良方云∶妇人带下,其名有五,因经行产后,风邪入胞门,传于脏腑而致之。若伤
足厥阴肝经,色如青泥;伤手少阴心经,色如红津;伤手太阴肺经,形如白涕;伤足太阴脾
经,黄如烂瓜;伤足少阴肾经,黑如 血。人有带脉,横于腰间,如束带之状,病生于
此,故名为带。(胞门、子户即子宫,俗所谓儿肠也。其传脏有征,传腑无症,岂二而一欤。又曰
病生于带,则脏腑之说,似属空文。盖以带脉管束诸经,故总结之,究其治一也)
李氏曰∶平时阴阳过多,及产后亡血下虚,风邪乘虚入于胞络,宜暖宫丸加姜、附、吴
茱萸(心包络与胞门不同,其曰暖宫,即非包络,岂胞门与包络同也),或黄 建中汤去桂加当归,
水煎吞苦楝丸。白带兼痛风者,二陈汤加苍、柏、南星、牛膝
、川芎。兼头风鼻涕者,苍柏辛芎散。(白带痛风以上两方,皆丹溪所定,然专主于湿痰,并无风邪入胞之治,
岂前人之言非也,亦补未备耳)
保命集云∶赤者热入小肠,白者热入大肠,原其本,皆湿热结于脉,故津液涌溢,
是谓赤白带下。本不病结,缘五经脉虚,结热屈滞于带,故女子脐下痛,阴中绵绵而下也。
经曰∶任脉为病,男子内结七疝,女子带下瘕聚(此指任带二脉而言,其曰热入大小肠之论,无据。当从邪入胞门
,致传脏腑,结于带脉之说为正)。王注云∶任脉自胞上过带脉,贯于脐上,
故男子内结七疝,女子带下。带脉起于季胁章门,似束带状,今湿热冤结不散,故为病也。
经曰∶脾传之肾,名曰疝瘕。小肠冤结而痛,出白,一名曰蛊,所以为带下冤结也。冤,屈
也,屈滞而病热不散。先以十枣汤下后,服苦楝丸、大延胡散,调下之,热去湿除,病自愈
矣。
洁古云∶治带下冤结而痛者,先以十枣汤下之,次服苦楝丸、大延胡索散调之,是先攻
后补之法也。(汤见杂病痰饮,大延胡索散,方见产后腹痛条。)
《良方》记载:妇女带下病,其名称有五种,多因月经期间或产后,风邪侵入胞门(子宫),传变至脏腑所致。若损伤足厥阴肝经,带下颜色如青泥;损伤手少阴心经,颜色如红津液;损伤手太阴肺经,形态如白色鼻涕;损伤足太阴脾经,颜色黄如烂瓜;损伤足少阴肾经,颜色黑如瘀血。人体有一条带脉,横向环绕腰间,形状如同束带,疾病发生于此,所以称为带下。(胞门、子户即指子宫,民间俗称儿肠。病邪传入脏有征象,传入腑则无症候,难道是一回事吗?又说病生于带脉,那么关于脏腑的说法,似乎成了空谈。大概是因为带脉管束诸条经脉,所以将其总结概括,究其治疗原则是一致的。)
李氏说:平时房事过度,以及产后失血导致下焦虚损,风邪乘虚侵入胞络(子宫周围的络脉),适宜使用暖宫丸加入生姜、附子、吴茱萸(心包络与胞门不同,文中提到暖宫,说明并非指心包络,难道胞门与心包络是同一个概念吗?),或者使用黄芪建中汤去掉桂枝加入当归,用水煎煮后吞服苦楝丸。白带兼有痛风症状的,用二陈汤加入苍术、黄柏、南星、牛膝、川芎。兼有头风、流鼻涕的,用苍柏辛芎散。(上述治疗白带和痛风的两个方剂,都是朱丹溪制定的,然而专门针对湿痰,并没有针对风邪侵入胞门的治疗,难道前人的说法不对吗?这也算是补充了前人未完备之处。)
《保命集》记载:赤色带下是热邪侵入小肠,白色带下是热邪侵入大肠,追溯其根本,都是湿热结聚于脉络,导致津液涌溢,这被称为赤白带下。原本没有结聚之病,是因为五条经脉虚弱,热邪屈曲停滞于带脉,所以女子脐下疼痛,阴道内绵绵不断流出分泌物。《内经》说:任脉发病,男子内部结聚成七疝,女子带下及瘕聚(这里指的是任脉和带脉而言,文中提到的热邪侵入大小肠的理论,缺乏依据。应当以邪气侵入胞门,进而传变至脏腑,结聚于带脉的说法为正确)。王冰注解说:任脉从胞宫向上经过带脉,贯穿到脐上,所以男子内部结聚成七疝,女子出现带下。带脉起始于季胁部的章门穴,形状像束带一样,如今湿热冤结不散,所以致病。《内经》说:脾的病邪传变到肾,名叫疝瘕。小肠冤结而疼痛,排出白色分泌物,一名叫做蛊,这就是带下冤结的原因。冤,就是屈曲的意思,屈曲停滞而病热不散。先用十枣汤攻下,然后服用苦楝丸、大延胡索散,调服,热去湿除,病自然痊愈。
张洁古说:治疗带下冤结而疼痛的,先用十枣汤攻下,接着服用苦楝丸、大延胡索散调理,这是先攻后补的方法。(十枣汤见杂病痰饮篇,大延胡索散见产后腹痛条。)
The *Liang Fang* records: In women, leukorrhea has five types. It is caused by wind-pathogen invading the Bao Men (uterus) during menstruation or postpartum, and transmitting to the Zang and Fu organs. If the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian is injured, the discharge color resembles green mud; if the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian is injured, the color resembles red fluid; if the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian is injured, the form resembles white nasal mucus; if the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian is injured, the color is yellow like rotting melon; if the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian is injured, the color is black like blood stasis. The human body possesses a Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel), which crosses horizontally around the waist, resembling a belt. Since the disease arises here, it is named Dai Xia (Leukorrhea). (Bao Men and Zi Hu refer to the uterus, commonly known as "child intestine" in folk terms. Pathogens transmitting to Zang show signs, while those transmitting to Fu do not show symptoms; are they the same? It is also said that the disease arises from the Dai Mai, making the discussion of Zang and Fu seem empty. This is likely because the Dai Mai governs and binds all meridians, so it summarizes them, and ultimately, the treatment principle is consistent.)
