪愈细。如韭根如匙柄。高四五尺者。亦石菖
甚则根长二三分。叶长寸许。谓之钱蒲。入药须用二种石菖蒲。余皆不堪。
根
味辛微苦。气温。主治开心帅气。通九窍。明耳目。治耳鸣或痛。客忤癫痫。除心积
伏梁。并下气湿痹。（在阴在脉之痹。乃湿乃风之因。咸能宣发。设寒水专令。取效更捷。）
止
心气不足。人参茯苓石菖蒲。水土和合。抽为草木。惟石菖蒲全得生阳之气。吮拔水液。盘
络砂石。不假地土之力。昌美溪浦之间。故曰菖蒲。以治病之用言。当号昌阳。以发生之体
言。当号阳昌。（子繇）古方有单服菖蒲法。心腹冷气KT 痛者。取一二寸捶碎。同吴茱煎
汤饮之。猝患心痛。嚼一二寸。热汤或酒送下。（颂）下痢噤口。虽是脾虚。亦热气闭隔心
胸所致。俗用木香失之温。用山药失之闭。惟参苓白术散加石菖蒲。粳米饮调下。或用参苓
石莲肉。
阳精芳草
（仲淳）同
萆黄柏。
为补心之剂。
以猪心一
蒲八两锉。斑
子大。每服三
〔论〕菖蒲感百阴之气。冬至后五十七日始生。盘水石间。吮拔水液。不假土力。稍有
泥滓
菖蒲
为君火
语以
阳既昌乎阴
脉络之宗主
蒲补心气之虚
即随丁。然后
阳。其阳气之
生阳之气。感至
阳气之通天也。
〔辨治〕生石上者。嫩黄紧硬。节稠一寸九节者。真。中心微赤。辛香少渣。更妙。其
有形
刮去
。晒干用。
石菖蒲，又名尧韭。其种类共有五种。
生长在水边沼泽地里的，叶片肥厚，株高二三尺的，是泥菖蒲，也叫白菖蒲。
生长在水边的，叶片瘦小，根茎高二三尺的，是水菖蒲，也叫溪荪。
生长在水石之间的，叶片有剑脊般的棱线，根茎瘦细且节间紧密，高一尺左右的，是石菖蒲。
人工栽种石菖蒲时需用砂土，每年到春季进行修剪清洗，越修剪根部越细，像韭菜根或匙柄一样。株高四五尺的，也是石菖蒲。
严重的（植株），根长仅二三分，叶长一寸左右，称为钱蒲。入药必须使用两种石菖蒲，其余种类均不堪用。
【性味主治】
味辛、微苦，气温。主要功效为开心气、顺气机，通利九窍，使耳目聪明。治疗耳鸣或耳痛，客忤邪气及癫痫，消除心积伏梁，并降气治疗湿痹。（所谓“在阴在脉之痹”，是由湿和风引起的病因，咸味药物能宣发，若遇寒水专令之时，取效更为快捷。）
此外还能止心痛。对于心气不足，可用参苓白术散加石菖蒲，以人参、茯苓、石菖蒲配伍。水土和合，化生为草木，唯有石菖蒲完全得自生发之阳气，汲取水液，盘绕于砂石之间，不借助地土之力，昌盛于溪浦之间，所以叫它菖蒲。从治病的作用来说，应当称为昌阳；从发生生长的本体来说，应当称为阳昌。（子繇评注）古方中有单服菖蒲的方法。若是心腹冷气疼痛者，取一二寸捶碎，同吴茱萸煎汤饮用。突然患心痛者，嚼食一二寸，用热汤或酒送下。（颂评注）下痢噤口症，虽然是脾虚所致，也是热气闭隔心胸造成的。世俗用药用木香则失之温燥，用山药则失之壅闭，只有参苓白术散加石菖蒲，用粳米饮调服。或者用人参、茯苓、石莲肉、黄柏、萆薢等配伍。
【论】
菖蒲感受百种阴气，冬至后五十七天开始生长，盘绕于水石之间，汲取水液，不假借泥土之力。稍有泥滓附着，需刮去晒干后使用。它是君火之气，作为脉络的宗主，补益心气之虚。其阳气既昌盛于阴中，感至生发之气，阳气通天也。
Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), also known as Yaojiu (Emperor's Leek). There are five varieties in total.
Those growing in ponds and marshes, with thick leaves and a height of two to three chi, are Ninchangpu (Mud Acorus), also called Baichangpu (White Acorus).
Those growing by the water, with slender leaves and roots/stems two to three chi high, are Shuichangpu (Water Acorus), also called Xisun (Stream Iris).
Those growing between rocks and water, with leaves having a sword-like ridge, slender stems with dense nodes, and a height of about one chi, are Shichangpu (Rock Acorus).
When cultivated in sand, Shichangpu is trimmed and washed every spring; the more it is trimmed, the finer the rhizome becomes, resembling the root of a leek or the handle of a spoon. Those reaching a height of four to five chi are also classified as Shichangpu.
In severe cases, the rhizome may be only two to three fen long, with leaves about one cun long, referred to as Qianpu (Coin Acorus). For medicinal use, only two types of Shichangpu should be used; the others are unsuitable.
[Properties and Indications]
Pungent and slightly bitter in taste, warm in nature. It primarily benefits the Heart Qi, regulates Qi mechanism, unblocks the nine orifices, and clarifies the ears and eyes. It treats tinnitus or ear pain, Ke Wu (sudden onset of illness due to external pathogenic factors) and epilepsy, eliminates Xin Ji Fu Liang (accumulations in the heart region), and descends Qi to treat Bi syndrome caused by dampness. (The "Bi syndrome in Yin and meridians" is caused by dampness and wind; salty substances can promote dissemination, and if applied during cold-water dominant periods, efficacy is even more rapid.)
It also stops chest pain. For insufficiency of Heart Qi, Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) combined with Shichangpu can be used, pairing Ginseng, Poria, and Shichangpu. Water and earth harmonize to generate herbs; among them, Shichangpu fully acquires the vital Yang Qi, absorbing water fluids and coiling around sandstones without relying on soil power, flourishing in streams and riverbanks, hence named Changpu. Regarding its therapeutic function, it should be called Changyang; regarding its generative nature, it should be called Yangchang. (Commentary by Ziyao) Ancient prescriptions include methods for taking Changpu alone. For cold Qi pain in the heart and abdomen, take one or two cun, crush it, decoct with Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), and drink the soup. For sudden chest pain, chew one or two cun and swallow with hot water or wine. (Commentary by Song) Dysentery with inability to eat (Jinkou), although caused by Spleen deficiency, is also due to heat qi blocking the heart and chest. Commonly used drugs like Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) are too warming, and Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) is too cloying. Only Shenling Baizhu San added with Shichangpu, taken with rice gruel, is suitable. Alternatively, Ginseng, Poria, Lotus Seed Meat, Phellodendri Cortex, and Bixie (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma) may be compounded.
[Discussion]
Changpu absorbs the Qi of a hundred Yins and begins to grow fifty-seven days after the Winter Solstice, coiling among rocks and water, absorbing fluids without borrowing the strength of soil. Any slight mud residue must be scraped off before sun-drying for use. It governs the Minister Fire, acts as the master of meridians and collaterals, and tonifies the deficiency of Heart Qi. Its Yang Qi flourishes within Yin, sensing the generative Qi, allowing Yang Qi to connect with Heaven.
[Differentiation and Treatment]
Shichangpu growing on stones is tender yellow, tight, and hard. Those with dense nodes, specifically nine nodes per cun, are authentic. The center is slightly reddish, with a pungent aroma and little residue, which is superior.