参 内托散（丹溪）
金银花（五钱） 黄 （酒炒三钱） 远志肉（甘草汤泡焙） 炙甘草（各一钱五分） 牡丹皮（一钱）
川芎 陈皮（各五分） 当归（二钱） 人参（听用） 大枣五枚水煎服。
丹溪曰∶痈疽未溃，以疏托解毒为主。已溃以托补元气为主。此二语，可为外科枢要。
四君子汤 治一切阳虚气弱，脾衰肺损，面色枯白，饮食少思，四肢无力，体
瘦面黄，皮聚毛落，脉来细软。
人参 白术（土炒） 白茯苓（各二钱） 甘草（炙一钱）
姜枣水煎服。
脾者，万物之母也。肺者，气之母也。脾胃一虚，肺气先绝，脾不健运，故饮食
减少，则营卫无所资养。脾主肌肉，故体瘦面黄。肺主皮毛，故皮聚毛落。脾肺皆
虚，故脉来细软也。是方以人参补五脏之元气，白术补五脏之母气，茯苓致五脏之
清气，甘草调五脏之乖气，四药皆甘温，甘得中之味，温得中之气，犹之不偏倚之君
子也。展布德泽，以行春之令，经曰∶气主煦之。是也夫。
四物汤 治一切血虚，日晡发热。
生地黄 当归（酒炒各三钱） 白芍药（二钱） 川芎（一钱五分） 水煎服。
经曰∶血主濡之，四物皆濡润之品，故为血分主药。地黄甘寒，入心肾，以沃血
之源。当归辛温，入心脾，而壮主血摄血之本。芍药酸寒入肝家，而敛疏泄之血海。
川芎阴中之阳，可上可下，通足三阴而行血中之气。然吴氏曰∶失血太多者，禁勿
与之，四物皆阴，阴者，天地闭塞之令，非所以生万物者也。本方加牡丹皮、山药、白
茯苓、麦门冬、玉竹退虚热至效。
八珍汤 治气血俱虚，恶寒发热，烦躁作渴，大便不实，饮食不进，小腹胀痛，
眩晕昏愦等证。
人参 白茯苓 白术 生地黄 川芎 白芍药 当归 炙甘草
姜枣水煎服。
气为卫属阳，营为血属阴，此人身中之两仪也。纯用四物则独阴不长，纯用四
君子则孤阳不生，二方合用，则气血有调和之益，而阴阳无偏胜之虞矣。经曰∶气
血正平，长有天命。
十全大补汤
人参 白术（土炒） 黄 （蜜炙） 熟生地（酒炒各二钱） 白芍药 炙甘草 川芎（各八分）
当归（一钱五分） 肉桂（去皮五分） 白茯苓（一钱）
水煎服。
丹溪曰∶实火可泻，芩连之属；虚火可补，参 之属。凡人根本受伤，虚火游
行，泄越于外，若误攻其热，变成危证，多致难救。此方以四物补血，四君子补气，又
加黄 助阳固表，肉桂导火归原。薛立斋曰∶饮食劳倦，五脏亏损，一切热证，皆
是无根虚火，但服此汤，固其根本，诸证悉退。《金匮》曰∶虚者十补勿一泻之。此
方是也。此方乃扶危定倾之大药，为收功保命之金丹。
六君子汤 治气虚脾热，食少痰多。
人参 白茯苓 白术（土炒） 广陈皮 半夏（制熟，各二钱） 炙甘草（一钱）
姜枣水煎服。
半夏燥痰治痰之本，陈皮利气泄痰之标，标本既得，攻补互行，补而不滞，攻
而不峻，故曰六君子。经曰∶壮者，气行则愈。怯者，着而为病。六君子者，壮其
气矣，气壮则升降自如，清以奉上，浊以归下，尚有何物可停为滞耶？本方加藿香、
砂仁名香砂六君子汤，其用稍峻者矣。
香砂六君子汤 理脾化痰，温胃进食，止呕。
人参 白术 白茯苓 制半夏 广陈皮 藿香 砂仁 炙甘草
姜枣水煎服。
藿香正气汤 散风寒，消饮食，止呕吐，定泻痢。
白术 陈皮 半夏 桔梗 砂仁 藿香 苏叶 白芷 甘草 白茯苓 浓朴 姜 水煎服。
六味地黄丸 治肾经不足，发热作渴，小便淋秘，气壅痰嗽，头目眩晕，眼
花耳聋，咽燥舌痛，齿牙不固，腰膝萎软，自汗盗汗，诸血失音，水泛为痰，血虚烦
躁，下部疮疡，足根作痛等证。
熟地黄（八两酒煮杵膏） 山茱萸（酒润去核炒） 干山药（炒黄各四西） 牡丹皮（酒洗微炒） 白茯苓
（人乳制焙） 泽泻（淡盐酒拌炒，各三两）
为末蜜丸如桐子大，空心，淡盐汤下四钱。
按∶肾恶燥，脾恶湿，补阴药中多是湿药，肾虚而脾胃壮实者宜，若脾肾两虚
则不可也。惟此六味丸、八味丸及八物肾气丸专补肾虚，兼理脾胃，不湿不燥，于
