上十二味 咀。以水一斗。煮取三升。分三服。（《千金》）又温胃汤，主胃气不平，时胀咳，不能食，于
本方去半夏、大枣、桂心、生姜、茯苓、枳实，加橘皮、芍药、干姜。（《衍义》曰∶此治虚寒从下上之胀满，
与寒积在胁下偏痛，用大黄附子汤之法，截然两途）《直指》温胃汤，治冷则气聚，胀满不下食，干大半夏汤
去桂心、茯苓、枳实，加橘皮。
治脾胃不和，中寒虚胀，人参汤方。
人参 白茯苓（去黑皮） 肉豆蔻（去壳） 槟榔（锉） 木香（各一分） 白术 诃黎勒皮（半生半炮）
陈橘皮（汤浸去白各半两） 蓬莪术（煨锉） 京三棱（煨锉各一两）
上一十味粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，生姜三片，木瓜一片，同煎至八分，去滓热服。（《圣济》）
冶虚冷 胀，及呕逆醋心，翻胃不能食，面色萎黄，人参汤方。
人参 白茯苓（去黑皮） 白术（各一两） 浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙二两） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙）
桂（去粗皮各一两） 半夏（汤洗七遍，去滑焙二两半） 甘草（炙锉三分）
上八味粗捣筛，每服四钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜五片，煎至七分去滓，空心温服，日再。（同上）《统旨》
参术健脾汤，于本方去桂，加砂仁。又化滞调中汤，于健脾汤去甘草，加神曲、山楂、麦芽。
强中汤，治脾胃不和，食啖生冷，过饮寒浆，多致腹胀，心下痞满，有妨饮食，甚则腹痛。
干姜（炮去土） 白术（各一两） 青皮（去白） 橘红 人参 附
子（炮去皮脐） 浓朴（姜制炒） 甘草（炙各半两） 草果仁 丁香（各三两）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，大枣二枚，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时候。呕者，加半夏半两。
或食面致胀满，加萝卜子半两。（《济生》）
朴附汤，治老人虚人中寒下虚，心腹膨胀，不喜饮食，脉来浮迟而弱，此名寒胀。
附子（炮去皮） 浓朴（姜制炒）
上二味等分 咀，每服四钱，水二盏，姜七片，枣子二枚，煎至八分，去滓温服，不拘时候，加少木香尤佳。
（同上）
香参散，秘传治脾虚胀满。
人参（一两） 茯苓 橘红（各五钱） 沉香（二钱五分） 熟附（一钱二分）
新瓦上焙为细末，每四钱煎服。（《大还》）
附子绿豆汤，治寒客皮肤，壳壳然而坚，腹大身肿，按之陷而不起，色不变，病名肤胀。一剂未知，再作。
大附子（重七钱者一个生去皮脐半破） 绿豆（二两）
上以生姜一两切，水二碗，煎至一碗，绞去滓，分三服，空腹温服。次日将前附子破作四片，再用绿豆二两，
姜一两，如前煎服。第三日复将附子作八片，如前煎。（《三因》）《朱氏》制绿豆，治十种水气，脾肾气浮肿。
大附子一只，去皮脐切作两片，用绿豆二合半，水三碗半，入瓷器内煮，候干熟，取出，乘热空心只吃绿豆。
消鼓至神汤。鼓胀经年而不死者，必非水鼓。水鼓之证，不能越于两年，未有皮毛不流水而死者。今二三年
不死，非水鼓，乃气鼓血鼓食鼓虫鼓也，但得小便利而胃口开者，俱可治。方用茯苓五两，人参一两，雷丸三钱，
甘草二钱，萝卜子一两，白术五钱，大黄一两，附子一钱，水十
碗，煎汤二碗。早服一碗，必然腹内雷鸣，少顷必下恶物满桶，急拿出倾去，再换桶。即以第二碗继之，又大
泻大下，至黄昏而止，淡淡米饮汤饮之。不再泻，然人弱极矣，回春健脾丹，方用人参一钱，茯苓五钱，薏仁
一两，山药四钱，陈皮五分，白芥子一钱，水煎服，一剂即愈。忌食盐者，一月犯则无生机矣，先须断明，然
后用药治之。（《石室》）
利气诸方 （兼渗利方附）（宜与磨积诸方互参）《广济》疗心腹胀满，柴胡浓朴汤方。
柴胡 浓朴（炙各十分） 茯苓 橘皮 紫苏（各八分） 生姜（十二分） 槟榔（五分末）
上七味切，以水七升，煮取二升五合，绞去滓，分温三服。服后相去如人行六七里，进一服，微利。（《外
台》）
治心腹气壅滞，卒胀满不能饮食，草豆蔻散方。
草豆蔻（一两） 丁香（三分） 缩砂（三分） 桃仁（三分） 青橘皮（三分） 白术（三分） 萝卜子（一分）
桂心（三分） 木瓜（三分） 木香（三分） 枳壳（三分） 槟榔（三分）
上件药捣筛为散，每服三钱，以水一中盏，入生姜半分，煎至六分，去滓不计时候温服。（《圣惠》）
平肝饮子，治喜怒不节，肝气不平，邪乘脾胃，心腹胀满，连两胁妨闷，头晕呕逆，脉来浮弦。
防风（去芦） 桂枝（不见火） 枳壳（去穣麸炒） 赤芍药 桔梗（去芦锉炒各一两） 木香（不见火）
人参 槟榔 当归（去芦酒浸） 川芎 橘红 甘草（炙各半两）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，姜五片，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时候。（《济生》）
大正气散，治脾胃怯弱，风寒湿气，伤动冲和，心腹胀满，有妨饮食。
浓朴（姜制炒） 藿香叶 半夏（汤泡七次） 橘红 白术（各一两） 甘草（炙） 槟榔 桂枝（不见火）
枳壳（去穣麸炒） 干姜（炮各半两）
上 咀，每服四钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，枣子二枚，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时候。（同上）
益智散，治脾胃虚滞，心腹胀满，四肢烦疼，少思饮食。
益智 陈皮（各二两二分） 沉香 赤茯苓 白术 槟榔 紫苏子（各一两三分三铢） 甘草（二分二铢）
枳壳 木香（各一两一分）
上 咀，每服四五钱，水一盏半，煎至八分服，食前，日夜三四服。（《万安方》引《可用方》）（按∶《济
生》紫苏子汤，与此方相类。）
撞关饮子，治关格不通，气不升降，胀满。
丁香（不见火） 沉香（不见火） 砂仁（去壳） 白豆蔻（去壳） 三棱（去毛炮） 香附（去毛）
乌药（以上各一钱半） 甘草（炙半钱）
上作一服，水二盏，煎至七分，食远温服。（《奇效》）
七气消聚散
香附米（一钱半） 青皮 蓬术 三棱（俱醋炒） 枳壳（麸炒） 木香 砂仁（各一钱） 浓朴（姜制）
陈皮（各一钱二分） 甘草（炙四分）
水二钟，姜三片，煎八分，食前服。（《统旨》）（按∶此方系于《奇效》十全丸中，去丁香、槟榔，加浓
朴、甘草者，盖其药料，不如煎用为佳，故特取此方也。）
宽中八宝散，胀满痞塞，七情忧思所致，此方如神。
木香 归尾 萝卜子 真苏子 槟榔 砂仁（各一钱半） 沉香 牙皂（各一钱）
共为末，每服一钱或二钱，黄酒调下。（《赤水》）
金陵酒丸，王进士传，治鼓胀。
真沉香（一两） 牙皂（一两） 广木香（二两半） 槟榔（一两）
上为末，用南京烧酒浸十次，晒干，用京酒为丸，每服三钱，重者四钱，五更烧酒送下。水鼓，水自小便
而出。气鼓，放屁。水鼓，加苦葶苈五钱炒，酒送下再服。（《医鉴》）
