恶黄芩黄 葛根凡用去皮尖麸炒
杏仁，味苦甘性温有毒。可升可降，阴中之阳也。其用有二；利胸中逆气而喘促；润大
肠气闭而难通。
使 恶甘草畏大黄黄连用之去皮心
巴豆，味辛性热有大毒。浮也，阳中之阳也。其用有二∶削坚积，荡脏腑之沉寒；通闭
塞，利水谷之道路，斩关夺门之将。不可轻用。
地胆为之使恶蜈蚣畏防风黑豆甘草黄 人参乌韭
黑附子，味辛性热有大毒。浮也，阳中之阳也。其性浮而不沉，其用走而不息。除六腑
之沉寒，定三阳之厥逆。
苍术，气味主治与白术同。补中除湿，力不及白，宽中发汗，功过于白。
菖蒲为之使
秦艽，味苦辛平性微温无毒，可升可降，阴中之阳也。其用有二∶除四肢风湿若神；疗
遍体骨疽如金。
白僵蚕，味咸辛平，性微温无毒。升也，阴中之阳也。其用有二∶去皮肤风动如虫行；
主面部 生如漆点。
白豆蔻，味辛性温无毒。升也，阳也。其用有四∶破肺中气滞；退口中臭气；散胸中冷
气；补上焦元气。
地榆，味苦甘酸，性微寒无毒。沉也，阴也。其用有二∶主下部积热之血痢；止下焦不
禁之月经。
使
连翘，味苦平，性微寒，无毒。升也，阴也。其用有二∶泻诸经之客热；散诸肿之疮汤
君 畏大黄
阿胶，味甘平，性微温，无毒。降也，阳也。其用有四∶保肺益金之气；止嗽蠲咳之脓；
补虚而安妊胎；治痿而强骨力。
杏仁，味苦、甘，性温，有毒。具有升散和降泄的作用，属于阴中的阳药。它的应用主要有两方面：一是疏通胸中逆乱之气以缓解气喘急促；二是滋润大肠以解决气机闭塞导致的大便难通。
巴豆，味辛，性热，有大毒。性质上浮，属于阳中的阳药。它的应用主要有两方面：一是消除坚硬的积滞，荡涤脏腑深处的沉寒；二是打通闭塞，畅通水谷运行的道路，犹如斩关夺门的猛将。不可轻易使用。
黑附子，味辛，性热，有大毒。性质上浮，属于阳中的阳药。其性浮而不沉，其作用走窜而不停息。能祛除六腑深处的沉寒，平定三阳经的厥逆证。
苍术，气味及主治功效与白术相同。补益中气、除湿的功效不如白术，但宽中理气、发汗的功效却超过白术。
秦艽，味苦、辛，性平，微温，无毒。具有升散和降泄的作用，属于阴中的阳药。它的应用主要有两方面：一是祛除四肢的风湿邪气，效果神奇；二是治疗遍体骨疽，疗效如金。
白僵蚕，味咸、辛，性平，微温，无毒。主升，属于阴中的阳药。它的应用主要有两方面：一是去除皮肤中风邪引起的如虫爬行感；二是主治面部生疮如漆点状。
白豆蔻，味辛，性温，无毒。主升，属阳药。它的应用有四个方面：一是破除肺中的气机阻滞；二是消除口中的臭气；三是疏散胸中的冷气；四是补益上焦的元气。
地榆，味苦、甘、酸，性微寒，无毒。主沉降，属阴药。它的应用主要有两方面：一是主治下部积热引起的血痢；二是止住下焦不固导致的月经淋漓不止。
连翘，味苦，性平，微寒，无毒。主升，属阴药。它的应用主要有两方面：一是清泻各条经络中的客热邪气；二是消散各种肿毒疮疡。
阿胶，味甘，性平，微温，无毒。主降，属阳药。它的应用有四个方面：一是保护肺气，增益金行之气；二是止咳并清除咳出的脓液；三是补虚损并安胎；四是治疗痿证并增强骨骼力量。
Xingren (Apricot Seed), bitter and sweet in flavor, warm in nature, toxic. It can ascend and descend, belonging to yang within yin. Its applications are twofold: it relieves rebellious qi in the chest causing wheezing and shortness of breath; and moistens the large intestine to resolve constipation due to qi obstruction.
Badou (Croton Seed), pungent in flavor, hot in nature, highly toxic. It floats, belonging to yang within yang. Its applications are twofold: it breaks down hard accumulations and sweeps away deep cold in the zang-fu organs; it opens blockages and facilitates the passage of water and grain, acting as a general who breaches gates and seizes passes. It should not be used lightly.
Heifuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), pungent in flavor, hot in nature, highly toxic. It floats, belonging to yang within yang. Its nature is floating and not sinking; its action is moving and ceaseless. It eliminates deep cold in the six fu organs and stabilizes jue-ni (reversal cold) of the three yang meridians.
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), its aroma, flavor, and therapeutic indications are the same as Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma). Its ability to tonify the middle and drain dampness is inferior to Baizhu, but its merit in broadening the middle and inducing sweating exceeds that of Baizhu.
Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), bitter and pungent in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly warm, non-toxic. It can ascend and descend, belonging to yang within yin. Its applications are twofold: it dispels wind-dampness from the four limbs with miraculous effect; and treats generalized bone abscesses with golden efficacy.
Baijiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), salty and pungent in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly warm, non-toxic. It ascends, belonging to yang within yin. Its applications are twofold: it removes wind-induced sensations like insect crawling on the skin; and treats facial eruptions resembling lacquer spots.
Baidoukou (Cardamomi Fructus), pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. It ascends, belonging to yang. Its applications are fourfold: it breaks qi stagnation in the lungs; eliminates bad breath from the mouth; disperses cold qi in the chest; and tonifies the primordial qi of the upper jiao.
Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix), bitter, sweet, and sour in flavor, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It sinks, belonging to yin. Its applications are twofold: it treats bloody dysentery caused by accumulated heat in the lower part; and stops menstrual bleeding due to insecurity of the lower jiao.
Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly cold, non-toxic. It ascends, belonging to yin. Its applications are twofold: it drains guest-heat from various meridians; and dissipates swelling and sores/ulcers.
Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini), sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly warm, non-toxic. It descends, belonging to yang. Its applications are fourfold: it protects the lung and benefits the qi of metal; stops coughing and clears pus from coughs; tonifies deficiency and calms the fetus; and treats wei syndrome (flaccidity syndrome) while strengthening bone power.