脾肾两虚者，甚得其宜矣。肾者，水脏也。水衰则龙雷之火无畏而亢上，故壮水之主
以制阳光。地黄味浓，为阴中之阴，补肾填精以为君。山茱味酸归肝，乙癸同治之
义，且肾主闭藏而酸敛之性相宜也。山药味甘归脾，安水之仇，故用为臣。丹皮亦
入肝，其用主宣通，所以佐茱萸之涩也。茯苓亦入脾，其用主通利，所以佐山药之滞
也。且色白属金，能培肺部，又有虚则补母之义。至于泽泻，有三功焉！一曰利小
便，以清相火，二曰行地黄之滞，引诸药速达肾经，三曰有补有泻，无喜攻增气之
虞，故用为使。此方为益肾之圣药，而昧者薄其功缓。盖用药者，有四失也∶一则
地黄非怀庆则力浅，一则地黄非九蒸则不熟，一则疑地黄之滞而减之则君主弱，一
则恶泽泻之渗而减之则使者微。蹈是四失，焉望其药之有功乎？
本方加黄柏、知母各二两，名知柏八味丸，治阴虚火动，骨痿髓枯。王冰所谓
壮水之主以制阳光也，尺脉旺者宜之。本方加五味子三两名都气丸，治劳嗽。本方
加五味子二两，麦门冬三两名八仙长寿丸，再加紫河车一具，并治虚损劳热。本方加
杜仲、牛膝各二两，治肾虚腰膝酸痛。本方去泽泻加益智仁三两，治小便频数。
七味地黄丸 治肾水不足，虚火上炎，发热作渴，口舌生疮，牙龈溃烂，咽
喉作痛，或形体憔悴，寝汗发热。
即六味丸加肉桂一两，临用去皮忌火，勿出气。
肾水不足，虚阳僭上，必用此方，以引火归原。夫五志之火，可以湿伏，可以
直折龙雷之火，惟当从其性而伏之。肉桂性热，与火同性，杂在下焦壮水药中，能
引虚火降而归经。且肉桂之质在中半以下，其性专走肾经。本乎地者，亲下之义，况
相火寄于甲乙之间，肝胆木旺，则巽风动而烈火焰明。古人谓北方不可泻肝，泻肝
即所以泻肾。《本草》曰∶木得桂而枯，取其义也。经曰∶热因热用，此之谓也。或
者畏其热而遗之，岂达造化升降之微乎。黄柏、知母治相火，仅可施于壮实，若虚火
而误用之，则肾因泻而愈虚，愈虚而火愈炽矣。
八味地黄丸 治命门火衰，不能生土，以致脾胃虚寒，饮食少思，大便不实，
脐腹疼痛，夜多漩溺，或阴盛格阳，内真寒而外假热等证。
即七味丸加熟附子（一两。切片，微火焙。）
肾有两枚，皆属于水，虽有左右之分，初无水火之别，考之《内经》，昭然可览。
《仙经》曰∶两个一般无二样，中间一点是真精。又曰∶两肾中间一点明。夫真精者，
明也，即命门相火也。命门乃穴名，而其穴在两肾中间，盖一阳生二阴之间，所以
成乎坎，而象天之北也。经曰∶少火生气，人无此火，生化之源几乎息矣。非附子健
悍，不足以嘘既槁之阳春。王太仆曰∶益火之原，以消阴翳，此方是也。
冯鲁瞻曰∶按脾胃虚寒之至者，丹皮、泽泻甚非所宜，减此二味，加牛膝、杜仲、
鹿茸、五味子更佳。又曰∶六味地黄丸专补左尺肾水，八味丸兼补右肾相火，少年
水亏火旺，宜服六味丸，老年水火俱亏，宜服八味丸，况老年肾脏真水既虚，邪火乘
之而为湿热，以作腰痛足痿，痰唾消渴，小便不禁，淋闭等证，非桂附之温散而能治
之乎！昧者畏其热，殊不知所补之火，乃真阳之元也，真阳之元一得，阴翳之火潜消矣。
金匮肾气丸 治脾肾大虚，腰重脚重，小便不利，肚腹肿胀，四肢浮肿，喘
急痰盛，已成蛊证，其效如神。
熟地黄（四两） 白茯苓（三两） 山茱萸（去核） 干山药（炒） 川牛膝（酒炒） 车前子（微焙）
牡丹皮（酒洗炒） 泽泻（炒） 肉桂（去皮，各二两） 熟附子（五钱）
为末。蜜丸桐子大，空心白汤下。
土为万物之母，水为万物之源，身中所最重者也。若脾虚则土不能制水，肾虚
则水不能安位，故逆行而泛滥于皮肤，妄加攻逐，祸不旋踵。八味丸脾肾要药，佐
以车前泄太阴之水，佐以牛膝，开少阴之窍，则小便行而胀自已，且有益于真元也。
八物肾气丸 平补肾气，坚齿驻颜。
熟地（八两） 山茱萸 山药（各四两） 牡丹皮 泽泻 白茯苓（各三两） 肉桂（去皮） 五味