项彦章治一女，腹痛胀如鼓，四体骨立，众医或以为娠、为蛊、为瘵也，诊其脉，告曰∶此气薄血室。其父
曰∶服芎归辈积岁月，非血药乎？曰∶失于顺气也。夫气，道也；血，水也。气一息不运，则血一息不行。经曰∶
气血同出而异名。故治血必先顺气，俾经隧得通，而后血可行。乃以苏合香丸投之，三日而腰作痛。曰∶血欲行
矣。急以芒消、大黄峻逐之，下污血累累如瓜者可数十枚而愈。其六脉弦滑而且数，弦为气结，滑为血聚，实邪也，
故气行而大下之。又一女，病名同而诊异。项曰∶此不治，法当数月死。向者钟女脉滑为实邪，今脉虚，元气夺
矣。又一女子病亦同，而六脉独弦。项曰∶真藏脉见，法当逾月死。后皆如之。（《类案》）（按∶此本出《医
史》。）
分消汤，治中满成鼓胀，兼治脾虚发肿满饱闷。
苍术（米泔浸炒） 白术（去芦） 陈皮 浓朴（姜汁制） 枳实（炒各一钱） 砂仁（七分） 木香（三分）
香附 猪苓 泽泻 大腹皮（各八分） 茯苓（一钱）
上锉一剂，生姜一片，灯草一团，水煎服。气急，加沉香。肿胀，加萝卜子。胁痛面黑是气鼓，去白术，加
青皮。（《回春》）《医意商》戊己分消汤，于本方加卜子炒为末、槟榔。
逐水诸方 气满心腹，故旦食暮不能也，是名鼓胀。可取鸡粪作丸，熬令烟盛，以清酒一斗半沃之，承
取汁名曰鸡
醴，饮取汗，一剂不愈，至于二剂，非直独疗鼓胀，肤胀亦愈。（《太素》注）（按∶王启玄曰∶按古《本草》
鸡矢并不治鼓胀，惟大利小便，微寒，今方制法，当取用处，汤渍服之。愚谓既名以醴，则用酒盖优。《千金》
鸡粪酒，陈良甫名以鸡屎醴，足以互证。但鸡矢泻下之力颇峻，而用治鼓胀，则王注为是，不宜例以治中风而
为取汗矣。《石室秘 》曰∶鸡屎醴一升，炒黄色为末，以黄酒洒之，不可太骤，缓缓冲之，则药味尽下。此
法暗得杨氏意。今更检诸家，其方不一，有为末酒调下者，如《圣济》是也。有酒渍用者，如《鸡峰方》及《本草
纲目》引何大英是也。有并大黄、桃仁三味为末，生姜煎汤调下者，如《宣明论》是也。有炒焦研细，百沸汤
淋汁，调木香、槟榔末服者，如《正传》是也。有酒煮用者，如《医鉴》、《医方摘要》、《本草纲目》引《积
善堂经验方》牵牛酒及《医通》是也。又《本草纲目》一方及《赤水玄珠》，并川芎二味糊丸服。俱在临处之
际，就原书而择用，特《医鉴》所载最捷，仍拈于下。）鸡醴饮，刘同知传，治一切肚腹四肢肿胀，不拘鼓胀、
气胀、湿胀、水胀等（主治文，从《积善堂方》）。干鸡粪一升，锅内炒黄，以好陈酒三碗淬下，煮作一碗，
细滤去渣，令病患饮之，少顷腹中气大转动作鸣，从大便利下，于脚膝及脐上下，先作皱起，其肿渐消。后如
利未尽，再服一剂。以田螺二枚，用滚酒淖熟食之，即止，续以温粥调理愈。（《医鉴》）
圣妙散，治气鼓，利大小肠，并治胸膈气滞之疾。
甘遂（一分） 白牵牛（一分一半生一半熟） 白槟榔（一个，半个生，半个裹煨）
上为细末，每服一字至半钱，陈粟米汤调下。如服补气药，不得服犯甘草有盐气药。每日只得吃淡粥，
又温热之物。一月后得食盐。（《鸡峰》）
治水蛊。
干丝瓜（去皮剪碎） 巴豆（十四粒） 陈仓米
上用丝瓜干者一捧许，去皮剪碎，与巴豆十四粒同炒，以巴豆黄为度，去巴豆，用丝瓜炒陈仓米如丝瓜之多
少，米黄色，去丝瓜，碾米为末，清水和丸，梧桐子大，每服百丸，数服愈。盖丝瓜如人之脉络然，引巴豆之
气入皮肤故也。（《群书钞方》引鲜于伯机《钩玄》）（按∶《肘后》治水蛊，用巴豆、杏仁二味。）
疏里磨积诸方 枳实汤，治腹胀发热，大便秘实，脉多洪数，此名热胀。（《济生》）（按∶即浓朴七
物汤。）
《广济》疗鼓胀，气急冲心硬痛，鳖甲丸方。
鳖甲（炙） 芍药 枳实（炙） 人参 槟榔（各八分） 诃黎勒 大黄（各六分） 桂心（四分）
橘皮（四分）
上九味捣筛为末，蜜和为丸，空肚以酒服，如梧子大二十丸，渐加至三十丸，日二服，微利为度。（《外
台》）又《必效》青木香丸，疗一切气，腹胀满，心痛气冷，食不消。于本方去鳖甲、人参、橘皮，加青木香。
治水气，心腹鼓胀，木香丸方。
木香（半两） 槟榔（半两） 砂（三分细研） 青橘皮（二分汤浸去白瓤焙） 吴茱萸（半两汤浸七遍焙
干微炒） 巴豆（三十枚去皮心研纸裹压去油）
上件药捣罗为末，以酽醋一大盏，熬 砂、巴豆为膏，入末相和，丸如绿豆大，每服食前，煎青橘皮汤下五丸。
（《圣惠》）
化铁丸，治诸气蛊食蛊，腹肚肿胀，紧急如鼓，妨闷气促，不能坐卧，饮食顿减，手足干瘦，累治不效者，服之即
瘥，兼治翻胃，神验。
五灵脂（去砂石拣净者） 陈橘皮（不去白拣真者） 青橘皮（不去白拣真各一两） 陈糯米（拣净者一合省）
巴豆（去壳并心膜）
上各锉碎，用慢火先炒五灵脂香透，次下青皮，候变色，又下陈皮，亦变赤色，却下糯米、巴豆在内同炒，
唯要糯米色黄赤，取出以纸摊净地上，出火气，拣去巴豆不用，或只留三五粒在内亦得，为细末，用好酸米醋
浸蒸饼为丸，如绿豆大，每服十五丸至二十丸，煎葱汤或茶汤下，妇人醋汤或艾汤下。（《卫生家宝》）
红丸子，治一切饮食不化，气满膨胀。
红丸子（二百粒，用巴豆二十粒，去壳同炒，取巴豆色变为度。）
上用橘皮汤送下，（按∶此句下脱不字）拘时。煎木香汤下，尤佳。（《朱氏》）
三棱煎丸，顺气宽中，消积滞，化痰饮，治中腕气痞，心腹坚胀，胁下紧硬，胸中痞塞，喘满短气，噫气
不通，呕吐痰逆，饮食不下，大便不调，或泄或秘。
京三棱（生细锉半斤捣为末以酒二升银石器内熬为膏） 青橘皮（去白二两） 萝卜子（微炒二两）
以上十二味药，捣碎。用水一斗，煮取三升药液。分三次服用。（出自《千金方》）另外有温胃汤，主治胃气不和，时常腹胀咳嗽，不能进食，在本方基础上去掉半夏、大枣、桂心、生姜、茯苓、枳实，加入橘皮、芍药、干姜。（《衍义》说：此方治疗因虚寒从下往上引起的胀满，与寒积在胁下偏侧疼痛使用大黄附子汤的方法，截然不同。）《直指方》中的温胃汤，治疗受冷则气聚，胀满不下食，在大半夏汤基础上去掉桂心、茯苓、枳实，加入橘皮。
治疗脾胃不和，中焦虚寒导致的虚胀，用人参汤方。
人参 白茯苓（去掉黑皮） 肉豆蔻（去掉壳） 槟榔（锉碎） 木香（各一分） 白术 诃黎勒皮（一半生用一半炮制）
陈橘皮（热水浸泡去掉白色内瓤，各半两） 蓬莪术（煨后锉碎） 京三棱（煨后锉碎，各一两）
以上十味药粗捣筛过，每次服用二钱匕，水一盏，生姜三片，木瓜一片，同煎至八分满，去渣热服。（出自《圣济总录》）
治疗虚冷胀满，以及呕逆反酸，翻胃不能进食，面色萎黄，用人参汤方。
人参 白茯苓（去掉黑皮） 白术（各一两） 浓朴（去掉粗皮，用生姜汁炙，二两） 陈橘皮（热水浸泡去掉白色内瓤焙干）
桂（去掉粗皮，各一两） 半夏（热水洗七遍，去掉滑腻焙干，二两半） 甘草（炙后锉碎，三分）
以上八味药粗捣筛过，每次服用四钱匕，水一盏半，放入生姜五片，煎至七分满，去渣，空腹温服，每日两次。（同上）《统旨》中的参术健脾汤，在本方基础上去掉桂枝，加入砂仁。又有化滞调中汤，在健脾汤基础上去掉甘草，加入神曲、山楂、麦芽。
强中汤，治疗脾胃不和，食用生冷食物，过量饮用寒凉浆液，多导致腹胀，心下痞满，妨碍饮食，严重时腹痛。
干姜（炮制去土） 白术（各一两） 青皮（去掉白色内瓤） 橘红 人参 附
