灸气海一穴。（《续易简方脉论》）
香茹四苓散，治暑泻。
香薷（三钱） 白扁豆（炒三钱） 浓朴（姜炒二钱） 白术（土炒一钱）
白茯苓（一钱） 木通（一钱） 滑石（一钱）
内热，加姜炒黄连一钱。（《集验良方》）《养生四要》猪苓汤，治人于夏月，在烈日之中，奔走劳役
得病，于本方去木通、滑石，加炙甘、猪苓、泽泻。（宜与《泄泻门》相参。）
益元散（一名天水散，一名太白散），解中暑。
滑石（六两白腻好者） 甘草（一两）
上为细末，每服三钱，蜜少许，温水调下，或无蜜亦可，无时日三服。或欲冷冻饮料者，新井泉水调下亦得。
（《直格》）《元戎》名六一散。《奇效》辰砂益原散，治伏暑烦渴引饮，小便不利，心神恍惚，于本方加辰
砂三钱。
桂苓甘露散（一名桂苓白术散），治冒暑，湿热内甚，或吐泻烦渴，或小便赤涩。（《节录》）
桂（半两） 茯苓 白术（各半两） 甘草（炙） 泽泻 石膏 寒水石（各一两） 滑石（二两制如前）
上为极细末，热汤调下三钱，欲冷冻饮料者，新水调下，或生姜汤调下尤良，小儿服一钱。（《直格》）《宣
明论》有猪苓。（按∶此方系五苓散、甘露散、益元散三方相合者。甘露散本出《小儿直诀》，用石膏、寒水
石、甘草三味，治伤热吐泻黄瘦。而《全婴方论》，用治小儿中暑昏迷，烦渴不止，心躁体热头疼，或伏热吐
泻。）
滋补方法（长夏湿热、注夏） 问∶脉弦细芤迟，当用何药？答曰∶海藏黄 汤主之。
人参 黄 白术 茯苓 芍药 甘草（各等分）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一大盏，生姜三片，煎至六分，去滓温服。（《元戎》）
时当长夏，湿热大胜，蒸蒸而炽。人感之，多四肢困倦，精神短少，懒于动作，胸满气促，肢节沉痛，或
气高而喘，身热而烦，心下膨痞，小便黄而少，大便溏而频，或痢出黄糜，或如泔色，或渴或不渴，不思饮食，
自汗体重，或汗少者，血先病而气不病也。其脉中得洪缓，若湿气相搏，必加之以迟，迟则病虽互换少差，其
天暑湿令则一也。宜以清燥之剂治之，名之曰清暑益气汤主之。
清暑益气汤。
黄 （汗少者减五分） 苍术（泔浸去皮以上各一钱五分） 升麻（一钱） 人参（去芦） 白术 橘皮
神曲（炒） 泽泻（以上各五分） 甘草（炙） 黄柏（酒浸） 当归身 麦门冬（去心） 青皮（去白） 葛
根（以上各三分） 五味子（九个）
上 咀，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣稍热服食远。（《内外伤辨》）《明医杂着》∶夏月伤暑，
发热汗大泄，无气力，脉虚细而迟，此暑伤元气也。于本方去苍术、升麻、神曲、泽泻、当归、青皮、葛根、
五味子，加黄连、芍药、茯苓、香薷、知母。（更有一方，今省。）
近制清暑益气汤。
人参 白术 麦门冬 五味子 陈皮 甘草（炙） 黄柏（炒） 黄 （蜜炙） 当归身 随人加减，姜枣
煎。（《六要》）
人参益气汤，治两手指麻木，四肢困倦怠情，乃热伤元气也。
黄 （八钱） 生甘草 人参（各五钱） 白芍药（三钱） 柴胡（二钱五分） 炙甘草 升麻（各二钱）
五味子（一百四十个）
上 咀，分作四服，每服水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣稍热食远服。（《兰室》）（按∶《宝鉴》治伤湿过汗
亡阳，人参益气汤，系补中益气汤加黄柏、白芍，名同而方异。）
注夏，属阴虚，元气不足，夏初春末，头疼脚软，食少体热者是，宜补中益气汤，去柴胡、升麻，加炒柏、
白芍药，又或用生脉散。（《丹溪》）
圣人立法，夏月宜补者，补天真元气，非补热火也，夏食寒者是也。故以人参之甘补气，麦门冬苦寒泻热补
水之源，五味子之酸清肃燥金，名曰生脉散。孙真人云∶五月常服五味子，以补五脏之气。亦此意也。（《内
外伤辨》）
（《格致余论》曰，孙真人制生脉散，令人夏月服之。按。真人书无生脉散方，盖朱氏误臆东垣此语也。）
生脉散。
人参 五味子 麦门冬（各等分）
上细切水煎，夏月时时代熟水饮之。东垣曰∶夏月服牛脉散，加黄 、甘草，令人气力涌出。（《正传》）
生脉散，滋生精气，培养真元，补心润肺。
人参 麦门冬（各三分） 五味子（十五粒） 加白术（二两）
上剂水煎，不拘时服，渣再煎则可充百茶汤。（《回春》）五六月体弱气衰，精神不足，烦热懒食，以生
脉散主之。（《原病集》）《方考》生脉散加香薷，治人本阴虚，复途遇暑，饥困劳倦，暴仆昏绝。
有因冒暑，吐极胃虚，百药不入，粒米不下，入口即吐，病甚危笃。急用人参一钱，黄连五分，姜汁炒焦
糯米一撮，水一钟，煎一小酒盏，候冷用茶匙徐徐润下，少顷再入一匙，得入数匙不吐，尽一小盏，便可投药
食矣。（《医贯》）
中暑，循衣摸床，以手撮空，本是死症，然而可救者，以暑气之在心，解心中之热，则五脏即有生气。方
