虽当气口滑盛;若屡伤不已,每致涩数模糊,乃脾不消运之兆也。此证设非下夺,而与参、附助其壮热,顷刻立
毙,可不详慎而妄为施治乎。(《医通》)
食伤各治诸方(此类方药,详列在先教谕撰《救急选方》中,兹仅摘数款,余不具载。)崔禹锡食经宿
食鱼中毒方。
犀角二两细切,以水四升,煮取二升,极冷顿服。(《医心》)
厨家索粉与掉粉,不得近杏仁,近之则烂。顷有一兵官食粉多成积,师以积气丸、杏仁相伴细研为丸,熟水
下五丸,数服愈。有伤 子成积,用曲末加少木香为散,盐汤调,数日口中闻酒香,其积遂散。(《医说》引《医
余》)
治食面毒,不消化膨胀。
川乌梅肉,捣烂为丸,如桐子大,每服三四十丸,用白汤送下,加减服之。(《澹轩方》)
鱼蟹积,香苏散,多加生姜、陈皮煎。果菜积,平胃散,加丁香、麝香为末,热盐汤调服。粉片、索粉积,
紫苏浓煎汁,加杏泥服,即散。面积,阿魏丸(方见《积聚》中),浓煎萝卜子汤下。(《得效》)(宜与药各有
对条参。)伤诸肉食,用草果、山楂。挟外感风寒,山楂须用姜汁炒黑,则不酸寒收敛,兼能破血和伤,消导食积更
速。伤面食,炒莱菔子。伤面筋、 子等物,诸药不能消化,俱用本物拌绿矾烧灰,砂糖酒下,二、三服效。伤
糯米粉食,炒酒药或酒
曲,砂糖调淡姜汤服。伤索粉,用杏仁炒黑,研如脂,砂糖拌姜汤服。伤生冷菜果,宜木香、砂仁、炮姜、肉桂。
伤蟹腹痛者,丁香、紫苏、生姜(按∶《要诀》曰∶食蟹太过致伤,一味丁香,足以治之)。伤蛋满闷,姜汁、蒜
泥。伤肉、生鱼 ,必用生姜、草果、炮黑山楂。(《医通》)
虽然气口脉象滑盛,但如果饮食损伤反复发生,脉象往往变得涩、数且模糊不清,这是脾脏不能运化消化的征兆。此证如果不用攻下法祛除积滞,反而用人参、附子来助长其壮热,病人顷刻间就会死亡,怎么能不详细审慎而妄自施治呢?(《医通》)
治疗食伤的各种方剂(此类方药,详细列在先教谕撰写的《救急选方》中,这里仅摘录几款,其余不全部记载。)崔禹锡《食经》中关于宿食和鱼中毒的方子。
犀角二两,细切,用水四升,煮取二升药液,极冷时一次性服下。(《医心》)
厨家中制作的索粉与掉粉,不能靠近杏仁,靠近了就会腐烂。先前有一位武官吃粉过多导致积滞,医生用积气丸配合杏仁一起细细研磨制成丸药,用温水送服五丸,服用几次后痊愈。有人因食用“子”类食物导致积滞,用神曲末加入少量木香制成散剂,用盐汤调服,几天后口中闻到酒香味,积滞随即消散。(《医说》引用《医余》)
治疗食用面食中毒,消化不良导致腹部膨胀。
川乌梅肉,捣烂制成丸药,如梧桐子大小,每次服用三四十丸,用白开水送下,根据情况加减服用。(《澹轩方》)
鱼蟹积滞,用香苏散,多加生姜、陈皮煎煮。果菜积滞,用平胃散,加入丁香、麝香研为细末,用热盐汤调服。粉片、索粉积滞,用紫苏浓煎汁,加入杏泥服用,积滞即散。面积滞,用阿魏丸(方剂见《积聚》篇),用浓煎的萝卜子汤送下。(《得效》)(宜与各药对应的条目参考。)
损伤各种肉食,用草果、山楂。兼夹外感风寒,山楂必须用姜汁炒黑,这样就不酸寒收敛,兼能破血和伤,消导食积更快。损伤面食,用炒莱菔子。损伤面筋、[缺失字]等物,诸药不能消化,都用本物拌绿矾烧成灰,用砂糖酒送服,二三次见效。损伤糯米粉食,用炒酒药或酒曲,用砂糖调淡姜汤服用。损伤索粉,用杏仁炒黑,研磨如脂状,用砂糖拌姜汤服用。损伤生冷菜果,宜用木香、砂仁、炮姜、肉桂。损伤螃蟹导致腹痛者,用丁香、紫苏、生姜(按:《要诀》说:吃蟹太多导致损伤,单用一味丁香,足以治愈)。损伤蛋类导致胸满闷,用姜汁、蒜泥。损伤肉类、生鱼,必须用生姜、草果、炒黑山楂。(《医通》)
Although the Qi Kou pulse (pulse at the wrist, indicating stomach qi) is slippery and full, if food injury occurs repeatedly, the pulse often becomes choppy, rapid, and indistinct. This is a sign that the Spleen fails to transform and transport. If this syndrome is not treated with purgation to eliminate the accumulation, but instead Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) are used to exacerbate the intense heat, death will occur instantly. How can one treat recklessly without careful deliberation? (*YiTong*)
Various formulas for treating food injury (These formulas are detailed in *Jiuji Xuanfang* compiled by former Instructor [Xian Jiaoyu], here only a few are excerpted, others are not listed.) Cui Yuxi's *Shijing* (Classic of Food) formula for overnight food retention and fish poisoning.