子（炮制去皮脐） 浓朴（姜制炒） 甘草（炙，各半两） 草果仁 丁香（各三两）
以上药捣碎，每次服用四钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，大枣二枚，煎至七分满，去渣温服，不限时候。呕吐的，加半夏半两。
如果是吃面食导致胀满，加萝卜子半两。（出自《济生方》）
朴附汤，治疗老人虚人感受寒邪，下焦虚寒，心腹膨胀，不喜欢饮食，脉象浮迟而弱，这名叫寒胀。
附子（炮制去皮） 浓朴（姜制炒）
以上两味药等分捣碎，每次服用四钱，水二盏，姜七片，枣子二枚，煎至八分满，去渣温服，不限时候，加少量木香更好。（同上）
香参散，秘传治疗脾虚胀满。
人参（一两） 茯苓 橘红（各五钱） 沉香（二钱五分） 熟附子（一钱二分）
在新瓦上焙干研为细末，每次四钱煎服。（出自《大还丹》）
附子绿豆汤，治疗寒气客居皮肤，皮肤坚硬如壳，腹部肿大身体浮肿，按压凹陷不起，肤色不变，病名叫肤胀。一剂无效，再制作。
大附子（重七钱的生附子一个，去皮脐，破开一半） 绿豆（二两）
以上用生姜一两切片，水二碗，煎至一碗，绞去渣，分三次服用，空腹温服。第二天将前面的附子破成四片，再用绿豆二两，姜一两，像前面一样煎服。第三天再将附子分成八片，像前面一样煎。（出自《三因极一病证方论》）《朱氏集验方》制作的绿豆，治疗十种水气，脾肾气浮肿。
大附子一只，去皮脐切作两片，用绿豆二合半，水三碗半，放入瓷器内煮，等到水干熟透，取出，趁热空腹只吃绿豆。
消鼓至神汤。鼓胀多年不死的人，必定不是水鼓。水鼓的病证，不能超过两年，没有皮毛不流水而死掉的。现在两三年不死，不是水鼓，乃是气鼓、血鼓、食鼓、虫鼓，只要能让小便通利且胃口打开的，都可以治疗。方用茯苓五两，人参一两，雷丸三钱，甘草二钱，萝卜子一两，白术五钱，大黄一两，附子一钱，水十碗，煎汤二碗。早上服一碗，必然腹内雷鸣，一会儿必然排出恶物装满桶，急忙拿出倒掉，再换桶。接着以第二碗继之，又大泻大下，到黄昏停止，喝淡淡的米饮汤。不再泻了，但人极度虚弱，用回春健脾丹，方用人参一钱，茯苓五钱，薏仁一两，山药四钱，陈皮五分，白芥子一钱，水煎服，一剂即愈。忌食盐者，一个月如果犯了就没有生机了，必须先断明这一点，然后用药治之。（出自《石室秘录》）
利气诸方 （兼渗利方附）（宜与磨积诸方互参）《广济方》治疗心腹胀满，柴胡浓朴汤方。
柴胡 浓朴（炙，各十分） 茯苓 橘皮 紫苏（各八分） 生姜（十二分） 槟榔（五分，研末）
以上七味药切碎，用水七升，煮取二升五合，绞去渣，分三次温服。服药后间隔行人走六七里的时间，再进一服，微微通利即可。（出自《外台秘要》）
治疗心腹气壅滞，突然胀满不能饮食，草豆蔻散方。
草豆蔻（一两） 丁香（三分） 缩砂（三分） 桃仁（三分） 青橘皮（三分） 白术（三分） 萝卜子（一分）
桂心（三分） 木瓜（三分） 木香（三分） 枳壳（三分） 槟榔（三分）
以上药物捣筛为散，每次服用三钱，用水一中盏，放入生姜半分，煎至六分，去渣不计时候温服。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
平肝饮子，治疗喜怒不节，肝气不平，邪气乘袭脾胃，心腹胀满，连及两胁妨闷，头晕呕逆，脉象浮弦。
防风（去芦头） 桂枝（不见火） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 赤芍药 桔梗（去芦锉炒，各一两） 木香（不见火）
人参 槟榔 当归（去芦酒浸） 川芎 橘红 甘草（炙，各半两）
以上药捣碎，每次服用四钱，水一盏半，姜五片，煎至七分，去渣温服，不限时候。（出自《济生方》）
大正气散，治疗脾胃怯弱，风寒湿气，伤动冲和之气，心腹胀满，妨碍饮食。
浓朴（姜制炒） 藿香叶 半夏（热水泡七次） 橘红 白术（各一两） 甘草（炙） 槟榔 桂枝（不见火）
枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 干姜（炮，各半两）
以上药捣碎，每次服用四钱，水一盏半，生姜五片，枣子二枚，煎至七分，去渣温服，不限时候。（同上）
益智散，治疗脾胃虚滞，心腹胀满，四肢烦疼，少思饮食。
益智 陈皮（各二两二分） 沉香 赤茯苓 白术 槟榔 紫苏子（各一两三分三铢） 甘草（二分二铢）
枳壳 木香（各一两一分）
以上药捣碎，每次服用四五钱，水一盏半，煎至八分服，饭前服，日夜三四次。（《万安方》引《可用方》）（按：《济生方》紫苏子汤，与此方相似。）
撞关饮子，治疗关格不通，气不升降，胀满。
丁香（不见火） 沉香（不见火） 砂仁（去壳） 白豆蔻（去壳） 三棱（去毛炮） 香附（去毛）
乌药（以上各一钱半） 甘草（炙，半钱）
以上为一服量，水二盏，煎至七分，饭后远时温服。（出自《奇效良方》）
七气消聚散
香附米（一钱半） 青皮 蓬术 三棱（俱醋炒） 枳壳（麸炒） 木香 砂仁（各一钱） 浓朴（姜制）
陈皮（各一钱二分） 甘草（炙，四分）
水二钟，姜三片，煎八分，饭前服。（出自《统旨》）（按：此方系于《奇效良方》十全丸中，去掉丁香、槟榔，加入浓朴、甘草，大概是因为药料不如煎用为佳，所以特意选取此方。）
宽中八宝散，胀满痞塞，由七情忧思所致，此方如神。
木香 归尾 萝卜子 真苏子 槟榔 砂仁（各一钱半） 沉香 牙皂（各一钱）
共为末，每次服用一钱或二钱，黄酒调下。（出自《赤水玄珠》）
金陵酒丸，王进士传，治疗鼓胀。
真沉香（一两） 牙皂（一两） 广木香（二两半） 槟榔（一两）
以上为末，用南京烧酒浸十次，晒干，用京酒为丸，每次服用三钱，重的四钱，五更天烧酒送下。水鼓，水从小便而出。气鼓，放屁。水鼓，加苦葶苈五钱炒，酒送下再服。（出自《医鉴》）
项彦章治疗一女，腹痛胀如鼓，四肢骨瘦如柴，众医生有的认为是妊娠、蛊毒、痨瘵，诊其脉，告诉她说：这是气薄血室。她的父亲说：服用芎归之类积累岁月，不是血药吗？项彦章说：失误在于不顺气。夫气，是道路；血，是水。气一旦不运行，血就一刻不停止流动。经书说：气血同出而异名。所以治血必须先顺气，使经络通畅，然后血才能行。于是用苏合香丸投服，三天后腰部作痛。项彦章说：血欲行了。急忙用芒硝、大黄峻猛攻逐，排出污血累累如瓜的可数十枚而痊愈。她的六脉弦滑而且数，弦为气结，滑为血聚，是实邪，所以气行而后大下之。又一女，病名相同而脉诊不同。项彦章说：这个治不好，法当数月死。先前钟女的脉滑为实邪，现在脉虚，元气夺去了。又一女子病也相同，而六脉独弦。项彦章说：真脏脉现，法当逾月死。后来都如他所说。（出自《古今医案按》）（按：此本出自《医史》。）
分消汤，治疗中满成鼓胀，兼治脾虚发肿满饱闷。
苍术（米泔水浸炒） 白术（去芦头） 陈皮 浓朴（姜汁制） 枳实（炒，各一钱） 砂仁（七分） 木香（三分）
香附 猪苓 泽泻 大腹皮（各八分） 茯苓（一钱）
以上锉一剂，生姜一片，灯草一团，水煎服。气急，加沉香。肿胀，加萝卜子。胁痛面黑是气鼓，去白术，加青皮。（出自《回春》）《医意商》戊己分消汤，在本方基础上加卜子炒为末、槟榔。