用独参汤三两，加黄连三钱灌之，而循衣摸床撮空等症遽止者即生，盖人参救心气之绝，而黄连散心中之火，
火散气回，其生也必矣。（《石室秘 》）
元气空虚，暑邪直中，实时昏闷，汗出如雨，脉脱而渴，身虽有大热，不可用清暑等药，急用大剂参麦汤
，破格挽回。（《医约》）
温中方法 大顺散，治冒暑伏热，引饮过多，脾胃受湿，水谷不分，清浊相干，阴阳气逆，霍乱呕吐，
脏腑不调。
甘草（三十斤锉寸长） 干姜 杏仁（去皮尖） 肉桂（去粗皮各四斤）
上先将甘草用白砂炒，及八分黄熟，次入干姜同炒，令姜裂，次入杏仁，又同炒，候杏仁不作声为度，用
筛隔净后，入肉桂一处捣罗为散、每服二钱，水一中盏，煎至七分，去滓温服，如烦躁，井花水调下，不拘时
候，以沸汤点服亦得。（《和剂》）此方非治暑，乃治暑月饮冷受伤之脾胃尔。（《医方考》）
冷香饮子，治老人虚人伏暑烦躁，引饮无度，恶心疲倦，服凉药不得者。
草果仁（三两） 附子（炮去皮脐） 橘红（各一两） 甘草（炙半两）
上 咀，每服一两，水二碗，生姜十片，煎至半碗，去滓沉冷，旋旋服，不拘时候。（《济生》）
夏月因暑致病，而医有不知伏阴，误投寒剂，以致吐泻腹痛，或外热内寒，烦躁多渴，状若伤寒，但察其
脉微神困，便是阴盛格阳之证，速宜温药以救其内。（《景岳》）
夏月既伤暑热，复伤生冷，外热内寒者，当专以内寒为主，有滞者清其滞，无滞者益其气，但温中理脾，
脾气既复而暑无不退也。（同上）
卒倒证治 夏月炎热，人冒涉途路，热毒入内，与五脏相并，客邪炽盛，或郁瘀不宣，致阴气卒绝，
阳气暴壅，经络不通，故奄然闷绝，谓之 。然此乃外邪所击，真藏未坏，若便遇治救，气宣则苏。夫热
不可得冷，得冷便死。此谓外卒以冷触，其热蕴积于内，不得宣发故也。（《病源论》）
治热 方 可饮热汤，亦可内少干姜、橘皮、甘草煮饮之，稍稍咽，勿顿使饱，但以热土及熬灰土壅
脐上佳。（《千金》）
又方 浓煮蓼，取汁三升，饮之即愈，不瘥更灌。
又方 张死人口令通，以暖汤徐徐灌口中，小举死人头，令汤入腹，须臾即苏。
又方 使人嘘其心令暖，易人为之。（并同上）
治中 死，心下犹暖，起死方。
上令病者仰面卧，取温水不住手浇淋脐中，次以童子小便合生地黄汁灌之自活。禁与冷水，只与温熟水饮
之。（《中藏经》）
治暑 ，逡巡闷绝不救者。
道上热土 大蒜
上略等多少，烂研，冷水和，去滓饮之，即瘥。此方在徐州沛县城门上，板书揭之，不知何人所施也。
（《苏沈》）
中热 不省方。
大蒜（不拘多少去皮捣烂）
上一味，用新水调匀灌之。（《圣济》）
中暑闷倒，急扶在阴凉处，切不可与冷，当以布巾衣物等，蘸热汤熨脐中及气海，续以汤淋布上，令彻脐
腹暖，即渐醒。如仓卒无汤处，掬道上热土于脐上，仍拨开作窝子，令人更溺于其中以代汤。续与解暑毒药，
如白虎、竹叶石膏汤。凡觉中暑，急嚼生姜一大块，冷水送下。如已迷闷，嚼大蒜一大瓣，冷水送下。如不能
嚼，即用水研灌之，立醒。（《易简方》此下曰∶仍以蒜少许置鼻中，气透即苏。）路中仓卒无水渴甚，急
嚼生葱二寸许，津同咽，可抵饮水二升。（《三因》）
曾有客人中暑迷闷，四肢厥逆，冷汗如雨，裸形欲投水中，口吻涎沫流溢，此中暑已深，阴阳离绝难除。
（《要诀》）苏后为医者过投冷剂，致吐利不止，外热内寒，烦躁
多渴，甚欲裸形，状如伤寒阴盛隔阳，当用温药，香薷饮加附子浸冷服。渴者缩脾饮加附子，亦浸冷服。
（同上）
暑风 近来江浙之间中暑，多有搐搦不省人事者，屡见之矣，医经之所不载。诊其脉浮而虚，盖浮则
为风，虚则为暑，此中暑而又伤风，故有是证，俗命名谓之暑风。若作惊痫治之，多致不救。仓卒之际，宜以
温熟水，化苏合香丸灌之，俟其稍苏，却以黄连香薷散加羌活煎服，作效者多矣。（《济生》）
疑似证 夏月出汗太过，则津液伤，筋骨失养，或痛或渴，不可便作暑治。即卒倒不省，亦有气郁生
痰而厥者，有劳役色欲并伤而厥者，有食滞太阴清浊痞膈而厥者，岂可尽作暑症。如果冲斥道途，劳役而中，
身热脉虚，方可以暑风、暑厥治之。（《六要》）（据《汇补》订正录）
香薷四苓散，治疗暑湿引起的腹泻。
药材：香薷（三钱）、炒白扁豆（三钱）、姜炒厚朴（二钱）、土炒白术（一钱）、白茯苓（一钱）、木通（一钱）、滑石（一钱）。
若伴有内热，加姜炒黄连一钱。（出自《集验良方》）
《养生四要》记载的猪苓汤，用于治疗人在夏季烈日下奔走劳役而患病的情况。在本方基础上去掉木通、滑石，加入炙甘草、猪苓、泽泻。（此方宜与《泄泻门》内容参照参考。）
益元散（又名天水散，又名太白散），用于解除中暑。
药材：滑石（六两，选用白色细腻优质的）、甘草（一两）。
将上述药物研成细末，每次服用三钱，加少许蜂蜜，用温水调服；若无蜂蜜也可，不限时间，每日三次服用。若想喝冷冻饮料，用新井泉水调服也可以。（出自《直格》）《元戎》称之为六一散。《奇效》中的辰砂益元散，用于治疗伏暑引起的烦渴引饮、小便不利、心神恍惚，在本方基础上加辰砂三钱。
