在处有之。茎干不全类木。亦非草本。高二三尺。正二月旧枝抽苗作花。有紫赤黄白
种。三月花落尽。叶乃生。似柳而青。渐浓则转黑。根皮黄。似桑根。三月采花。必于叶
生时。叶生花落。即不堪用。五月采叶。八九月采根。 据图经。荛花恐即芫花。说详纲
味辛苦。气微温。有小毒。内搜肠胃。外达毛孔。 决明为之使。反甘草。 主咳逆上
气。
在五
花
开鬼
内
于
流
令
徐
通
〔论〕 芫花春月生苗。其花随吐。尽春而落。全禀风木之气。以致其用于水气。本经
首主
辛温
气所
不
而气
海藏云。水者肺脾肾三经所主。有脏腑十二经部分。上而头。中而四肢。下而腰脚。外
而皮
方可
用。
〔修治〕 留数年陈久者良。用时以好醋煮十数沸。去醋。水浸一宿。晒干。如是则毒
减。
夏生苗叶。秋吐细花。随即结实。
气味甘辛。有毒热。 善收吸。开通关窍经络。治偏风不遂。口眼 邪。失音口噤。及
头风
味颇
产胞衣剩
应。（丹
外用累奏
摩数次。
经宿而
丹田。
右。右
不可忍
粒。研油
取油。作捻
去。不尔则
上。托入。
可忍。蓖麻仁
〔论〕 丹溪谓蓖麻子属阴。主吸出有形质之滞物。第观其苗叶盛于夏。穗实结于秋。
得毋
脏腑
此物捣膏。以筋点于鹅马六畜舌根下。即不能食。或点肛内。即下血死。其毒可知。 凡
服
薄肠
〔修治〕 蓖麻子无刺者良。有刺者毒。 凡使以盐汤煮半日。去皮取仁。研用。
芫花：
到处都有生长。它的茎干不完全像树木，也不是草本植物。高度约二三尺。在正二月间，去年的老枝抽出新苗并开花。花色有紫、赤、黄、白几种。三月时花朵落尽，叶子才长出来。叶子形状像柳叶但呈青色，随着颜色逐渐加深会转为黑色。根皮呈黄色，类似桑树的根皮。三月采集花朵，必须在叶子长出时采集；如果叶子长出后花朵才开，就不堪使用了。五月采集叶子，八月和九月采集根部。据《图经》记载，荛花恐怕就是芫花，详细说明见《本草纲目》。
芫花的味道辛苦，气微温，有小毒。在内能搜剔肠胃中的邪气，在外能通达毛孔。决明子作为其引经药（使药）。与甘草相反。主要治疗咳嗽气逆上冲。
〔论述〕 芫花在春季月份生出嫩苗，它的花随吐泻之症而发挥作用，整个春天落下。完全禀受了风木之气，从而将其功效应用于水气病证。《神农本草经》首先主治……（原文此处似有缺漏或排版错乱，依文意理解为）辛温之气所主……海藏先生（张元素）说：水液由肺、脾、肾三经所主管，涉及脏腑十二经的部分分布，向上至头部，中间至四肢，向下至腰脚，向外至皮肤……方可使用。
〔炮制〕 存放数年的陈久者品质较好。使用时用优质醋煮十几滚，去掉醋，用水浸泡一夜，晒干。这样毒性就会减少。
蓖麻子：
夏季生出苗叶，秋季吐出细小的花，随即结出果实。
气味甘辛，有毒且性热。善于收敛吸附，开通关窍经络。治疗偏瘫不遂、口眼歪斜、失音口噤，以及头风……味道颇……产胞衣剩余……应。（丹溪……外用屡次奏效……揉搓数次……过夜后……丹田。右侧。右侧……不可忍受……粒，研成油……取油，做成捻条……去除，不然的话……上。托入。……可忍受。蓖麻仁……
〔论述〕 朱丹溪认为蓖麻子属阴，主要作用是吸出有形质的停滞之物。只是看它的苗叶在夏天茂盛，穗实结在秋天。莫非……脏腑……此物捣成膏状，用筋点涂在鹅、马等六畜的舌根下，它们就不能进食；或者点涂在肛门内，就会下血而死。其毒性可知。凡是服用……薄肠……
*Genkwa Flos (Yuan Hua)*:
Grows everywhere. Its stems and trunks are not entirely woody, nor are they herbaceous. It is two to three chi high. In the first and second lunar months, old branches sprout new shoots that produce flowers. There are varieties with purple, red, yellow, and white colors. By the third month, after the flowers have completely fallen, the leaves emerge. The leaves resemble those of a willow but are green; as they thicken in color, they turn black. The root bark is yellow, resembling mulberry root bark. Flowers are harvested in the third month, specifically when the leaves are emerging; if the flowers bloom after the leaves have grown, they are unsuitable for use. Leaves are harvested in the fifth month, and roots in the eighth and ninth months. According to *Tu Jing*, *Rauvolfiae Radix* (Raohua) is likely the same as *Genkwa Flos* (Yuan Hua); detailed explanations can be found in *Bencao Gangmu*.
The taste is pungent and bitter, the nature is slightly warm, and it has slight toxicity. Internally, it searches out pathogenic factors in the intestines and stomach; externally, it reaches the pores. *Cassiae Semen* (Juemingzi) serves as its guiding herb (shi). It is incompatible with *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao). It primarily treats coughing and rebellious qi rushing upward.
[Discussion] Genkwa Flos sprouts in spring months, and its flowers function in relation to expectoration or purging, falling throughout spring. It fully inherits the qi of Wind-Wood, thereby applying its efficacy to disorders of fluid metabolism. *Shennong Bencao Jing* initially states... [Note: Original text appears fragmented here regarding "Pungent-Warm qi"...] Haizang (Zhang Yuansu) stated: Water metabolism is governed by the Lung, Spleen, and Kidney meridians, involving the distribution of the twelve meridians within the zang-fu organs. Upward to the head, middle to the limbs, downward to the waist and feet, outward to the skin... only then can it be used.
[Processing] Those stored for several years as aged material are superior. When using, boil in good vinegar for more than ten boils, discard the vinegar, soak in water overnight, and dry in the sun. This reduces toxicity.
*Ricini Semen (Bimazi)*:
Sprouts leaves in summer, produces fine flowers in autumn, and subsequently bears fruit.
The taste is sweet and pungent; it is toxic and hot in nature. It excels at absorbing and drawing out, opening orifices and collaterals. It treats hemiplegia, facial paralysis (deviation of mouth and eyes), aphonia, lockjaw, and wind-headache... The taste is rather... retained placenta remnants... should. (Danxi... external application often yields results... rub several times... overnight... Dantian. Right side. Right side... unbearable... grains, grind into oil... take the oil, make into a wick... remove, otherwise... upper. Insert. ...bearable. Ricini Semen...)
[Discussion] Zhu Danxi considered Ricini Semen to be Yin-natured, primarily responsible for absorbing and extracting tangible stagnant matter. However, observing that its seedlings and leaves flourish in summer and its fruits form in autumn... could it be related to... zang-fu... This substance, when pounded into a paste and applied with a tendon to the root of the tongue of geese, horses, and other livestock, causes them to cease eating; or if applied inside the anus, it causes fatal hemorrhage. Its toxicity is evident. Whenever ingested... thin intestines...
[Processing] Ricini Semen without spines is superior; that with spines is toxic. For use, boil in salt water for half a day, remove the husk to obtain the kernel, and grind for use.