逐水诸方 气满心腹，所以早晨吃了晚上就不能吃了，这名叫鼓胀。可用鸡粪做丸，熬令烟盛，用清酒一斗半浇淋，承接取汁名叫鸡醴，饮取汗，一剂不愈，至于二剂，不仅独疗鼓胀，肤胀也愈。（《太素》注）（按：王启玄说：按古《本草》，鸡矢并不治鼓胀，惟大利小便，微寒，今方制法，应当取用处，汤渍服之。我认为既然名叫醴，那么用酒盖优。《千金方》鸡粪酒，陈良甫名叫鸡屎醴，足以互相证明。但鸡矢泻下之力颇峻，而用治鼓胀，则王注是对的，不适宜例以治中风而为取汗了。《石室秘录》说：鸡屎醴一升，炒黄色为末，以黄酒洒之，不可太骤，缓缓冲之，则药味尽下。此法暗得杨氏意。现在再检诸家，其方不一，有为末酒调下者，如《圣济总录》是也。有酒渍用者，如《鸡峰方》及《本草纲目》引何大英是也。有并大黄、桃仁三味为末，生姜煎汤调下者，如《宣明论》是也。有炒焦研细，百沸汤淋汁，调木香、槟榔末服者，如《正传》是也。有酒煮用者，如《医鉴》、《医方摘要》、《本草纲目》引《积善堂经验方》牵牛酒及《医通》是也。又《本草纲目》一方及《赤水玄珠》，并川芎二味糊丸服。俱在临处之际，就原书而择用，特《医鉴》所载最捷，仍拈于下。）鸡醴饮，刘同知传，治疗一切肚腹四肢肿胀，不拘鼓胀、气胀、湿胀、水胀等（主治文，从《积善堂方》）。干鸡粪一升，锅内炒黄，用好陈酒三碗淬下，煮作一碗，细滤去渣，令病患饮之，少顷腹中气大转动作鸣，从大便利下，于脚膝及脐上下，先作皱起，其肿渐消。后如果利未尽，再服一剂。用田螺二枚，用滚酒淖熟食之，即止，续以温粥调理愈。（出自《医鉴》）
圣妙散，治疗气鼓，利大小肠，并治胸膈气滞之疾。
甘遂（一分） 白牵牛（一分一半生一半熟） 白槟榔（一个，半个生，半个裹煨）
以上为细末，每次服用一字至半钱，陈粟米汤调下。如果服用补气药，不得服用犯甘草有盐气药。每日只得吃淡粥，又温热之物。一月后得食盐。（出自《鸡峰普济方》）
治疗水蛊。
干丝瓜（去皮剪碎） 巴豆（十四粒） 陈仓米
上用丝瓜干者一捧许，去皮剪碎，与巴豆十四粒同炒，以巴豆黄为度，去巴豆，用丝瓜炒陈仓米如丝瓜之多少，米黄色，去丝瓜，碾米为末，清水和丸，梧桐子大，每次服用百丸，数服愈。盖丝瓜如人之脉络然，引巴豆之气入皮肤故也。（出自《群书钞方》引鲜于伯机《钩玄》）（按：《肘后备急方》治水蛊，用巴豆、杏仁二味。）
疏里磨积诸方 枳实汤，治疗腹胀发热，大便秘实，脉多洪数，这名叫热胀。（出自《济生方》）（按：即浓朴七物汤。）
《广济方》治疗鼓胀，气急冲心硬痛，鳖甲丸方。
鳖甲（炙） 芍药 枳实（炙） 人参 槟榔（各八分） 诃黎勒 大黄（各六分） 桂心（四分）
橘皮（四分）
以上九味药捣筛为末，蜜和为丸，空肚以酒服，如梧子大二十丸，渐加至三十丸，日二服，微利为度。（出自《外台秘要》）又《必效方》青木香丸，治疗一切气，腹胀满，心痛气冷，食不消。在本方基础上去掉鳖甲、人参、橘皮，加入青木香。
治水气，心腹鼓胀，木香丸方。
木香（半两） 槟榔（半两） 砂（三分，细研） 青橘皮（二分，汤浸去白瓤焙） 吴茱萸（半两，汤浸七遍焙干微炒） 巴豆（三十枚，去皮心研纸裹压去油）
以上药物捣罗为末，以酽醋一大盏，熬砂、巴豆为膏，入末相和，丸如绿豆大，每次饭前，煎青橘皮汤下五丸。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
化铁丸，治疗诸气蛊食蛊，腹肚肿胀，紧急如鼓，妨闷气促，不能坐卧，饮食顿减，手足干瘦，累治不效者，服之即瘥，兼治翻胃，神验。
五灵脂（去砂石拣净者） 陈橘皮（不去白拣真者） 青橘皮（不去白拣真，各一两） 陈糯米（拣净者一合省）
巴豆（去壳并心膜）
以上各锉碎，用慢火先炒五灵脂香透，次下青皮，候变色，又下陈皮，亦变赤色，却下糯米、巴豆在内同炒，唯要糯米色黄赤，取出以纸摊净地上，出火气，拣去巴豆不用，或只留三五粒在内亦得，为细末，用好酸米醋浸蒸饼为丸，如绿豆大，每次服用十五丸至二十丸，煎葱汤或茶汤下，妇人醋汤或艾汤下。（出自《卫生家宝》）
红丸子，治疗一切饮食不化，气满膨胀。
红丸子（二百粒，用巴豆二十粒，去壳同炒，取巴豆色变为度。）
上用橘皮汤送下，（按：此句下脱“不”字）拘时。煎木香汤下，尤佳。（出自《朱氏集验方》）
三棱煎丸，顺气宽中，消积滞，化痰饮，治疗中腕气痞，心腹坚胀，胁下紧硬，胸中痞塞，喘满短气，噫气不通，呕吐痰逆，饮食不下，大便不调，或泄或秘。
京三棱（生细锉半斤捣为末以酒二升银石器内熬为膏） 青橘皮（去白二两） 萝卜子（微炒二两）
The above twelve medicinal materials are crushed. Boil in ten dou of water until three sheng of liquid remains. Divide into three doses for oral administration. (From *Qianjin Fang*) Additionally, there is the Wenshen Tang (Warming Stomach Decoction), which treats disharmony of stomach qi, frequent abdominal distension with coughing, and inability to eat. It is formulated by removing Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Fuling (Poria), and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) from the original formula, and adding Chuanpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), and Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). (*Yanyi* states: This formula treats abdominal distension caused by deficiency-cold rising from below, which is completely different from the method of using Dahuang Fuzi Tang (Rhubarb and Aconite Decoction) for cold accumulation causing pain on one side under the hypochondrium.) The Wenshen Tang in *Zhizhi Fang* treats gas aggregation due to cold, abdominal distension, and inability to eat, formulated by removing Guixin, Fuling, and Zhishi from Banxia Tang (Pinellia Decoction) and adding Chuanpi.