桂苓甘露散（又名桂苓白术散），用于治疗冒暑，湿热内盛，或出现呕吐腹泻、烦渴，或小便赤涩等症状。（出自《节录》）
药材：桂枝（半两）、茯苓、白术（各半两）、炙甘草、泽泻、石膏、寒水石（各一两）、滑石（二两，按前述方法炮制）。
将上述药物研成极细末，用热开水调服三钱；若想喝冷冻饮料，用新水调服，或用生姜汤调服效果更佳，小儿服用一钱。（出自《直格》）《宣明论》中该方含有猪苓。（按语：此方是五苓散、甘露散、益元散三方合并而成。甘露散原本出自《小儿直诀》，使用石膏、寒水石、甘草三味药，治疗伤热引起的呕吐腹泻、身体发黄消瘦。而《全婴方论》用它治疗小儿中暑昏迷、烦渴不止、心躁体热头痛，或伏热引起的呕吐腹泻。）
滋补方法（针对长夏湿热、注夏病）
问：脉象弦细芤迟，应当用什么药？答曰：海藏黄汤主治。
药材：人参、黄芪、白术、茯苓、芍药、甘草（各等分）。
将药物切碎，每次服用三钱，用水一大盏，生姜三片，煎至六成水量，去渣温服。（出自《元戎》）
当时正值长夏，湿热之气极盛，热气蒸腾炽烈。人感受这种邪气，多表现为四肢困倦、精神不足、懒于动作、胸满气促、肢节沉重疼痛，或者气短喘息、身热烦躁、胃脘部胀满痞塞、小便黄而量少、大便溏薄且次数频繁，或者痢疾排出黄色糜烂物，或如米泔水色，或者口渴或者不渴，不思饮食，自汗体重，或者汗少者，这是血先受病而气未受病。其脉象中见洪缓，若湿气相搏，必加上迟脉，虽然病情略有差异，但天暑湿令的本质是一样的。适宜用清燥的药剂治疗，名为清暑益气汤主治。
清暑益气汤。
药材：黄芪（汗少者减五分）、苍术（泔水浸泡去皮，以上各一钱五分）、升麻（一钱）、人参（去芦头）、白术、橘皮、神曲（炒）、泽泻（以上各五分）、炙甘草、酒浸黄柏、当归身、麦门冬（去心）、青皮（去白）、葛根（以上各三分）、五味子（九个）。
将药物切碎，作为一剂，用水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣稍热后在远离进食的时间服用。（出自《内外伤辨》）《明医杂着》指出：夏季伤暑，发热大汗淋漓，无力，脉虚细而迟，这是暑邪损伤元气。在本方中去掉苍术、升麻、神曲、泽泻、当归、青皮、葛根、五味子，加入黄连、芍药、茯苓、香薷、知母。（另有一方，此处省略。）
近代制定的清暑益气汤。
药材：人参、白术、麦门冬、五味子、陈皮、炙甘草、炒黄柏、蜜炙黄芪、当归身。根据病人情况加减，用生姜、大枣煎服。（出自《六要》）
人参益气汤，治疗两手手指麻木、四肢困倦倦怠，这是热邪损伤元气所致。
药材：黄芪（八钱）、生甘草、人参（各五钱）、白芍药（三钱）、柴胡（二钱五分）、炙甘草、升麻（各二钱）、五味子（一百四十个）。
将药物切碎，分为四服，每服用二盏水，煎至一盏，去渣稍热后在远离进食的时间服用。（出自《兰室》）（按语：《宝鉴》治疗因湿邪过重出汗过多导致亡阳，用人参益气汤，它是补中益气汤加黄柏、白芍，名称相同但方剂不同。）
注夏病，属于阴虚，元气不足，表现为夏初春末时头疼脚软、食少体热，适宜用补中益气汤，去掉柴胡、升麻，加入炒黄柏、白芍药，或者使用生脉散。（出自《丹溪》）
圣人制定法则，夏季适宜进补的是补充天真元气，而不是补热火。夏季吃寒凉食物就是这一道理。所以用人参的甘味补气，麦门冬的苦寒清热补水之源，五味子的酸味清肃燥金，名为生脉散。孙真人说：五月常服五味子，以补五脏之气。也是这个意思。（出自《内外伤辨》）
（《格致余论》说，孙真人制作生脉散，让人在夏季服用。按：真人的书中没有生脉散的方子，大概是朱氏错误地推测东垣有此语。）
生脉散。
药材：人参、五味子、麦门冬（各等分）。
将药物细切，用水煎煮，夏季随时代替熟水饮用。东垣说：夏季服用生脉散，加黄芪、甘草，能使人精力充沛。（出自《正传》）
生脉散，滋生精气，培养真元，补心润肺。
药材：人参、麦门冬（各三分）、五味子（十五粒）。加白术（二两）。
将药物加水煎煮，不拘时间服用，药渣再煎则可以充当百茶汤。（出自《回春》）五六月身体虚弱气衰、精神不足、烦热懒食，以生脉散主治。（出自《原病集》）《方考》记载生脉散加香薷，治疗本属阴虚之人，又途中遇暑，饥困劳倦，突然仆倒昏绝。
有因冒暑，呕吐剧烈导致胃虚，百药不入，米粒不下，入口即吐，病情非常危重。紧急用人参一钱，黄连五分，姜汁炒焦糯米一撮，水一钟，煎至一小酒盏的量，候冷后用茶匙慢慢润服，过一会儿再入一匙，若能吞下数匙不吐，喝完一小盏，就可以投喂药物食物了。（出自《医贯》）
中暑出现循衣摸床、以手撮空的症状，本是死症，然而可救的情况，是因为暑气在心，解开心中之热，则五脏就有生气。方用独参汤三两，加黄连三钱灌服，如果循衣摸床撮空等症状立即停止就能生还，盖因人参挽救心气之绝，而黄连疏散心中之火，火散气回，生存的希望就大了。（出自《石室秘 》）
元气空虚，暑邪直中，随即昏闷，汗出如雨，脉微欲绝而口渴，身体虽有大热，不可用清暑等药，紧急用大剂量参麦汤，破格挽回。（出自《医约》）