子（各一两）
为末蜜丸。每用六七十丸，空心白汤下。
逍遥散 治血虚烦热，肢体疼痛，口干盗汗，嗜卧，月水不调，寒热如疟，痰嗽骨蒸。
白茯苓 白术（土炒） 当归 白芍（酒炒） 柴胡（各一钱） 甘草（五分） 薄荷（八分）
煨姜煎服。本方加山栀、牡丹皮名加味逍遥散。
肝虚则血病，归芍养血而敛阴，木盛则土衰，术草和中而补土，柴胡升阳散热，
合芍药以平肝，使术得条达，茯苓清热利湿，令心气安宁，煨姜暖胃祛痰，能调中
解郁，薄荷搜肝泻肺，理血消风，诸证自已，所以有逍遥之名。
补中益气汤
人参 白术 炙黄 炙甘草 广陈皮 升麻 柴胡 当归身 姜枣引。
归脾汤 治思虑伤脾，不能摄血，健忘怔忡，惊悸不寐，心脾作痛，嗜卧少食，
大便不调，身痛及盗汗，月经不调。
人参 白术（土炒） 白茯苓 龙眼肉（去核） 酸枣仁（炒，各二钱） 远志（去骨） 当归身（各
一钱） 木香（生用） 炙甘草（各五分） 炙黄 （一钱五分） 姜水煎服。
心藏神而生血，脾藏意而统血，思虑太过，则两脏受伤，而血不归经。心血不
足，则健忘怔忡，惊悸不寐；脾血不足，则嗜卧少食，体倦肢痛，不能统血，遂致妄
行，甚则气郁而心脾作痛，在女人，则带下而月经不调。兹取参、苓、 、术、炙
草，甘温可以补脾；龙眼、枣仁、归身、远志濡润可以养心；佐以木香者，盖思虑所
伤，三焦气阻，藉其宣畅调气舒脾，则气和而血和。且平肝可以实脾，而血之散于
外者，悉归中州而听太阴所摄矣，故命之曰归脾汤。
理中汤 脏腑中寒，四肢强直。
人参 炮干姜 炙甘草 白术（各等分） 水煎服。
附子理中汤 治脾胃虚寒，饮食不化，或手足厥冷，肠鸣切痛，或痰气不利，
口舌生疮，或呕吐泄泻等证。
即人参理中汤加熟附子。
人有元阳，命曰真火，此火一衰，则不能生土，而资生之本大虚。今以附子回
少火，干姜暖中州，而参、术、甘草为之补气，气旺则火足，而脾土自能健运。经
曰∶气主煦之。又曰∶寒淫所胜，平以辛
热，即补火之谓也。夫心上肾下，肝左肺右，而脾独居中，中气空虚，四脏不能相
生，得此方以理之，则万物之母安，而四脏皆得禀矣，故曰理中汤。去参术即名四
逆汤，为四肢厥者设也。
生脉散 生津止渴，治热伤元气，气短倦怠，口干出汗。
人参（一钱） 麦门冬（二钱） 五味子（八分） 水煎服。
火气赫曦，则金为所制，而绝寒水生化之源，故气短倦怠出汗者，皆手太阴本
证也。人参补气为君，所谓损其肺者，益其气也；五味子酸敛，能收肺家耗散之金；
麦门冬甘寒，濡肺金燥枯之液。三者，皆扶其不胜，使火邪不能为害也。司天属火
之年，时令燥热之际，尤为至要之药。
参苓白术散 健脾养胃。
人参（去芦） 广陈皮 砂仁（各一两） 白茯苓（蒸二两） 白术（土炒四两） 扁豆 山药 薏
苡仁 莲子肉（各三两） 神曲 炙甘草（各五钱）
磨细，每服三钱，白汤调服。
乳香黄 汤 治痈疽发背，诸毒疔疮，疼痛不可忍者，或未成者速散，已成
者速溃，败腐脓毒，不假刀砭，其恶肉自然脱下，并治跌打损伤，筋骨疼痛。
人参 白芍 没药（去油） 当归 乳香（去油） 黄 熟地 罂粟壳（蜜炙，去筋） 甘草
川芎 陈皮
白水煎，量病上下，分前后服。
托里定痛散 溃后血虚，疼痛不可忍者。
熟地 当归 白芍 乳香（去油） 没药（去油） 罂粟壳（蜜炙去筋） 川芎 肉桂 白水煎。
托里内补散（冯氏） 十全大补汤加金银花、白芷、防风各等分，水煎服。
人参养荣汤（《正宗》） 溃疡发热恶寒，或四肢倦怠，肌肉消瘦，面目痿黄，呼
吸短气，饮食无味，不能收敛，或气血原不足，不能收敛，大疮愈后，宜多服之，不
变他证。
即十全大补汤去川芎加陈皮、远志、五味子。
圣愈汤 溃疡脓水出多，气血虚极，脉细空而无力，以致心烦不安，睡卧不宁，或五心烦躁等证。
即四物汤加人参、黄 。
