非待久之晚。乃当日以后为阴之分也。下之谓当以前为阳之分也。故曰下无太晚。下不
厌晚
。是为善守。汗本亡阴。以其汗多阳亦随阴而走。下本泻阳以其下多阴亦随阳而走。故曰汗
多亡阳。下多亡阴也。
若犯发汗多 蓄血上焦为衄
若犯利小便多 蓄血下焦为发狂（其人如狂也）
伤寒脉尺寸俱长。自汗大出。身表如冰石。至脉传入于里细而小。其人动作如故。此阳
明传
入少阴。戊合癸即夫传妇也。（白虎加桂枝汤）主之。然脉虽细小。亦当以迟疾别之。此证脉
疾而非迟。故用此法。
治老幼及虚人。伤寒五六日。昏冒谵语。或小便淋或涩。起卧无度。或烦而不眠也。并
宜此药。
动而伤暑。心火大盛。肺气全亏。故身脉洪大。动而火胜者。热伤气也。（白虎加人参汤
主之。辛苦人多得之。不可不知也。
静而伤暑。火乘金位。肺气出表。故恶寒脉沉疾静而湿胜者。身体重也
。（白虎加苍术汤）主之。安乐之人多受之。不可不知也。
春不服白虎为泻金也。
秋不服柴胡为泻木也。
此言体之常。
烦者气也。躁者血也。气主肺。血主肾。故用栀子以治肺烦。用香豉以治肾躁。烦躁者
。懊 不得眠也。
少气虚满者加甘草。如若呕哕者。加生姜橘皮。下后腹满而烦者。（栀子浓朴枳实汤。）
下后身热微烦者。（栀子甘草干姜汤。）
并不是等到很久以后才晚，而是以当天之后为阴的时段。用下法（泻下）是指应当在之前（阳的时段）使用。所以说泻下没有太晚的，泻下不嫌晚，这才是善于固守病机。发汗本来会导致阴液亡失，因为汗出过多，阳气也会随着阴液一起流失。泻下本来会损伤阳气，因为泻下过多，阴液也会随着阳气一起流失。所以说汗出过多会亡阳，泻下过多会亡阴。
如果误用发汗过多，导致瘀血蓄积在上焦，就会发生鼻衄（鼻出血）。
如果误用利小便过多，导致瘀血蓄积在下焦，就会发生发狂（病人表现为像发狂一样的状态）。
伤寒病脉象寸尺两部都长，自汗大量流出，身体表面冷如冰石，脉象传入体内后变得细而小，但病人的动作依然如常。这是阳明经的病邪传入少阴经，戊癸相合即丈夫传于妻子。（主方：白虎加桂枝汤）。然而脉象虽然细小，也应当通过脉率的迟速来辨别。此证的脉象是疾数而不是迟缓，所以使用这种方法。
治疗老人、儿童及体虚之人，患伤寒五六天，出现神志昏蒙、胡言乱语，或者小便淋漓涩痛，起卧无常，或者烦躁不能入睡。这些情况都适宜使用这个方药。
因活动而伤暑，心火大盛，肺气全亏，所以身体脉象洪大。因活动导致火气胜者，是热邪损伤了气。（主方：白虎加人参汤。辛苦劳作的人多患此病，不可不知道。）
因静坐而伤暑，火邪乘袭肺金之位，肺气外越，所以恶寒且脉象沉而疾速。因静坐导致湿气胜者，身体沉重。（主方：白虎加苍术汤）。安逸享乐的人多患此病，不可不知道。
春天不服用白虎汤是为了避免泻伤肺金。
秋天不服用柴胡汤是为了避免泻伤肝木。
这是论述人体的常态。
烦属于气分，躁属于血分。气由肺主，血由肾主。所以用栀子来治疗肺气的烦，用香豉来治疗肾血的躁。烦躁不安，心中懊恼，不能入睡。
少气且虚满的，加甘草。如果有呕吐呃逆的，加生姜、橘皮。泻下后腹满且烦的，用栀子厚朴枳实汤。
泻下后身热轻微且烦的，用栀子甘草干姜汤。
It is not considered "late" until a long time has passed; rather, the period after the current day belongs to the Yin phase. The application of purgation (Purgative method) refers to its use in the preceding Yang phase. Therefore, it is said that purgation is never too late, and one should not disdain using it late. This constitutes skillful adherence to pathological principles. Perspiration inherently causes the loss of Yin fluids, as excessive sweating leads to Yang Qi following the Yin fluids outwards. Purgation inherently drains Yang Qi, as excessive purgation leads to Yin fluids following the Yang Qi outwards. Thus, it is said that excessive sweating causes the collapse of Yang, while excessive purgation causes the collapse of Yin.
If one errs by inducing excessive perspiration, blood stasis accumulates in the Upper Jiao, resulting in epistaxis (nosebleed).
If one errs by inducing excessive diuresis, blood stasis accumulates in the Lower Jiao, resulting in mania (the patient exhibits behavior resembling madness).
In Shanghan disease, if the pulse at both Cun and Chi positions is elongated, accompanied by profuse spontaneous sweating and a body surface cold as ice or stone, yet the pulse entering the interior becomes fine and small while the patient's movements remain normal, this indicates the transmission of Yangming pathogen into Shaoyin. This corresponds to the combination of Wu and Gui, analogous to the husband transmitting to the wife. (The primary formula is: Baihu Jia Guizhi Tang [White Tiger plus Cinnamon Twig Decoction]). However, although the pulse is fine and small, it must be distinguished by its rate (rapid vs. slow). In this syndrome, the pulse is rapid rather than slow; therefore, this method is employed.
For the treatment of the elderly, children, and those with deficiency constitutions suffering from Shanghan for five to six days, presenting with mental confusion, delirious speech, or dysuria (scanty or painful urination), restlessness without proper rhythm, or irritability with insomnia, all these conditions are suitable for this prescription.
When injured by heat due to exertion, Heart Fire flares excessively and Lung Qi is entirely deficient, resulting in a洪大 (surging-large) pulse. When exertion causes Fire to prevail, it signifies that Heat has damaged Qi. (The primary formula is: Baihu Jia Renshen Tang [White Tiger plus Ginseng Decoction]. Laborers often suffer from this; this must be known.)
When injured by heat due to stillness, Fire attacks the position of Metal (Lung), causing Lung Qi to escape outward, resulting in aversion to cold and a deep, rapid pulse. When stillness causes Dampness to prevail, the body feels heavy. (The primary formula is: Baihu Jia Cangzhu Tang [White Tiger plus Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction]. People living in leisure often suffer from this; this must be known.]
Taking Baihu Tang in spring would drain Metal (Lung); taking Chaihu Tang in autumn would drain Wood (Liver).
This discusses the constant state of the body constitution.
Fan (Vexation) pertains to Qi, while Zao (Restlessness) pertains to Blood. Qi is governed by the Lung, and Blood by the Kidney. Therefore, Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) is used to treat Lung-related Fan, and Xiangchi (Fermented Soybean) is used to treat Kidney-related Zao. Vexation and restlessness involve inner chagrin and inability to sleep.
For cases with shortness of breath and empty fullness, add Gancao (Licorice Root). For cases with vomiting or hiccups, add Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and Ju Pi (Citrus Reticulata Pericarpium). For abdominal fullness and vexation after purgation, use Zhizi Houpo Zhishi Tang [Gardenia, Magnolia Bark, and Immature Bitter Orange Decoction].
For slight fever and vexation after purgation, use Zhizi Gancao Ganjiang Tang [Gardenia, Licorice, and Dried Ginger Decoction].