温中方法
大顺散，治疗冒暑伏热，饮水过多，脾胃受湿，水谷不分，清浊相干，阴阳气逆，霍乱呕吐，脏腑不调。
药材：甘草（三十斤锉成寸长）、干姜、杏仁（去皮尖）、肉桂（去粗皮各四斤）。
先将甘草用白砂炒，炒至八分黄熟，其次放入干姜同炒，令姜裂开，其次放入杏仁，又同炒，等到杏仁不再发出声响为度，用筛子过滤干净后，放入肉桂一处捣罗成散。每服二钱，用水一中盏，煎至七分，去渣温服；如果烦躁，用井花水调服，不拘时候，用沸汤点服也可以。（出自《和剂局方》）此方不是治暑，而是治疗暑月因饮冷受伤的脾胃罢了。（出自《医方考》）
冷香饮子，治疗老人虚人伏暑烦躁，饮水无度，恶心疲倦，服用凉药不得的情况。
药材：草果仁（三两）、附子（炮制去皮脐）、橘红（各一两）、炙甘草（半两）。
将药物切碎，每服一两，用水二碗，生姜十片，煎至半碗，去渣冷却，慢慢服用，不拘时候。（出自《济生方》）
夏季因暑致病，而医生不知道有伏阴，误投寒凉药剂，以致吐泻腹痛，或者外热内寒，烦躁多渴，状若伤寒，只要察其脉微神困，便是阴盛格阳之证，速宜用温药来救治内部寒邪。（出自《景岳全书》）
夏季既伤暑热，又伤生冷，出现外热内寒者，应当专以内寒为主，有积滞的清除积滞，无积滞的补益元气，只要温中理脾，脾气恢复而暑热无不消退。（同上）
卒倒证治
夏季炎热，人冒涉路途，热毒入内，与五脏相并，客邪炽盛，或者郁瘀不宣，导致阴气突然断绝，阳气暴壅，经络不通，所以突然闷绝，称为暑厥。然而这是外邪所击，真脏未坏，如果遇到及时治疗，气机宣通则苏醒。热证不可得冷，得冷便死。这是因为外卒被冷触，其热蕴积于内，不得宣发所致。（出自《病源论》）
治热厥方
可以饮热汤，也可以内服少量干姜、橘皮、甘草煮饮，慢慢咽下，不要一次性吃饱，最好用热土及熬过的灰土覆盖在脐上佳。（出自《千金方》）
又方
浓煮蓼草，取汁三升，饮之即愈，不愈再灌。
又方
撬开死者口腔使其通畅，用暖汤慢慢灌入口中，稍微抬起死人的头，令汤入腹，片刻即苏。
又方
让人对着患者心脏部位呵气使其温暖，换人来操作。（同上）
治中暍死，心下犹暖，起死方。
让患者仰面卧，取温水不停手浇淋脐中，其次用童子小便合生地黄汁灌之自活。禁止给冷水，只给温熟水饮用。（出自《中藏经》）
治暑厥，逡巡闷绝不救者。
道上热土、大蒜
以上略等多少，烂研，冷水调和，去渣饮之，即瘥。此方在徐州沛县城门上，板书揭之，不知何人所施也。（出自《苏沈良方》）
中热不省方。
大蒜（不拘多少去皮捣烂）
一味药，用新水调匀灌之。（出自《圣济总录》）
中暑闷倒，急扶在阴凉处，切不可给冷，当以布巾衣物等，蘸热汤熨脐中及气海穴，续以汤淋布上，令彻脐腹暖，即渐醒。如仓卒无汤处，掬道上热土于脐上，仍拨开作窝子，令人更溺于其中以代汤。续与解暑毒药，如白虎汤、竹叶石膏汤。凡觉中暑，急嚼生姜一大块，冷水送下。如已迷闷，嚼大蒜一大瓣，冷水送下。如不能嚼，即用水研灌之，立醒。（出自《易简方》此下曰：仍以蒜少许置鼻中，气透即苏。）路中仓卒无水渴甚，急嚼生葱二寸许，津同咽，可抵饮水二升。（出自《三因方》）
曾有客人中暑迷闷，四肢厥逆，冷汗如雨，裸形欲投水中，口吻涎沫流溢，这是中暑已深，阴阳离绝难除。（出自《要诀》）苏醒后医者过投冷剂，致吐利不止，外热内寒，烦躁多渴，甚欲裸形，状如伤寒阴盛隔阳，当用温药，香薷饮加附子浸冷服。渴者缩脾饮加附子，亦浸冷服。（同上）
暑风
近来江浙之间中暑，多有搐搦不省人事者，屡见之矣，医经之所不载。诊其脉浮而虚，盖浮则为风，虚则为暑，此中暑而又伤风，故有是证，俗命名谓之暑风。若作惊痫治之，多致不救。仓卒之际，宜以温熟水，化苏合香丸灌之，俟其稍苏，却以黄连香薷散加羌活煎服，作效者多矣。（出自《济生方》）
疑似证
夏月出汗太过，则津液伤，筋骨失养，或痛或渴，不可便作暑治。即卒倒不省，亦有气郁生痰而厥者，有劳役色欲并伤而厥者，有食滞太阴清浊痞膈而厥者，岂可尽作暑症。如果冲斥道途，劳役而中，身热脉虚，方可以暑风、暑厥治之。（出自《六要》）（据《汇补》订正录）
Moxibustion on one point of Qihai (CV6, Sea of Qi). (From *Xu Yijian Fang Mai Lun*)
Xiangru Siling San (Elsholtzia and Four-Ingredient Powder), treats summerheat-induced diarrhea.