保元大成汤 溃疡，元气素虚，精神怯弱，或脓水出多，神无所主，以致睡
卧昏倦，六脉虚细，手冷身凉，便溏或秘，胸膈或宽不宽，舌虽润而少津，口虽食而
无味，疮弦不紧，肉色微红，总由不足，大补堪题。
人参 白术 白茯苓 当归 白芍 黄 熟附子 山萸肉 砂仁 北五味 陈皮 广木香 炙甘草
参内散（出自朱丹溪）
金银花（五钱） 黄芪（酒炒三钱） 远志肉（用甘草汤浸泡后焙干） 炙甘草（各一钱五分） 牡丹皮（一钱）
川芎 陈皮（各五分） 当归（二钱） 人参（按需使用） 大枣五枚，水煎服。
朱丹溪说：痈疽在未溃破时，以疏泄托毒解毒为主；已溃破后，以托补元气为主。这两句话，可以作为外科治疗的枢纽要点。
四君子汤 治疗一切阳虚气弱、脾衰肺损之证，表现为面色枯白、饮食减少、四肢无力、身体消瘦面色发黄、皮肤干枯毛发脱落、脉象细软。
人参 白术（土炒） 白茯苓（各二钱） 甘草（炙一钱）
加生姜、大枣，水煎服。
脾是万物生长的根本（比喻后天之本），肺是气的根本。脾胃一旦虚弱，肺气首先衰竭；脾不健运，所以饮食减少，导致营气和卫气缺乏滋养。脾主肌肉，所以身体消瘦面色发黄；肺主皮毛，所以皮肤干枯毛发脱落。脾肺都虚，所以脉象细软。此方用人参补五脏的元气，白术补五脏的根本之气，茯苓致五脏的清气，甘草调五脏的乖戾之气，这四味药都是甘温之品，甘得中焦之味，温得中焦之气，就像不偏不倚的君子一样。施展德泽，以施行春季生发之令，《内经》说：“气主要起温煦作用”，就是这个道理。
四物汤 治疗一切血虚证，表现为下午发热（日晡发热）。
生地黄 当归（酒炒，各三钱） 白芍药（二钱） 川芎（一钱五分） 水煎服。
《内经》说：“血主要起濡润作用”，四物汤都是濡润的药物，所以作为血分的主药。地黄味甘性寒，入心肾经，以滋润血的源头。当归味辛性温，入心脾经，以壮大本源以统摄血液。芍药味酸性寒，入肝经，以收敛疏泄的血海。川芎是阴中之阳，可上可下，通行足三阴经而行血中之气。然而吴氏说：失血过多者，禁止使用此方，因为四物汤皆属阴，阴代表天地闭塞的时令，不利于万物生长。本方加入牡丹皮、山药、白茯苓、麦门冬、玉竹，退虚热效果显著。
八珍汤 治疗气血俱虚证，表现为恶寒发热、烦躁口渴、大便不成形、饮食不进、小腹胀痛、眩晕昏沉等症状。
人参 白茯苓 白术 生地黄 川芎 白芍药 当归 炙甘草
加生姜、大枣，水煎服。
气属于卫，属阳；营属于血，属阴，这是人身中的阴阳两仪。纯用四物汤则独阴不长，纯用四君子汤则孤阳不生，两方合用，则有调和气血的好处，而阴阳没有偏胜的忧虑了。《内经》说：“气血平和，才能长寿。”
十全大补汤
人参 白术（土炒） 黄芪（蜜炙） 熟地黄（酒炒，各二钱） 白芍药 炙甘草 川芎（各八分）
当归（一钱五分） 肉桂（去皮五分） 白茯苓（一钱）
水煎服。
朱丹溪说：实火可以泻，用黄芩、黄连之类；虚火可以补，用人参、黄芪之类。凡是人体根本受伤，虚火游行发散于外，如果错误地攻伐其热，会变成危重证候，多导致难以救治。此方用四物汤补血，四君子汤补气，又加黄芪助阳固表，肉桂引火归原。薛立斋说：饮食劳倦导致五脏亏损，一切热证，都是无根虚火，只要服用此汤，巩固根本，各种症状都会消退。《金匮要略》说：“虚证应当十次补而不泻一次”。此方就是这样的方剂。此方是扶正救危的大药，是保命收功的金丹。
六君子汤 治疗气虚脾热，食少痰多。
人参 白茯苓 白术（土炒） 广陈皮 半夏（制熟，各二钱） 炙甘草（一钱）
加生姜、大枣，水煎服。
半夏燥湿化痰治痰之本，陈皮理气泄痰之标，标本兼治，攻补兼施，补而不滞，攻而不峻，所以叫六君子。《内经》说：“正气旺盛者，气行则病愈；正气怯弱者，邪气留着而成病。”六君子汤是壮大其气，气壮则升降自如，清阳上升奉养上部，浊阴下降归于下部，还有什么东西可以停留成为阻滞呢？本方加藿香、砂仁，名叫香砂六君子汤，其药力稍强一些。