Rhino Horn (Xijiao), two liang, finely sliced; decoct in four sheng of water until two sheng remain. Take in one dose when extremely cold. (*Yixin*)
In kitchens, suo fen (a type of noodle) and diao fen must not be kept near Apricot Kernels (Xingren); contact causes them to rot. Previously, a military officer developed an accumulation from excessive consumption of fen. The physician administered Jiqi Wan (Accumulation-Resolving Pill) combined with finely ground Xingren, taken as five pills with warm water. After several doses, he recovered. Another case involved an accumulation caused by consuming "zi" (likely referring to a specific food item or seed). Qu Mo (Medicated Leaven) powder was mixed with a small amount of Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang) to make a powder, taken with salt water. Within a few days, the patient smelled alcohol on their breath, and the accumulation dispersed. (*Yishuo*, citing *Yiyu*)
Treating toxicity from eating wheat flour products, leading to indigestion and abdominal distension.
Chuanwu Meirou (Meat of Chuanwu Plum), mashed into pills the size of Toona seeds. Take 30–40 pills per dose with plain boiled water. Adjust dosage as needed. (*Danxuan Fang*)
For fish and crab accumulation: Xiangsu San (Perilla Powder), decocted with extra Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel).
For fruit and vegetable accumulation: Pingwei San (Calm the Stomach Powder), mixed with Dingxiang (Clove) and Shexiang (Musk) into powder, taken with hot salt water.
For rice cake/noodle accumulation: Decoct Perillae Herba (Zisu) strongly, add Apricot Kernel paste (Xingni), take orally; the accumulation disperses immediately.
For wheat flour accumulation: Awei Wan (Asafoetida Pill) (see *JiJu* chapter), taken with strongly decocted Raphani Semen (Luobozi) soup. (*Dexiao*) (Refer to corresponding entries for each medicine.)
For meat injury: Caoguo (Black Cardamom), Shanzha (Hawthorn Fruit).
If complicated by external wind-cold: Shanzha must be stir-fried with Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice) until blackened. This prevents its sour/astringent and cold nature, allowing it to break blood stasis, harmonize injuries, and resolve food accumulation more rapidly.
For wheat flour injury: Stir-fried Laifuzi (Radish Seed).
For gluten or [missing character] injury, where other medicines fail to digest: Use the original substance mixed with Lvfan (Green Vitriol), calcined to ash, taken with rock sugar and wine. Two or three doses are effective.
For glutinous rice flour injury: Stir-fried Jiuyao (Wine Yeast) or Jiuqu (Wine Qu), taken with rock sugar and light ginger soup.
For suo fen injury: Stir-fry Xingren until black, grind into a paste-like consistency, mix with rock sugar and ginger soup, take orally.
For raw/cold vegetables and fruits: Muxiang (Costus Root), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Paoshengjiang (Prepared Ginger), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark).
For crab-induced abdominal pain: Dingxiang (Clove), Zisu (Perilla Leaf), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger). (Note: *Yaojue* states that excessive crab consumption causing injury can be cured solely with Dingxiang.)
For egg-induced chest fullness/stuffiness: Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice), Sanni (Garlic Paste).
For meat or raw fish injury: Must use Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), Caoguo (Black Cardamom), and stir-fried black Shanzha (Hawthorn Fruit). (*YiTong*)