Herbs: Xiangru (Elsholtziae Herba, 3 qian), Chao Baibiandou (Stir-fried Dolichos Lablab Seed, 3 qian), Jiangchao Houpo (Ginger-stir-fried Magnolia Bark, 2 qian), Tuchao Baizhu (Earth-stir-fried Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 1 qian), Bai Fuling (Poria, 1 qian), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 1 qian), Huashi (Talcum, 1 qian).
If accompanied by internal heat, add Jiangchao Huanglian (Ginger-stir-fried Coptis Rhizome, 1 qian). (From *Jiyan Liangfang*)
*Yangsheng Siyao* records Zhuling Tang (Polyporus Decoction), used to treat illness contracted from running and labor under the scorching sun in summer. Modify this formula by removing Mutong and Huashi, and adding Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Zhuling (Polyporus), and Zexie (Alisma Rhizome). (This formula should be cross-referenced with the "Diarrhea Section".)
Yiyuan San (also known as Tiansan San or Taibai San), resolves summerheat.
Herbs: Huashi (Talcum, 6 liang, select white and fine quality), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 liang).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose, mixed with a little honey and warm water. If honey is unavailable, it may be omitted. Take three times a day without specific timing. For those desiring cold drinks, mixing with fresh well water is also acceptable. (From *Zhige*) *Yuanrong* names this Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder). *Qixiao* records Chen Sha Yiyuan San (Cinnabar Yiyuan Powder), treating latent summerheat causing irritability, thirst with excessive drinking, difficult urination, and mental confusion. Add Chen Sha (Cinnabar, 3 qian) to the base formula.
Guiling Ganlu San (also known as Guiling Baizhu San), treats exposure to summerheat, severe internal damp-heat, vomiting and diarrhea with irritability and thirst, or red and scanty/difficult urination. (From *Jielu*)
Herbs: Gui (Cinnamon Twig, half liang), Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, each half liang), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Hanshuishi (Arctite), each 1 liang; Huashi (Talcum, 2 liang, prepared as previously described).
