小儿疳证，其名有五∶心、肝、脾、肺、肾是也，详析于后。咬（五巧切）牙舒舌舌上，生
疮，爱饮冷水，唇红面赤，喜伏眠于地，名曰心疳。目生眵粪，发际左脸多青，或白睛
微黄，泻痢夹水，或如苔色，名曰肝疳。爱吃呢土冷物，饮无度，身面俱黄，发稀作穗，
头大项小，腹胀脚弱，间或酿泻，肌瘦目慢，昼凉夜热，不思乳食，名曰脾疳。鼻下赤烂，
手足枯细，口有腥气，或作喘嗽，右腮 白，名曰肺疳。两耳内外生疮，脚如鹤膝，头缝
不合，或未能行，牙齿生迟，其缝臭烂，传作走马疳之类，名曰肾疳。大抵疳之为病，皆
因过餐饮食，于脾家一脏有积不治，传之余脏而成，五疳之疾。若脾家病去，则余脏皆
安。苟失其治，日久必有传变。然脾家病宜芦荟丸、沉香槟榔丸，或水晶丹、乌犀丸，更
察虚实疗之。有虫者投使君子丸、化虫饮，如心腹痛，吐清水，虫自下，多投二圣丸，诸
疳证皆宜用局方五疳保童丸，或万应丸，常服化积治疳，仍各投本脏调理之剂。宁心用
茯神汤，调肝用 归汤，调脾用参苓白术散，补肺用补肺散，补肾用调元散。庶各得其宜，则前证不致再作。
凡得此候，多因气虚受寒，及有宿滞，留而不去，积温成热，虚热之气上蒸，或食甜
酸咸腻之物，而脾虽喜甘，积滞日久，蕴热上熏于口，致齿焦黑烂，间出清血，血聚成
脓，脓臭成虫，侵蚀（音食）口齿，甚致腮颊穿破，乳食不便，面色光浮，气喘热作，名走马疳。
治之之法，先去积热，用当归散，合三棱散，水、姜、枣煎服，次投芦荟丸、玉露饮，及
以温盐水灌嗽，或软鸡翎蘸盐水拂洗，略拭干，仍以烧盐散、内金散、密陀僧散傅之。若
经久不愈者，传于唇之上下，乃成崩砂证。或穴发满腮，齿落骨露，饮食减少，气促痰鸣，必致危矣。
小儿疳证（一种因喂养不当或疾病影响导致脾胃受损、气血亏虚的慢性消耗性疾病），其名称有五种：心疳、肝疳、脾疳、肺疳、肾疳，详细分析如下。
咬牙伸舌，舌上生疮，喜欢喝冷水，嘴唇红、面色赤，喜欢趴在地上睡觉，称为心疳。眼睛分泌物多，发际线和左脸颊颜色发青，或者眼白微黄，腹泻痢疾夹杂水样便，或者大便颜色像苔藓色，称为肝疳。喜欢吃泥土和生冷食物，饮水没有节制，全身和面部都发黄，头发稀疏结成穗状，头大脖子小，腹部胀满、脚部无力，偶尔发生酿泻（指大便稀溏如糜），肌肉消瘦、眼睑松弛，白天凉爽晚上发热，不想吃奶和食物，称为脾疳。鼻子下方红肿溃烂，手脚枯瘦细小，口中有腥臭味，或者出现喘息咳嗽，右腮苍白，称为肺疳。两耳内外生疮，脚踝肿大如鹤膝，头顶骨缝不合，或者不能行走，牙齿生长迟缓，骨缝处臭烂，进而发展为走马疳（一种迅速侵蚀口腔颌骨的严重病症）等类似情况，称为肾疳。
大体而言，疳证这种病，都是由于饮食过量，在脾脏这一脏形成积滞而未能及时治疗，进而传变到其他脏腑所形成的五疳之疾。如果脾脏的疾病得到治愈，那么其他脏腑也就安宁了。倘若失去治疗，日久必然会发生传变。然而，脾脏的病适宜使用芦荟丸、沉香槟榔丸，或者水晶丹、乌犀丸，更要根据虚实情况进行调理治疗。如果有虫者，投用使君子丸、化虫饮；如果出现心腹疼痛、吐出清水、虫子自行排出，可多投二圣丸。各种疳证都适宜服用局方五疳保童丸，或者万应丸，长期服用以化解积滞、治疗疳证，同时分别投用调理本脏的药剂。宁心安神用茯神汤，调和肝脏用四物汤，调理脾胃用人参白术散（注：原文“参苓白术散”通常指人参、茯苓、白术等组成的健脾益气方剂，此处依原文译为人参白术散或保留原词意），补益肺气用补肺散，补肾气用调元散。这样各得其宜，前面的症状就不会再次发作。
凡是得此候（指走马疳），多是因为气虚受寒，以及有宿食停滞，留滞不去，积久蕴热而成热邪，虚热之气向上熏蒸，或者食用甜、酸、咸、腻的食物，虽然脾脏喜好甘味，但积滞日久，蕴热向上熏灼于口，导致牙齿焦黑溃烂，间或流出清血，血液聚集化成脓液，脓液发臭滋生虫蚀，侵蚀口腔牙齿，甚至导致腮颊穿破，乳食不便，面色光亮浮肿，气喘发热发作，称为走马疳。
治疗的方法，先去积热，使用当归散，配合三棱散，用水、生姜、大枣煎服，其次投用芦荟丸、玉露饮，以及用温盐水漱口，或者用软鸡毛蘸盐水拂洗患处，稍微擦拭干后，仍然用烧盐散、内金散、密陀僧散敷贴。如果经久不愈，病变传至嘴唇上下，就形成崩砂证（指牙龈溃烂如崩沙）。或者穴位处发病布满腮部，牙齿脱落骨头外露，饮食减少，气促痰鸣，必定会导致危重局面。
Pediatric malnutrition syndrome (a chronic consumptive disease caused by improper feeding or illness affecting the spleen and stomach, leading to qi and blood deficiency) has five names: Heart Malnutrition, Liver Malnutrition, Spleen Malnutrition, Lung Malnutrition, and Kidney Malnutrition, which are analyzed in detail below.
