橘之未黄而青色者。橙皮最浓。柑皮犹浓于橘。此青橘头上破裂。状如莲瓣。
今人多以小柑小柚小橙伪为之。不可不辨。
极苦而辛。气温。气味俱浓。沉而降。阴也。入三焦肝胆气分。炒黑则入血分。疏肝胆。
泻
用以疏通。）最
结。）去下焦诸湿。
气则损真气。（东垣）陈皮
补而后用之。（
陈皮浮而升。
人参鳖甲。能消
木香。消 癖气块
五两。炙甘草六两。
令焦。去甘草茴香。
拘老人小儿。皆可常
人久积忧郁。乳房
水一盏半。煎一盏
〔论〕夫枳子与橘红皆苦。而寒温不同。在江南有橘有枳。江北则有枳无橘。江南之枳。
又
寒
者也。以火为用则气宣。此火即元气。经所谓少火也。气食少火。不可想见真气宣扬之义欤。
抑不
贤又
命门
始。
遍致。
何。曰
阳而下
不下。
者。不
于虚。
化源在
施。肝
〔修治〕汤浸。去瓤。切片。醋拌。瓦上炒过用。消积定痛。醋炒。
橘核
橘实小。其味微酸。柑大于橘。其味甘。用核者审之。气味苦平。入足厥阴经。治肾
腰痛。膀胱气痛。小肠疝气及阴核肿痛。（炒研五钱。酒煮服。或酒糊丸服。）腰痛。橘核
仲各二两。炒研末。每服二钱。盐酒下。
〔论〕橘必成熟之实乃有核。青橘禀金令之初气。取其极小者入药。不得有核。然则核
之性
肝病
〔修治〕以新瓦焙者。去壳取仁。研用。
橘叶
与柑叶同形。但橘树有刺。柑树无。
气味苦平。入足厥阴经。主导胸膈逆气。行肝气。消肿散毒。乳痈胁痛。用之行经。（丹
溪）
橘树果实尚未变黄而呈青色的，称为青橘。其中橙皮的气味最为浓烈，柑皮的气味比橘皮还要浓烈。这种青橘的顶部会自然破裂，形状像莲花的花瓣。现在的人常用小柑橘、小柚子或小橙子来伪造它，这一点必须仔细辨别。
青橘味道极苦且带有辛味，药性属温。其气味都非常浓厚，性质沉降，属于阴。它主要进入三焦（人体上中下三个脏腑功能系统）和肝胆的气分；如果炒成黑色，则能进入血分。它具有疏通肝胆、消散郁结的作用，能够去除下焦的各种湿邪。但是，如果单独使用而不加配伍，它会损伤人体的真气。（李东垣认为）应当在使用陈皮进行补益之后，再使用青橘。（因为）陈皮性质轻浮上升，而人参、鳖甲能够消除……木香能够消除……癖气块（腹内结块）。用量为五两，炙甘草六两，使其焦化，去掉甘草和茴香。无论是老人还是小孩，都可以经常服用。人如果长期积聚忧郁之气，导致乳房……用水一盏半，煎煮至一盏。
〔论述〕枳实与橘红虽然都味苦，但寒热属性不同。在江南地区有橘也有枳，而在江北地区只有枳没有橘。江南的枳……是偏寒的。以火为用则气机宣通，这里的“火”即指元气，也就是《内经》所说的“少火”。气依赖于少火的温煦，难道不能体会到真气宣扬的深意吗？然而……贤者又提到命门……开始……普遍导致……为什么？曰：阳而下……不下……者，不……于虚……化源在……施。肝……
〔炮制〕用汤浸泡，去掉瓤，切片，用醋拌匀，在瓦片上炒过后使用。用于消积定痛时，用醋炒。
橘核
橘的果实较小，味道微酸；柑比橘大，味道甘甜。使用橘核时要仔细辨别。橘核气味苦平，入足厥阴肝经。治疗肾虚腰痛、膀胱气痛、小肠疝气以及阴囊肿痛。（用法：炒研成末五钱，酒煮服用，或用酒糊做成丸剂服用。）对于腰痛，可用橘核……仲各二两，炒研成末。每次服用二钱，用盐酒送服。
〔论述〕橘子必须等到果实成熟后才有核。青橘禀受金令之初气，取其极小的部分入药，是不应该有核的。那么橘核的性质……肝病……
〔炮制〕用新瓦焙干，去掉壳取仁，研碎使用。
橘叶
橘叶与柑叶形状相同，只是橘树有刺，而柑树没有。
橘叶气味苦平，入足厥阴肝经。主要疏导胸膈逆气，运行肝气，消肿散毒。治疗乳痈（急性乳腺炎）、胁痛，使用时需配合行经药物。（朱丹溪观点）
Qingju Pi (Green Tangerine Peel), which refers to the peel of tangerines before they turn yellow and are still green, is characterized by varying intensities among varieties: the peel of orange (Chenpi) is the strongest, while that of kumquat (Ganpi) is even stronger than that of common tangerine. The top of this Qingju Pi naturally cracks open, resembling lotus petals. Nowadays, people often counterfeit it with small kumquats, small pomelos, or small oranges; this distinction must be carefully noted.