Grind into an extremely fine powder. Mix 3 qian with hot boiled water. For those desiring cold drinks, mix with fresh water, or ginger decoction for better effect. Children take 1 qian. (From *Zhige*) *Xuanming Lun* includes Zhuling (Polyporus) in this formula. (Note: This formula is a combination of Wuling San, Ganlu San, and Yiyuan San. Ganlu San originally comes from *Xiao'er Zhijue*, using Shigao, Hanshuishi, and Gancao to treat heat injury causing vomiting, diarrhea, yellow complexion, and emaciation. *Quanying Fanglun* uses it to treat infant summerheat coma, incessant thirst, restlessness, body heat, headache, or latent heat causing vomiting and diarrhea.)
Nourishing Methods (for Long Summer damp-heat, "Summer Malaise")
Question: The pulse is wiry, thin, hollow, and slow. What medicine should be used? Answer: Haicang Huangqi Tang (Sea Storehouse Astragalus Decoction) governs.
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Root), Huangqi (Astragalus Membranaceus Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Fuling (Poria), Shaoyao (Peony Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), each in equal parts.
Chop the herbs. Take 3 qian per dose with one large cup of water and three slices of fresh ginger. Decoct until reduced to sixty percent volume, strain, and take warm. (From *Yuanrong*)
During the Long Summer, damp-heat prevails overwhelmingly, steaming and blazing intensely. People contracting this pathogen often experience heavy and fatigued limbs, shortness of spirit, reluctance to move, chest fullness and shortness of breath, heaviness and pain in the joints, or rapid breathing and panting, body heat with irritability, epigastric distension and stuffiness, yellow and scanty urine, loose and frequent stools, or dysentery discharging yellow mushy matter or rice-water colored fluid, thirst or no thirst, loss of appetite, spontaneous sweating with heaviness, or scanty sweating. In cases of scanty sweating, blood is affected first while qi remains unaffected. The pulse reveals a surging and moderate quality; if dampness combats with heat, a slow quality must be added. Although the disease presentation may vary slightly, the heavenly heat and damp command remain the same. It is appropriate to treat with clearing and drying agents, named Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang (Clear Summerheat and Boost Qi Decoction).
Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang.
Herbs: Huangqi (Astragalus Membranaceus Root, reduce by 5 fen if sweating is scanty), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome, soaked in rice water and peeled, above each 1.5 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 1 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Root, remove rhizome), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Jupi (Citrus Reticulata Peel), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, above each 5 fen), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark, wine-soaked), Danggui Shen (Angelica Sinensis Root Body), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber, remove heart), Qingpi (Green Citrus Peel, remove white pith), Gegen (Pueraria Lobata Root, above each 3 fen), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry, 9 berries).
Chop the herbs as one dose. Use two cups of water, decoct to one cup, strain, and take slightly warm at a time distant from meals. (From *Neiwai Shang Bian*) *Mingyi Zazhuo* states: In summer, summerheat injury causes fever and profuse sweating, weakness, and a deficient, thin, slow pulse. This is summerheat damaging primordial qi. Remove Cangzhu, Shengma, Shenqu, Zexie, Danggui, Qingpi, Gegen, and Wuweizi from this base formula. Add Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Shaoyao (Peony Root), Fuling (Poria), Xiangru (Elsholtzia Herba), and Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome). (Another formula exists but is omitted here.)
Modern formulation of Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang.
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), Chenpi (Citrus Reticulata Peel), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Chao Huangbai (Stir-fried Phellodendron Bark), Mi Zhi Huangqi (Honey-fried Astragalus Membranaceus Root), Danggui Shen (Angelica Sinensis Root Body). Adjust according to the patient. Decoct with fresh ginger and jujube. (From *Liu Yao*)
Renshen Yi Qi Tang (Ginseng Boost Qi Decoction) treats numbness in both hands' fingers and fatigue/heaviness in the four limbs due to heat damaging primordial qi.
Herbs: Huangqi (Astragalus Membranaceus Root, 8 qian), Sheng Gancao (Raw Licorice Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root, each 5 qian), Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian), Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, 2.5 qian), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, each 2 qian), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry, 140 berries).
Chop the herbs. Divide into four doses. Each dose uses two cups of water, decocted to one cup. Strain and take slightly warm, distant from meals. (From *Lanshi*) (Note: *Baojian* treats yang collapse from excessive sweating due to dampness using Renshen Yi Qi Tang, which is Buzhong Yiqi Tang plus Huangbai and Baishao. The name is the same, but the formula differs.)
"Zhu Xia" (Summer Malaise) belongs to yin deficiency and insufficient primordial qi, manifesting as headache and weak legs, poor appetite, and body heat in early summer and late spring. Use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Boost Qi Decoction), remove Chaihu and Shengma, add Chao Bai (Stir-fried Phellodendron Bark) and Baishao (White Peony Root). Alternatively, use Shengmai San (Generate Pulse Powder). (From *Danxi*)
The Sages established laws: in summer, tonification should replenish innate primordial qi, not tonify fire-heat. Eating cold foods in summer exemplifies this. Thus, use the sweet nature of Renshen (Ginseng Root) to tonify qi, the bitter-cold nature of Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) to clear heat and nourish the source of water, and the sour nature of Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry) to clear and purify dry metal. Named Shengmai San (Generate Pulse Powder). Sun Simiao said: "Take Wuweizi regularly in the fifth lunar month to tonify the qi of the five zang organs." This implies the same intent. (From *Neiwai Shang Bian*)
(*Gezhi Yulun* states that Sun Simiao created Shengmai San for summer use. Note: Sun's writings do not contain the Shengmai San formula; likely Zhu Danxi erroneously attributed this phrase to Dong Yuan.)