For treating disharmony between spleen and stomach, and deficiency-cold distension in the middle jiao, use Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction):
Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria with black skin removed), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (each 1 fen); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma); Helilepi (Terminaliae Chebulae Pericarpium) (half raw, half processed); Chenjupi (Tangerine peel soaked in hot water, white pith removed, each half liang); Peng'ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma, roasted and crushed); Jingsanleng (Bistortae Rhizoma, roasted and crushed, each 1 liang).
Crush the above ten ingredients coarsely and sieve. Take two qianbi per dose with one sheng of water, add three slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and one slice of Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus), decoct together until eight parts remain, remove dregs, and take hot. (From *Shengji Zonglu*)
For treating deficiency-cold distension, vomiting with acid regurgitation, fanwei (reverse stomach unable to retain food), and sallow complexion, use Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction):
Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria with black skin removed), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang); Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, coarse skin removed, stir-fried with ginger juice, 2 liang); Chenjupi (Tangerine peel soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried); Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, coarse skin removed, each 1 liang); Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water, slippery substance removed, dried, 2.5 liang); Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted and crushed, 3 fen).
Crush the above eight ingredients coarsely and sieve. Take four qianbi per dose with one and a half sheng of water, add five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), decoct until seven parts remain, remove dregs, and take warm on an empty stomach, twice daily. (Ibid.) Canzhu Jianpi Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Spleen-Strengthening Decoction) in *Tongzhi* removes Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) from this formula and adds Sharen (Amomi Fructus). You also have Huazhi Tiaozhong Tang (Stasis-Resolving and Middle-Jiao-Regulating Decoction), which removes Gancao (Licorice Root) from Jianpi Tang and adds Shenqu (Massae Medicatae Fermentatae), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), and Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus).
Qiangzhong Tang (Strengthening Middle Decoction) treats disharmony of spleen and stomach, consumption of raw and cold foods, excessive drinking of cold liquids, leading to abdominal distension, epigastric fullness and oppression affecting diet, and severe cases involving abdominal pain.