香砂六君子汤 理脾化痰，温胃进食，止呕。
人参 白术 白茯苓 制半夏 广陈皮 藿香 砂仁 炙甘草
加生姜、大枣，水煎服。
藿香正气汤 散风寒，消饮食积滞，止呕吐，定泻痢。
白术 陈皮 半夏 桔梗 砂仁 藿香 苏叶 白芷 甘草 白茯苓 浓朴 姜 水煎服。
六味地黄丸 治疗肾经不足证，表现为发热口渴、小便淋沥秘涩、气壅痰嗽、头目眩晕、眼花耳聋、咽燥舌痛、牙齿不牢固、腰膝萎软、自汗盗汗、各种出血失音、水泛为痰、血虚烦躁、下部疮疡、足跟作痛等症状。
熟地黄（八两，酒煮捣膏） 山茱萸（酒润去核炒） 干山药（炒黄，各四两） 牡丹皮（酒洗微炒） 白茯苓（人乳制焙） 泽泻（淡盐酒拌炒，各三两）
研为末，蜂蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，空腹时用淡盐汤送服四钱。
按语：肾厌恶燥，脾厌恶湿，补阴药中多是湿药，肾虚而脾胃壮实者适宜，若脾肾两虚则不可用。只有此六味丸、八味丸及八物肾气丸专门补肾虚，兼理脾胃，不湿不燥，对于脾肾两虚者，非常适宜。肾是水脏。水衰则龙雷之火无所畏惧而亢盛向上，所以要壮水之主以制约阳光。地黄味道浓厚，为阴中之阴，补肾填精作为君药。山茱萸味酸归肝经，有乙癸同源同治的意义，且肾主闭藏，与酸敛之性相宜。山药味甘归脾经，安定水之仇敌（指土克水，此处意指通过健脾来制水或安水），所以用作臣药。丹皮也入肝经，其作用主要是宣通，用来佐助山茱萸的涩性。茯苓也入脾经，其作用主要是通利，用来佐助山药的滞性。而且茯苓色白属金，能培补肺部，又有“虚则补其母”的意义。至于泽泻，有三方面的功效：一是利小便，以清相火；二是行地黄之滞，引导诸药迅速到达肾经；三是补中有泻，没有喜攻增气的忧虑，所以用作使药。此方是益肾的圣药，但无知的人轻视它功效缓慢。大概用药者有四方面的失误：一是地黄如果不是怀庆产，则药力浅薄；二是地黄如果不是九蒸九晒，则药性不熟；三是怀疑地黄滋腻而减量，则君药力量减弱；四是厌恶泽泻渗利而减量，则使药力量微弱。犯这四种失误，怎么能指望药物有效呢？
本方加黄柏、知母各二两，名叫知柏八味丸，治疗阴虚火动、骨痿髓枯。王冰所谓“壮水之主以制阳光”，尺脉旺者适宜服用。本方加五味子三两，名叫都气丸，治疗劳嗽。本方加五味子二两、麦门冬三两，名叫八仙长寿丸，再加紫河车一个，并治虚损劳热。本方加杜仲、牛膝各二两，治疗肾虚腰膝酸痛。本方去泽泻加益智仁三两，治疗小便频数。
七味地黄丸 治疗肾水不足，虚火上炎，表现为发热口渴、口舌生疮、牙龈溃烂、咽喉作痛，或形体憔悴、睡中出汗发热。
即六味丸加肉桂一两，临用时去皮忌火，不要出气。
肾水不足，虚阳僭越上行，必须用此方，以引火归原。五志之火，可以用湿伏法，也可以直折龙雷之火，只应当顺从其本性而伏之。肉桂性热，与火同性，混杂在下焦壮水药中，能引虚火降而归经。而且肉桂的质地在中半以下，其性专走肾经。本乎地的性质，亲近下方的意义，何况相火寄居在甲乙之间，肝胆木旺，则巽风动而烈火焰明。古人说北方不可泻肝，泻肝就是泻肾。《本草》说：“木得桂而枯”，取其义理。《内经》说：“热因热用”，说的就是这个意思。有人害怕它的热性而遗漏不用，哪里懂得造化升降的微妙呢？黄柏、知母治疗相火，仅适用于体质壮实者，如果是虚火而误用，则肾因泻而更虚，越虚火越炽盛。
八味地黄丸 治疗命门火衰，不能生土，导致脾胃虚寒，饮食减少，大便不成形，脐腹疼痛，夜间多尿，或阴盛格阳，内真寒而外假热等症状。
即七味丸加熟附子（一两，切片，微火焙干。）