It tastes extremely bitter and pungent, with a warm nature. Its aroma and flavor are both intense, possessing a sinking and descending property, belonging to Yin. It enters the Qi aspect of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) and the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. When charred black, it enters the Blood aspect. It soothes and unblocks the Liver and Gallbladder, dissipates stagnation, and eliminates various dampnesses in the Lower Jiao. However, if used alone without proper formulation, it may damage the True Qi. (Li Dongyuan stated) It should be used after tonifying with Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel). (Because) Chenpi floats and ascends, whereas Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) and Biejia (Turtle Shell) can eliminate... Muxiang (Costus Root) eliminates... Piqi Kuai (abdominal masses). The dosage is five liang, with six liang of Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), fried until scorched, removing Gancao and Huixiang (Fennel). Both the elderly and children may take it regularly. If a person suffers from long-term accumulation of depressive Qi leading to breast... use one and a half cups of water, decocted to one cup.
[Discussion] Zhizi (Bitter Orange Fruit) and Juhong (Red Tangerine Peel) are both bitter, but differ in their cold and warm properties. In Jiangnan, there are both tangerines and bitter oranges, whereas in Jiangbei, there are only bitter oranges and no tangerines. The bitter oranges in Jiangnan... are cold-natured. Using fire as its application promotes the dissemination of Qi; this "fire" refers to Yuan Qi (Original Qi), also known as Shaohuo (Lesser Fire) mentioned in the Classics. Qi nourishes itself through Shaohuo; can we not perceive the profound meaning of the flourishing of True Qi? Yet... sages further mention Mingmen (Gate of Life)... starting... widespread causes... Why? It is said: Yang descends... does not descend... those who... regarding deficiency... The source of transformation lies in... application. Liver...
[Processing] Soak in boiling water, remove the pith, slice, mix with vinegar, and stir-fry on a tile before use. For eliminating accumulations and relieving pain, stir-fry with vinegar.
Juhe (Tangerine Seed)
The fruit of the tangerine is small and slightly sour; the kumquat is larger and sweet. One must exercise caution when using seeds. Juhe has a bitter and neutral taste, enters the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, and treats kidney-deficiency lower back pain, Bladder Qi pain, intestinal hernia, and swelling and pain of the scrotum. (Usage: Five qian, stir-fried and ground into powder, decocted in wine for oral administration, or made into pills with wine paste.) For lower back pain, use Juhe... Zhong [likely referring to a specific preparation or herb part] two liang each, stir-fried and ground into powder. Take two qian per dose, administered with salted wine.
[Discussion] Only mature tangerine fruits have seeds. Qingju inherits the initial Qi of Metal's command; the smallest parts are taken for medicinal use, and they should not contain seeds. Therefore, the nature of Juhe... Liver disease...
[Processing] Bake on a new tile, remove the shell, extract the kernel, and grind for use.
Juye (Tangerine Leaf)
Juye has the same shape as Ganye (Kumquat Leaf), but the tangerine tree has thorns, whereas the kumquat tree does not.
Juye has a bitter and neutral taste, enters the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. It primarily directs rebellious Qi in the chest and diaphragm, promotes the movement of Liver Qi, reduces swelling, and disperses toxicity. It is used for treating Ruyong (Acute Mastitis) and hypochondriac pain, combined with herbs that regulate menstruation. (Zhu Danxi's view)