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang); Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, white pith removed); Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum); Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix); Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, roasted, skin and umbilicus removed); Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed and stir-fried); Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, each half liang); Caoguoren (Tsaoko Cardamomi Fructus); Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (each 3 liang).
Crush the ingredients. Take four qian per dose with one and a half sheng of water, add five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and two dates, decoct until seven parts remain, remove dregs, and take warm at any time. For vomiting, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) half liang. If distension is caused by eating noodles, add Luobozhong (Brassicae Semens) half liang. (From *Jisheng Fang*)
Pufu Tang (Magnolia and Aconite Decoction) treats elderly or deficient individuals suffering from cold invasion and lower-jiao deficiency-cold, resulting in heart and abdominal distension, aversion to food, and a floating, slow, and weak pulse; this is named Han Zhang (Cold Distension).
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, roasted, skin removed); Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed and stir-fried).
Take equal parts of the above two ingredients, crush them. Take four qian per dose with two sheng of water, add seven slices of ginger and two dates, decoct until eight parts remain, remove dregs, and take warm at any time. Adding a small amount of Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) is even better. (Ibid.)
Xiangshen San (Agarwood and Ginseng Powder) is a secret prescription for treating spleen-deficiency abdominal distension.
Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) (1 liang); Fuling (Poria); Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) (each 5 qian); Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) (2.5 qian); Shufu (Prepared Aconite) (1.2 qian).
Roast on a new tile until fine powder, take four qian per dose decocted in water. (From *Da Huan Dan*)
Fuzi Ludou Tang (Aconite and Mung Bean Decoction) treats cold pathogens lodging in the skin, making it hard like a shell, with large abdomen and body edema, where pressing leaves an indentation that does not rise immediately, and skin color remains unchanged; the disease is named Fu Zhang (Skin Distension). If one dose is ineffective, prepare another.
Large Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, raw, weighing 7 qian, one piece, skin and umbilicus removed, broken in half); Ludou (Vigna radiata) (2 liang).
Slice one liang of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), add two bowls of water, decoct until one bowl remains, strain and remove dregs, divide into three doses, and take warm on an empty stomach. The next day, break the previous Fuzi into four pieces, use two liang of Ludou (Mung Beans) and one liang of ginger, decoct as before. On the third day, break the Fuzi into eight pieces, decoct as before. (From *Sanyin Ji Yi Bing Zheng Fang Lun*) The Ludou prepared by *Zhu Shi* treats ten types of water qi and edema due to spleen and kidney qi stagnation.
One large Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), skin and umbilicus removed, cut into two pieces, use two and a half he of Ludou (Mung Beans), three and a half bowls of water, boil in a porcelain vessel until dry and cooked, take out, and eat only the Ludou warm on an empty stomach while hot.
Xiaogu Zhishen Tang (Miraculous Soup for Reducing Drum Distension) for drum distension lasting years without death must not be water distension. Water distension cannot last more than two years; no one dies with flowing fluid from skin pores after two or three years. Since they survive two or three years, it is not water distension, but Qi distension, Blood distension, Food distension, or Parasite distension. As long as urination becomes free and appetite opens, all can be treated. Use Fuliling (Poria) 5 liang, Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) 1 liang, Leiwan (Omphalcodis Fructus) 3 qian, Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 qian, Luobozhong (Brassicae Semens) 1 liang, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 5 qian, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 1 liang, Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) 1 qian. Add ten bowls of water, decoct to two bowls of soup. Take one bowl in the morning; there will inevitably be borborygmus in the abdomen, followed shortly by expulsion of foul matter filling a bucket. Quickly remove and discard, replace with another bucket. Immediately follow with the second bowl, causing massive purging until dusk. Drink light rice water. If diarrhea stops, the person is extremely weak. Then use Huichun Jianpi Dan (Rejuvenating Spleen-Strengthening Pill): Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) 1 qian, Fulving (Poria) 5 qian, Yiren (Coicis Semen) 1 liang, Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) 4 qian, Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) 5 fen, Baijiezi (Sinapis Semen) 1 qian. Decoct in water and take; one dose cures. Salt must be avoided; if consumed within a month, there is no hope. This must be diagnosed first, then treat with medicine. (From *Shishi Milu*)
Qi-Regulating Formulas (Including Diuretic Formulas Attached) (Refer to formulas for grinding accumulations). *Guangji Fang* treats heart and abdominal distension with Chaihu Nongpou Tang (Bupleurum and Magnolia Decoction):
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, roasted, each 10 fen); Fuling (Poria), Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zisu (Perillae Folium) (each 8 fen); Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (12 fen); Binglang (Arecae Semen) (5 fen, powdered).
Cut the above seven ingredients, boil in seven sheng of water until two sheng and five he remain, strain and remove dregs, divide into three warm doses. After taking, wait the time it takes a person to walk six or seven li, then take another dose; slight purgation is the goal. (From *Waitai Mi Yao*)
For treating heart and abdominal qi stagnation, sudden distension and inability to eat, use Caodoukou San (Cardamom Seed Powder):
Caodoukou (Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen) (1 liang); Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (3 fen); Suosha (Amomi Fructus); Taoren (Persicae Semen); Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma); Luobozhong (Brassicae Semens) (1 fen); Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (3 fen); Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix); Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus) (each 3 fen); Binglang (Arecae Semen) (3 fen).
Powder the above ingredients. Take three qian per dose with one zhong of water, add half a fen of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), decoct until six parts remain, remove dregs, and take warm at any time. (From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Pinggan Yinzi (Liver-Pacifying Decoction) treats irregular emotions, liver qi stagnation, pathogenic factors attacking spleen and stomach, causing heart and abdominal distension, oppression extending to both hypochondria, dizziness, vomiting, and a floating, wiry pulse.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-rhizomed); Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, avoid burning); Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, de-albedo, bran-roasted); Chi Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra); Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, de-rhizomed, crushed, roasted, each 1 liang); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, avoid burning); Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix); Binglang (Arecae Semen); Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, de-rhizomed, wine-soaked); Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma); Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum); Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, each half liang).
Crush the ingredients. Take four qian per dose with one and a half sheng of water, add five slices of ginger, decoct until seven parts remain, remove dregs, and take warm at any time. (From *Jisheng Fang*)
Da Zhengqi San (Great Upright Qi Powder) treats weak spleen and stomach, wind-cold-dampness injuring harmonious qi, causing heart and abdominal distension affecting diet.
Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed and stir-fried); Huoxiangye (Agastaches Herba); Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked in hot water seven times); Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 1 liang); Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted); Binglang (Arecae Semen); Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, avoid burning); Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, de-albedo, bran-roasted); Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, roasted, each half liang).
Crush the ingredients. Take four qian per dose with one and a half sheng of water, add five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and two dates, decoct until seven parts remain, remove dregs, and take warm at any time. (Ibid.)
Yizhi San (Wisdom Powder) treats spleen-stomach deficiency stagnation, heart and abdominal distension, painful limbs, and poor appetite.