肾有两个，都属于水，虽然有左右之分，起初并没有水火之别，考证《内经》，清晰可见。《仙经》说：“两个一般无二样，中间一点是真精。”又说：“两肾中间一点明。”所谓真精，就是明，即命门相火。命门是穴位名，其穴在两肾中间，盖在一阳生于二阴之间，所以形成坎卦，象征天的北方。《内经》说：“少火生气”，人如果没有此火，生化之源几乎熄灭了。非附子健悍，不足以吹嘘已经枯萎的阳春之气。王太仆说：“益火之原，以消阴翳”，此方就是这样的方剂。
冯鲁瞻说：按脾胃虚寒至极者，丹皮、泽泻很不适宜，减去这两味，加牛膝、杜仲、鹿茸、五味子更好。又说：六味地黄丸专门补左尺肾水，八味丸兼补右肾相火，少年水亏火旺，宜服六味丸，老年水火俱亏，宜服八味丸，况且老年肾脏真水既虚，邪火乘之而为湿热，导致腰痛足痿、痰唾消渴、小便不禁、淋闭等症状，非桂附的温散能治愈吗！无知的人害怕它的热性，殊不知所补的火，乃是真阳之元，真阳之元一旦得到，阴翳之火自然潜消。
金匮肾气丸 治疗脾肾大虚，腰重脚重，小便不利，肚腹肿胀，四肢浮肿，喘急痰盛，已成蛊胀证，效果如神。
熟地黄（四两） 白茯苓（三两） 山茱萸（去核） 干山药（炒） 川牛膝（酒炒） 车前子（微焙）
牡丹皮（酒洗炒） 泽泻（炒） 肉桂（去皮，各二两） 熟附子（五钱）
研为末，蜂蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，空腹用白开水送服。
土是万物之母，水是万物之源，是人体中最重要的。如果脾虚则土不能制水，肾虚则水不能安位，所以逆行而泛滥于皮肤，妄加攻逐，灾祸立刻降临。八味丸是脾肾要药，佐以车前泄太阴之水，佐以牛膝，开少阴之窍，则小便行而胀满自消，且有益于真元。
八物肾气丸 平补肾气，坚固牙齿，驻颜。
熟地（八两） 山茱萸 山药（各四两） 牡丹皮 泽泻 白茯苓（各三两） 肉桂（去皮） 五味子（各一两）
研为末，蜂蜜为丸。每次用六七十丸，空腹用白开水送服。
逍遥散 治疗血虚烦热，肢体疼痛，口干盗汗，嗜卧，月经不调，寒热如疟疾，痰嗽骨蒸。
白茯苓 白术（土炒） 当归 白芍（酒炒） 柴胡（各一钱） 甘草（五分） 薄荷（八分）
煨姜煎服。本方加山栀、牡丹皮，名叫加味逍遥散。
肝虚则血病，归芍养血而敛阴，木盛则土衰，术草和中而补土，柴胡升阳散热，合芍药以平肝，使术得条达，茯苓清热利湿，令心气安宁，煨姜暖胃祛痰，能调中解郁，薄荷搜肝泻肺，理血消风，各种症状自然消除，所以有逍遥之名。
补中益气汤
人参 白术 炙黄芪 炙甘草 广陈皮 升麻 柴胡 当归身 姜枣引。
归脾汤 治疗思虑伤脾，不能摄血，健忘怔忡，惊悸失眠，心脾作痛，嗜卧少食，大便不调，身痛及盗汗，月经不调。
人参 白术（土炒） 白茯苓 龙眼肉（去核） 酸枣仁（炒，各二钱） 远志（去骨） 当归身（各一钱） 木香（生用） 炙甘草（各五分） 炙黄芪（一钱五分） 姜水煎服。
心藏神而生血，脾藏意而统血，思虑太过，则两脏受伤，而血不归经。心血不足，则健忘怔忡，惊悸失眠；脾血不足，则嗜卧少食，体倦肢痛，不能统血，遂致妄行，甚则气郁而心脾作痛，在女人，则带下而月经不调。这里取参、苓、芪、术、炙草，甘温可以补脾；龙眼、枣仁、归身、远志濡润可以养心；佐以木香，是因为思虑所伤，三焦气阻，借其宣畅调气舒脾，则气和而血和。而且平肝可以实脾，而血之散于外者，全部回归中州而听凭太阴所摄，所以命名为归脾汤。
理中汤 脏腑中寒，四肢强直。
人参 炮干姜 炙甘草 白术（各等分） 水煎服。
附子理中汤 治疗脾胃虚寒，饮食不化，或手足厥冷，肠鸣切痛，或痰气不利，口舌生疮，或呕吐泄泻等症状。
即人参理中汤加熟附子。
人有元阳，名叫真火，此火一衰，则不能生土，而资生之本大虚。现在用附子回少火，干姜暖中州，而参、术、甘草为之补气，气旺则火足，而脾土自然健运。《内经》说：“气主要起温煦作用。”又说：“寒淫所胜，平以辛热”，就是补火的意思。心在上肾在下，肝左肺右，而脾独居中，中气空虚，四脏不能相生，得此方以调理，则万物之母安，而四脏皆得禀受，所以叫理中汤。去掉参、术即名叫四逆汤，是为四肢厥冷者设立的。