Li states: Excessive sexual activity normally, or deficiency in the lower jiao due to blood loss postpartum, allows wind-pathogen to enter the Bao Luo (uterine collaterals) via the deficiency. One should use Nuan Gong Wan (Warming the Palace Pill) added with Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), and Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus). Alternatively, Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang (Astragalus Decoction for Building the Middle) with Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) removed and Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) added, decocted in water and taken with Ku Lian Wan (Toosendan Fruit Pill). For leukorrhea accompanied by Feng Tong (wind-pain/rheumatism), use Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) added with Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Huang Bai (Phellodendri Cortex), Nan Xing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum), Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), and Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma). For cases accompanied by Tou Feng (head wind/headache) and runny nose, use Cang Bai Xin Xiong San (Atractylodes, Phellodendron, Asarum, and Chuanxiong Powder). (The above two formulas for leukorrhea and wind-pain were established by Danxi [Zhu Zhenheng], focusing specifically on damp-phlegm, lacking treatment for wind-pathogen invading the Bao Men. Does this mean the predecessors' words were incorrect? It merely supplements what was incomplete.)
The *Bao Ming Ji* records: Red discharge indicates heat entering the Small Intestine; white discharge indicates heat entering the Large Intestine. Tracing to the root, both are caused by damp-heat knotting in the vessels, causing fluids to surge and overflow, termed Chi Bai Dai Xia (Red and White Leukorrhea). There is originally no knotting disease; rather, due to the deficiency of the Five Meridians, heat stagnates and lingers in the Dai Mai, causing pain below the navel and continuous discharge from the vagina. The Classics state: When the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) is diseased, men develop internal knotting forming Seven Types of Hernia, and women develop Dai Xia and Jia Ju (masses). (This refers to the Ren and Dai Mai. The theory of heat entering the Large and Small Intestines lacks evidence. The correct view should be pathogens entering the Bao Men, transmitting to Zang and Fu, and knotting in the Dai Mai.) Wang Bing's commentary states: The Ren Mai passes upward from the Bao Gong (uterus) through the Dai Mai, piercing above the navel. Thus, men have internal knotting forming seven hernias, and women have leukorrhea. The Dai Mai originates at Zhang Men (LR13) in the hypochondrium, resembling a belt. Now, damp-heat knots and does not disperse, causing disease. The Classics state: When Spleen pathology transmits to the Kidney, it is called Shan Jia (hernia and masses). Knotting in the Small Intestine causes pain, and white discharge occurs, also called Gu (worm/parasite); this is the cause of leukorrhea knotting. "Yuan" means屈曲 (bent/stagnant); stagnation leads to persistent heat. First, administer Shi Zao Tang (Ten Jujube Decoction) to purge, then take Ku Lian Wan and Da Yan Hu San (Major Corydalis Powder) mixed with water. Once heat is removed and dampness eliminated, the disease heals itself.
Jiegu [Zhang Congzheng] states: To treat leukorrhea with knotting and pain, first purge with Shi Zao Tang, then regulate with Ku Lian Wan and Da Yan Hu Suo San. This is the method of attacking first and tonifying later. (Shi Zao Tang is found in the section on miscellaneous diseases and phlegm-fluid retention; Da Yan Hu Suo San is found in the section on postpartum abdominal pain.)