Yizhi (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 2 liang 2 fen); Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum); Chifuling (Poria); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma); Binglang (Arecae Semen); Zisuzi (Perillae Fructus) (each 1 liang 3 fen 3 zhu); Gancao (Licorice Root) (2 fen 2 zhu); Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (each 1 liang 1 fen).
Crush the ingredients. Take four or five qian per dose with one and a half sheng of water, decoct until eight parts remain, take before meals, three or four times day and night. (*Wan An Fang* citing *Ke Yong Fang*). (Note: *Jisheng Fang* Zisuzi Tang is similar to this formula.)
Zhuang Guan Yinzi (Gate-Bumping Decoction) treats guan ge (obstruction and reversal) with non-ascending and non-descending qi, causing distension.
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, avoid burning); Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, avoid burning); Sharen (Amomi Fructus, de-husked); Baidoukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus, de-husked); Sanleng (Bistortae Rhizoma, de-hair, roasted); Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, de-hair); Wuyao (Litseae Fructus) (each above 1.5 qian); Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted) (0.5 qian).
Prepare as one dose, boil in two sheng of water until seven parts remain, take warm well after meals. (From *Qixiao Liang Fang*)
Qi Qi Xiao Ju San (Seven-Qi Gathering-Dispersing Powder)
Xiangfumie (Cyperi Rhizoma) (1.5 qian); Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium); Pengzhu (Curcumae Rhizoma); Sanleng (Bistortae Rhizoma) (all vinegar-roasted); Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, bran-roasted); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix); Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (each 1 qian); Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed); Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 1.2 qian); Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted) (4 fen).
Boil in two zhong of water with three slices of ginger until eight parts remain, take before meals. (From *Tongzhi*). (Note: This formula is derived from *Qixiao Liang Fang* Shiquan Wan, removing Dingxiang and Binglang, adding Nongpou and Gancao, likely because decoction is superior to powder form.)
Kuanzhong Babao San (Eight-Treasure Middle-Widening Powder) for distension and blockage caused by emotional sorrow and worry, this formula is miraculous.
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix); Guiwei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix End); Luobozhong (Brassicae Semens); Zhen Zisuzi (Perillae Fructus); Binglang (Arecae Semen); Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (each 1.5 qian); Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum); Yazao (Gleditsiae Spina) (each 1 qian).
Grind into powder. Take one or two qian per dose, mixed with yellow wine. (From *Chishui Xuanzhu*)
Jinling Jiu Wan (Jinling Wine Pill), passed down by Vice-Inspector Wang, treats drum distension.
Zhen Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) (1 liang); Yazao (Gleditsiae Spina) (1 liang); Guangmuxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (2.5 liang); Binglang (Arecae Semen) (1 liang).
Grind into powder, soak in Nanjing distilled liquor ten times, dry, make pills with Beijing liquor. Take three qian per dose, four qian for severe cases, taken at dawn with distilled liquor. For water distension, water exits via urine. For qi distension, flatulence occurs. For water distension, add Kutingli (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii et Sisymbrii) 5 qian, roasted, taken with wine. (From *Yi Jian*)
Xiang Yanzhang treated a female patient with abdominal pain and distension like a drum, limbs emaciated. Physicians suspected pregnancy, gu poison, or tuberculosis. He diagnosed the pulse and said: "This is qi thinning the blood chamber." Her father asked: "She has taken Xionggui (Ligusticum and Angelica) preparations for years, are these not blood tonics?" Xiang replied: "The error lies in failing to regulate qi. Qi is the pathway; blood is the water. If qi stops moving for a breath, blood stops moving for a breath. The Classics say: 'Qi and blood originate from the same source but have different names.' Therefore, to treat blood, one must first regulate qi, allowing meridians to open so blood can flow." He administered Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill). After three days, she felt waist pain. Xiang said: "Blood is about to move." He urgently used Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) for vigorous purging. She expelled numerous clots of foul blood resembling melons, dozens in number, and was cured. Her six pulses were wiry, slippery, and rapid. Wiry indicates qi knotting; slippery indicates blood gathering; this is excess pathogen. Thus, qi moved, then vigorous purging was applied. Another female had the same disease name but different pulse diagnosis. Xiang said: "This is untreatable; she will die in months." Previously, Miss Zhong's slippery pulse indicated excess pathogen; now her pulse is deficient, indicating exhaustion of yuan qi. Another woman had the same disease but only wiry six pulses. Xiang said: "True organ pulses appear; she will die in over a month." All predictions came true. (From *Gujin Yi An An*). (Note: Originally from *Yi Shi*.)
Fenxiao Tang (Dividing and Eliminating Decoction) treats middle-fullness becoming drum distension, and also treats spleen-deficiency swelling, fullness, and bloating.
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, rice-water soaked and roasted); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, de-rhizomed); Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium); Nongpou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-juice processed); Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, roasted, each 1 qian); Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (7 fen); Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (3 fen); Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma); Zhuling (Polyporus); Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma); Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium) (each 8 fen); Fulving (Poria) (1 qian).
Cut one dose, add one slice of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and a bundle of Dengcao (Junci Medullae), decoct in water. For shortness of breath, add Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum). For swelling, add Luobozhong (Brassicae Semens). Hypochondriac pain and dark face indicate qi distension; remove Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and add Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium). (From *Huichun*) *Yiyi Shang* Wuji Fenxiao Tang adds fried Lubazi (Radish Seed) powder and Binglang (Arecae Semen) to this formula.
Water-Expelling Formulas. When qi fills heart and abdomen, one eats in the morning but cannot eat by evening; this is named Drum Distension. One can use chicken feces to make pills, roast until smoke rises, pour one dan and a half of clear wine over it, collect the juice named Ji Li (Chicken Liquor). Drink to induce sweating. If one dose fails, try two doses. This not only treats drum distension but also cures skin distension. (*Tai Su* Commentary). (Note: Wang Qixuan says: According to ancient *Bencao*, Chicken Vomit does not treat drum distension, but promotes urination significantly and is slightly cold. The current preparation method should utilize decoction. I believe since it is named Li, using wine is superior. *Qianjin Fang* Chicken Feces Wine, named Chicken Excrement Liquor by Chen Liangfu, corroborates this. However, Chicken Vomit has strong purgative power, and when used for drum distension, Wang's note is correct; it should not be used for inducing sweat as in stroke treatment. *Shishi Milu* says: One sheng of Chicken Excrement Liquor, roasted yellow to powder, sprinkled with yellow wine, not too fast, slowly mixed, so the medicinal properties fully enter. This method secretly aligns with Yang's intent. Checking various sources, methods vary: some use powder mixed with wine, e.g., *Shengji Zonglu*; some use wine soaking, e.g., *Jifeng Fang* and *Bencao Gangmu* citing He Daying; some mix Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Taoren (Persicae Semen) as powder, mixed with ginger decoction, e.g., *Xuanming Lun*; some roast until charred, grind fine, pour boiling water, mix with Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Binglang (Arecae Semen) powder, e.g., *Zhengchuan*; some use wine boiling, e.g., *Yi Jian*, *Yifang Yaoyao*, *Bencao Gangmu* citing *Jishantang Jingyan Fang* Niutai Wine, and *Yitong*; *Bencao Gangmu* and *Chishui Xuanzhu* use Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) paste pills. Choose from original books during clinical practice. *Yi Jian* is the most rapid, listed below.) Ji Li Yin (Chicken Liquor Drink), passed down by Liu Tongzhi, treats all abdominal and limb swelling, regardless of drum, qi, damp, or water distension (Main indications from *Jishantang Fang*). One sheng of dry chicken feces, stir-fried yellow in pot, quenched with three bowls of good aged wine, boiled to one bowl, filtered fine to remove dregs, let patient drink. Soon, abdominal qi turns loudly, bowel movement occurs, wrinkles appear on legs, knees, and around navel, swelling gradually subsides. If purging is incomplete, take another dose. Eat two field snails cooked in boiling wine to stop, then continue with warm porridge to recover. (From *Yi Jian*)
Shengmiao San (Holy Wonder Powder) treats qi distension, benefits large and small intestines, and treats chest and diaphragm qi stagnation diseases.