Shengmai San (Generate Pulse Powder).
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Root), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), each in equal parts.
Finely chop and decoct in water. Drink instead of boiled water during summer as needed. Dong Yuan said: "In summer, taking Shengmai San plus Huangqi and Gancao generates abundant energy." (From *Zhengzhuan*)
Shengmai San generates essence and qi, cultivates true yuan, tonifies the heart and moistens the lungs.
Herbs: Renshen (Ginseng Root), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber, each 3 fen), Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry, 15 berries). Add Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 2 liang).
Decoct in water. Take at any time. The dregs can be re-decocted to serve as a general tea substitute. (From *Huichun*) In the fifth and sixth months, for weak constitution, depleted qi, insufficient spirit, irritability, and poor appetite, use Shengmai San. (From *Yuanbing Ji*) *Fangkao* records Shengmai San plus Xiangru, treating patients with inherent yin deficiency who encounter summerheat on the road, suffering from hunger, exhaustion, and sudden collapse/coma.
In cases of severe vomiting due to summerheat exposure leading to stomach deficiency, where all medicines are rejected, food cannot enter, and everything vomited immediately upon ingestion, the condition is critical. Urgently use Renshen (1 qian), Huanglian (0.5 qian), and a pinch of glutinous rice stir-fried with ginger juice until charred. Add one zhong of water, decoct to the amount of a small wine cup. Cool and slowly moisten/swallow with a tea spoon. After a moment, administer another spoonful. If several spoonfuls are retained without vomiting, finishing the small cup allows for subsequent medication and food intake. (From *Yiguan*)
Summerheat causing "xun yi mo chuang" (groping along clothes) and "cuo kong" (grabbing at empty air) is typically a death sign. However, it can be saved if the summerheat affects the heart. Clearing the heat in the heart restores vitality to the five zang organs. Use Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction, 3 liang) plus Huanglian (3 qian) for administration. If symptoms like groping and grabbing cease abruptly, survival is indicated. Ginseng rescues the collapse of heart qi, while Huanglian disperses fire in the heart. Once fire disperses and qi returns, life is certain. (From *Shishi Mi Lu*)
When primordial qi is empty and summerheat pathogen strikes directly, sudden fainting occurs, sweating profusely like rain, pulse vanishes with thirst. Although the body has high heat, clearing summerheat agents must not be used. Urgently use a large dose of Shenmai Tang (Ginseng and Ophiopogon Decoction) to make extraordinary efforts to rescue. (From *Yiyue*)
Warming the Middle Method
Dashun San (Great Harmony Powder) treats exposure to summerheat and latent heat, excessive drinking, spleen/stomach dampness, failure to separate clear and turbid fluids, conflict between clear and turbid, reversal of yin and yang qi, cholera-like vomiting, and organ dysfunction.
Herbs: Gancao (Licorice Root, 30 jin, cut into inch-length pieces), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Xingren (Apricot Seed, peeled and tip removed), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark, bark removed, each 4 jin).
First, stir-fry Gancao with white sand until eight-tenths yellow and cooked. Then add Ganjiang and stir-fry until ginger cracks. Next, add Xingren and stir-fry until Xingren no longer makes noise. Sieve to filter cleanly, then mix with Rougui and grind into a powder. Take 2 qian per dose with one medium cup of water, decoct to seventy percent volume, strain, and take warm. If irritable, mix with well water. Take at any time; boiling water infusion is also acceptable. (From *Heji Ju Fang*) This formula does not treat summerheat itself, but rather spleen/stomach injury caused by drinking cold beverages during summer. (From *Yifang Kao*)
Lengxiang Yinzi (Cold Fragrance Beverage) treats elderly or deficient individuals with latent summerheat, irritability, excessive thirst, nausea, fatigue, and inability to tolerate cooling medicines.
Herbs: Caoguoren (Tsaoko Cardamom Fruit Kernel, 3 liang), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateralis Radix, processed, peel and navel removed), Juhong (Citrus Reticulata Red Pericarp, each 1 liang), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root, 0.5 liang).
Chop the herbs. Take 1 liang per dose with two bowls of water and ten slices of fresh ginger. Decoct to half a bowl, strain, cool completely, and drink slowly at any time. (From *Jisheng*)
In summer, illness caused by summerheat may be misdiagnosed by physicians unaware of latent yin-cold. Misadministration of cold agents leads to vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or external heat with internal cold, irritability, and excessive thirst, resembling shaoyin syndrome. Observing a faint pulse and spiritual fatigue indicates yin excess repelling yang. Quickly use warming medicines to rescue the interior. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
When summerheat heat is injured, followed by cold/raw food injury, resulting in external heat and internal cold, focus primarily on internal cold. If there is stagnation, clear it; if none, tonify qi. By warming the middle and regulating the spleen, once spleen qi recovers, summerheat will naturally subside. (Ibid.)