生脉散 生津止渴，治疗热伤元气，气短倦怠，口干出汗。
人参（一钱） 麦门冬（二钱） 五味子（八分） 水煎服。
火气赫盛，则金被克制，而绝寒水生化之源，所以气短倦怠出汗者，都是手太阴肺经的本证。人参补气为君，所谓“损其肺者，益其气”；五味子酸敛，能收肺家耗散之金；麦门冬甘寒，濡润肺金燥枯之液。这三者，都是扶助不胜（肺金），使火邪不能为害。司天属火之年，时令燥热之际，尤为至关重要的药。
参苓白术散 健脾养胃。
人参（去芦） 广陈皮 砂仁（各一两） 白茯苓（蒸二两） 白术（土炒四两） 扁豆 山药 薏苡仁 莲子肉（各三两） 神曲 炙甘草（各五钱）
磨细，每次服三钱，白开水调服。
乳香黄芪汤 治疗痈疽发背，诸毒疔疮，疼痛不可忍受，或未成者速散，已成者速溃，败腐脓毒，不假刀砭，恶肉自然脱下，并治跌打损伤，筋骨疼痛。
人参 白芍 没药（去油） 当归 乳香（去油） 黄芪 熟地 罂粟壳（蜜炙，去筋） 甘草
川芎 陈皮
白水煎，根据病位上下，分前后服用。
托里定痛散 溃后血虚，疼痛不可忍受。
熟地 当归 白芍 乳香（去油） 没药（去油） 罂粟壳（蜜炙去筋） 川芎 肉桂 白水煎。
托里内补散（冯氏） 十全大补汤加金银花、白芷、防风各等分，水煎服。
人参养荣汤（出自《医宗正宗》） 溃疡发热恶寒，或四肢倦怠，肌肉消瘦，面目痿黄，呼吸短气，饮食无味，不能收敛，或气血原不足，不能收敛，大疮愈后，宜多服之，不变他证。
即十全大补汤去川芎加陈皮、远志、五味子。
圣愈汤 溃疡脓水出多，气血虚极，脉细空而无力，以致心烦不安，睡卧不宁，或五心烦躁等症状。
即四物汤加人参、黄芪。
保元大成汤 溃疡，元气素虚，精神怯弱，或脓水出多，神无所主，以致睡卧昏倦，六脉虚细，手冷身凉，便溏或秘，胸膈或宽不宽，舌虽润而少津，口虽食而无味，疮弦不紧，肉色微红，总由不足，大补堪题。
人参 白术 白茯苓 当归 白芍 黄芪 熟附子 山萸肉 砂仁 北五味 陈皮 广木香 炙甘草
Shen Nei Tuo San (Cinnabar Internal Support Powder, from Zhu Danxi)
Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, 5 qian), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, stir-fried with wine, 3 qian), Yuanzhi Rou (Polygalae Radix flesh, soaked in Gancao decoction and baked), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 1.5 qian), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, 1 qian), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, each 0.5 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, as needed), Dazao (Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus, 5 pieces). Decoct with water and take orally.