Gnashing teeth and protruding the tongue, sores on the tongue, preference for drinking cold water, red lips and reddish face, preference for lying prone on the ground, is called Heart Malnutrition (Xin Gan). Excessive eye discharge, bluish discoloration at the hairline and left cheek, or slightly yellow sclera, diarrhea or dysentery with watery stool, or stool resembling moss color, is called Liver Malnutrition (Gan Gan). Craving dirt and cold foods, uncontrolled drinking, yellowing of the whole body and face, sparse hair forming tufts, large head with a thin neck, abdominal distension and weak legs, occasional loose stools resembling gruel, emaciation and lax eyelids, coolness during the day and fever at night, loss of appetite for milk and food, is called Spleen Malnutrition (Pi Gan). Redness and erosion under the nose, withered and thin hands and feet, fishy odor from the mouth, or wheezing and coughing, pale right cheek, is called Lung Malnutrition (Fei Gan). Sores inside and outside both ears, ankles swollen like a crane's knee, unfused cranial sutures, or inability to walk, delayed tooth eruption, foul-smelling and eroded sutures, progressing to conditions similar to Running Horse Cancre (Zou Ma Gan), is called Kidney Malnutrition (Shen Gan).
Generally speaking, the disease of Malnutrition arises from overeating, where accumulation in the Spleen remains untreated and transmits to other zang organs, resulting in the five types of Malnutrition. If the Spleen disease is cured, the other zang organs will be at peace. If treatment is neglected, transmission will inevitably occur over time. However, Spleen diseases are suitable for treating with Lu Hui Wan (Aloe Pill), Chen Xiang Bing Lang Wan (Agarwood and Areca Seed Pill), Shui Jing Dan (Crystal Pill), or Wu Xi Wan (Black Rhinoceros Horn Pill), while observing deficiency and excess for appropriate therapy. For cases with parasites, Shi Jun Zi Wan (Quisqualis Pill) or Hua Chong Yin (Paricide Decoction) should be administered; if heart and abdominal pain occur, vomiting clear fluid, and worms are expelled naturally, Er Sheng Wan (Two Sages Pill) can be given frequently. All types of Malnutrition are suitable for taking Ju Fang Wu Gan Bao Tong Wan (Bureau Formula Five Malnutrition Child-Protecting Pill) or Wan Ying Wan (Ten Thousand Remedies Pill) for long-term use to resolve accumulation and treat Malnutrition, while simultaneously administering decoctions to regulate the respective affected zang organ. To calm the mind, Fu Shen Tang (Poria Cocos Decoction) is used; to harmonize the Liver, Si Wu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) is used; to regulate the Spleen, Shen Ling Bai Zhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) is used; to tonify the Lung, Bu Fei San (Lung-Tonifying Powder) is used; to tonify the Kidney, Diao Yuan San (Origin-Regulating Powder) is used. Thus, each case receives appropriate treatment, preventing the recurrence of previous symptoms.
Any condition presenting as such is mostly due to qi deficiency combined with cold invasion, along with retained food stagnation that fails to dissipate. Accumulation generates heat over time, and deficient heat qi steams upward. Alternatively, consuming sweet, sour, salty, or greasy foods may cause issues; although the Spleen favors sweet flavors, prolonged stagnation leads to accumulated heat steaming upward into the mouth. This causes teeth to become blackened, scorched, and eroded, occasionally bleeding clear blood. Blood accumulates and turns into pus, which becomes foul-smelling and breeds parasites that erode the oral cavity and teeth. In severe cases, it leads to perforation of the cheeks, difficulty in nursing and eating, a shiny and puffy complexion, wheezing, and recurrent fever, known as Running Horse Cancre (Zou Ma Gan).
The treatment method involves first clearing accumulated heat using Dang Gui San (Angelica Sinensis Powder) combined with San Leng San (Curcuma Zedoaria Powder), decocted with water, ginger, and jujube. Subsequently, administer Lu Hui Wan (Aloe Pill) and Yu Lu Yin (Jade Dew Decoction), and rinse the mouth with warm salt water, or gently brush the affected area with soft chicken feathers dipped in salt water. After wiping dry, apply Shao Yan San (Burnt Salt Powder), Nei Jin San (Chicken Gizzard Lining Powder), or Mi Tuo Seng San (Lead Monoxide Powder). If the condition persists without healing, it spreads to the upper and lower lips, forming Beng Sha Zheng (Falling Sand Syndrome). If lesions fill the cheeks, teeth fall out exposing bone, food intake decreases, and breathing becomes rapid with rattling phlegm, the condition will inevitably become critical.