Treatment of Sudden Collapse
In summer heat, traveling exposes people to heat toxins entering the interior, combining with the five zang organs. Pathogenic evil becomes fierce, or depression/stasis fails to disperse, causing sudden cessation of yin qi and violent congestion of yang qi, blocking meridians. This results in sudden fainting, called "Shu Jue" (Summerheat Collapse). However, this is caused by external evil striking, with the true zang organs intact. Timely treatment allowing qi to circulate leads to recovery. Heat conditions must not receive cold; receiving cold causes death. This is because external cold contact traps heat accumulating internally, preventing its release. (From *Bingyuan Lun*)
Treatment for Heat Collapse
One may drink hot water, or decoct small amounts of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Jupi (Citrus Peel), and Gancao (Licorice Root) to drink. Swallow gradually, do not fill the stomach. Covering the umbilicus with hot earth or burnt ash is excellent. (From *Qianjin Fang*)
Another Formula
Concentrated decoction of Polygonum orientale (Japanese Knotweed), take three sheng of juice. Drink to cure. If not cured, administer again.
Another Formula
Open the deceased's mouth, slowly pour warm water into the mouth. Slightly lift the head of the deceased to let water enter the abdomen. Revive shortly after.
Another Formula
Have someone blow warm air onto the heart area. Replace persons as needed. (All above from *Qianjin*)
Resuscitation Formula for Summerheat Death (when the epigastrium is still warm)
Have the patient lie supine. Continuously pour warm water over the umbilicus. Then administer a mixture of child's urine and fresh Shengdihuang Juice (Rehmannia Root Juice) to restore life. Prohibit cold water; only provide warm, boiled water. (From *Zhongzang Jing*)
Treatment for Summerheat Collapse (fainting and collapse unresponsive to rescue)
Hot earth from the road, Garlic.
Mix in roughly equal amounts, mash thoroughly, mix with cold water, strain, and drink. Cure follows. This formula was posted on the city gate of Pei County, Xuzhou, author unknown. (From *Su Shen Liang Fang*)
Formula for Summerheat Unconsciousness
Garlic (any amount, peeled and mashed).
One herb, mix evenly with fresh water and administer. (From *Shengji Zonglu*)
For sudden collapse from summerheat, urgently move to a cool/shady place. Do NOT give cold. Use cloth or clothing dipped in hot water to compress the umbilicus and Qihai (CV6). Continue pouring hot water over the cloth to ensure the entire abdomen is warm. Gradual awakening follows. If hot water is unavailable in an emergency, scoop hot road earth onto the umbilicus, make a depression, and have someone urinate into it to replace hot water. Subsequently administer summerheat-resolving toxic drugs, such as Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) or Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction). Upon feeling summerheat onset, urgently chew a large piece of fresh ginger, swallow with cold water. If already unconscious, chew a large clove of garlic, swallow with cold water. If unable to chew, grind with water and administer; immediate awakening occurs. (From *Yijian Fang*: Below this, it says: Also place a small amount of garlic in the nose; once qi penetrates, revival occurs.) On the road, if thirsty and water is scarce, urgently chew about two cun of raw green onion, swallow with saliva; this equals drinking two sheng of water. (From *Sanyin Fang*)
A case occurred where a guest suffered summerheat unconsciousness, cold extremities, cold sweat like rain, nakedness desiring to throw himself into water, salivary foam flowing from the mouth. This indicates deep summerheat with separation of yin and yang, difficult to resolve. (From *Yaojue*) After revival, if physicians over-administer cold agents, causing continuous vomiting/diarrhea, external heat/internal cold, irritability, excessive thirst, desire to undress, resembling shaoyin syndrome with yin excess repelling yang, use warming medicines. Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Beverage) plus Fuzi, taken cold after soaking. For thirst, Suopi Yin (Spleen-Constricting Beverage) plus Fuzi, also taken cold after soaking. (Ibid.)
Summerwind (Shu Feng)
Recently in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, summerheat cases often present with convulsions and unconsciousness. This is frequently seen but not recorded in medical classics. Palpating the pulse reveals floating and deficient qualities. Floating indicates wind; deficient indicates summerheat. This is summerheat combined with wind invasion, hence these symptoms, colloquially named "Summerwind." Treating as epilepsy/seizure often leads to death. In emergencies, dissolve Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill) in warm boiled water and administer. Wait for slight recovery, then decoct Huanglian Xiangru San (Coptis and Elsholtzia Powder) plus Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) and administer. Many effective cases reported. (From *Jisheng*)
Suspected Syndromes
Excessive sweating in summer damages body fluids, leading to malnourishment of sinews and bones, causing pain or thirst. Do not immediately treat as summerheat. Even sudden collapse/unconsciousness may be due to qi stagnation generating phlegm causing jue (collapse), labor/sexual excess causing jue, or food stagnation in Taiyin causing clear/turbid obstruction leading to jue. How can all be treated as summerheat? Only if exposed to heat on roads, labor-induced, with body heat and deficient pulse, can it be treated as Summerwind or Summer Collapse. (From *Liu Yao*) (Corrected and recorded from *Huibu*)