Gansui (Kansui Radix) (1 fen); Baiqianniu (Convolvuli Semen Album) (1.5 fen, half raw, half roasted); Bai Binglang (Arecae Semen Album) (one piece, half raw, half wrapped and roasted).
Grind into fine powder. Take one zi to half qian per dose, mixed with old millet soup. If taking qi-tonifying medicines, do not take medicines violating Gancao (Licorice Root) or containing salt odor. Eat only bland porridge and warm substances daily. Salt can be taken after one month. (From *Jifeng Puji Fang*)
Treating Water Gu (Ascites).
Gansi Gua (Dried Luffa Fruit, skin removed, chopped); Badou (Crotonis Fructus) (14 grains); Chencangmi (Stored Rice).
Take about one handful of dried Gansi Gua (Luffa Fruit), remove skin, chop, stir-fry with 14 grains of Badou (Crotonis Fructus) until Badou turns yellow. Remove Badou. Stir-fry Chencangmi (Stored Rice) with Gansi Gua (Luffa Fruit) in proportion to the amount of Gansi Gua (Luffa Fruit) used, until rice turns yellow. Remove Gansi Gua (Luffa Fruit). Grind rice into powder, mix with clear water to make pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 100 pills per dose; cure after several doses. Gansi Gua (Luffa Fruit) acts like human meridians, guiding the qi of Badou (Crotonis Fructus) into the skin. (From *Qunshu Chaofang* citing Xianyu Boji *Gouxuan*). (Note: *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* treats water gu with Badou (Crotonis Fructus) and Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen).)
Interior-Draining and Accumulation-Grinding Formulas. Zhishi Tang (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus Decoction) treats abdominal distension with fever, constipation, and mostly surging-rapid pulse; this is named Re Zhang (Heat Distension). (From *Jisheng Fang*). (Note: This is Nongpou Qiwu Tang (Magnolia Seven-Ingredient Decoction).)
*Guangji Fang* treats drum distension with urgent qi rushing to heart and hard pain, using Biejia Wan (Tartar Turtle Shell Pill):
Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, roasted); Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix); Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, roasted); Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix); Binglang (Arecae Semen) (each 8 fen); Helile (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus); Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (each 6 fen); Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (4 fen); Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (4 fen).
Grind the above nine ingredients into powder, mix with honey to make pills. Take on empty stomach with wine, 20 pills the size of Sophora seeds initially, gradually increase to 30 pills, twice daily; slight purgation is the limit. (From *Waitai Mi Yao*) Also, *Bixiao Fang* Qingmuxiang Wan (Green Agarwood Pill) treats all qi disorders, abdominal distension, heart pain due to cold qi, and indigestion. Remove Biejia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum), Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix), and Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) from this formula, add Qingmuxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum Viride).
For treating water qi, heart and abdominal drum distension, use Muxiang Wan (Aucklandia Pill):
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) (half liang); Binglang (Arecae Semen) (half liang); Sha (Sand, finely ground) (3 fen); Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried) (2 fen); Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) (half liang, soaked in water seven times, dried, lightly roasted); Badou (Crotonis Fructus) (30 grains, skin and heart removed, ground, wrapped in paper, pressed to remove oil).
Grind the above ingredients into powder. Use one large zhong of strong vinegar to boil Sha (Sand) and Badou (Crotonis Fructus) into a paste, mix with powder, make pills the size of mung beans. Take five pills before meals, washed down with decoction of Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium). (From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Huatie Wan (Iron-Melting Pill) treats various qi gu and food gu, abdominal swelling tight as a drum, oppressive breathing, inability to sit or lie down, sudden decrease in diet, dry and thin limbs, refractory to repeated treatments. Taking this brings immediate relief; also treats fanwei (reverse stomach), miraculous.
Wulingzhi (Trogopterori Faeces, cleaned of sand and stones); Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, keep white pith, select authentic); Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, keep white pith, select authentic, each 1 liang); Chen Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, selected clean, one he); Badou (Crotonis Fructus, husk and heart membrane removed).
Crush each separately. Use slow fire to stir-fry Wulingzhi (Trogopterori Faeces) until fragrant, then add Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), wait for color change, then add Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), also turning red. Then add Nuomi (Glutinous Rice) and Badou (Crotonis Fructus), stir-fry together until Nuomi (Glutinous Rice) turns yellow-red. Take out, spread on clean ground with paper to cool, remove Badou (Crotonis Fructus) (or leave 3-5 grains), grind into fine powder. Soak steamed biscuit in good sour rice vinegar to make pills the size of mung beans. Take 15-20 pills per dose, washed down with scallion soup or tea soup. For women, use vinegar soup or mugwort soup. (From *Weisheng Jiabao*)
Hong Wanzi (Red Pill) treats all undigested food, qi fullness, and distension.
Hong Wanzi (200 pills, made by stir-frying 20 grains of Badou (Crotonis Fructus) with husked Badou (Crotonis Fructus) until Badou (Crotonis Fructus) color changes).
Take with tangerine peel soup. (Note: Character "bu" [not] is missing here). At any time. Taken with mugwort soup is even better. (From *Zhu Shi Ji Yan Fang*)
Sanleng Jian Wan (Bistort Decoction Pill) regulates qi, widens middle, resolves accumulations, transforms phlegm-fluids, treats epigastric qi痞 (blockage), hard and distended heart and abdomen, tight and hard hypochondria, chest blockage, panting and shortness of breath, belching without relief, vomiting with phlegm-reversal, inability to eat, irregular bowels (diarrhea or constipation).
Jingsanleng (Bistortae Rhizoma, raw, finely crushed, half jin, ground to powder, boiled with two sheng of wine in silver/copper vessel to paste); Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, de-albedo, 2 liang); Luobozhong (Brassicae Semens, lightly roasted, 2 liang).