Zhu Danxi said: "For carbuncles and sores before ulceration, treatment focuses on dispersing wind, supporting the healthy qi to expel toxins, and detoxifying; after ulceration, it focuses on supporting the interior and tonifying primordial qi." These two sentences can be considered the pivotal principle of surgical treatment.
Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction)
Indicated for all conditions of yang deficiency and weak qi, spleen decline and lung damage, withered and pale complexion, reduced appetite, weakness in the four limbs, emaciation with sallow complexion, dry skin and falling hair, and a fine and soft pulse.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil), Baifuling (Poria, each 2 qian), Gancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian).
Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao, and take orally.
The Spleen is the mother of all things. The Lung is the mother of Qi. Once the Spleen and Stomach are deficient, Lung Qi will be cut off first. If the Spleen fails to transport and transform, dietary intake decreases, leaving Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi) without nourishment. The Spleen governs muscles, hence emaciation and sallow complexion. The Lung governs skin and hair, hence dry skin and falling hair. Since both Spleen and Lung are deficient, the pulse is fine and soft. This formula uses Renshen to tonify the primordial Qi of the five Zang organs, Baizhu to tonify the mother Qi of the five Zang organs, Fuling (Poria) to guide the clear Qi of the five Zang organs, and Gancao to harmonize the discordant Qi of the five Zang organs. All four herbs are sweet and warm. Sweetness obtains the flavor of the center, and warmth obtains the Qi of the center, just like the "Gentleman" who is unbiased. Spreading virtue to execute the command of spring, as the Classics say: "Qi primarily provides warmth." This refers to that.
Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction)
Indicated for all blood deficiency conditions, presenting with fever in the afternoon (Shen hour).
Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, stir-fried with wine, each 3 qian), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1.5 qian). Decoct with water and take orally.
The Classics say: "Blood primarily provides moistening." Siwu Tang consists of moistening substances, thus serving as the main medicine for the Blood level. Dihuang is sweet and cold, entering the Heart and Kidney channels to irrigate the source of blood. Danggui is acrid and warm, entering the Heart and Spleen channels to strengthen the root of governing and controlling blood. Shaoyao is sour and cold, entering the Liver channel to astringe the sea of blood that is overly dispersed. Chuanxiong is Yang within Yin, capable of moving upward and downward, unblocking the three Foot-Yin channels and moving Qi within the blood. However, Wu Shi said: For those with excessive blood loss, this formula is contraindicated, because all four substances are Yin. Yin represents the command of closure between Heaven and Earth, which is not suitable for generating all things. Adding Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), and Yuzhu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) to this base formula effectively clears deficiency heat.
Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction)
Indicated for dual deficiency of Qi and Blood, presenting with aversion to cold and fever, irritability and thirst, loose stools, anorexia, lower abdominal distension and pain, dizziness, and fainting.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao, and take orally.
Qi belongs to Wei (Defensive) and is Yang; Ying (Nutritive) belongs to Blood and is Yin. These are the Two Powers (Yin and Yang) within the human body. Using only Siwu Tang results in solitary Yin failing to grow; using only Sijunzi Tang results in solitary Yang failing to generate. Combining the two formulas harmonizes Qi and Blood, avoiding the risk of Yin or Yang excess. The Classics say: "When Qi and Blood are balanced, one may enjoy a long life."
Shiquan Dabu Tang (Complete Great Tonifying Decoction)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, honey-fried), Shudihuang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, stir-fried with wine, each 2 qian), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma, each 0.8 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1.5 qian), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, peeled, 0.5 qian), Baifuling (Poria, 1 qian).
Decoct with water and take orally.
Zhu Danxi said: "Excess Fire can be purged with herbs like Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Lianhua (Loti Flos); Deficiency Fire can be tonified with herbs like Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Huangqi (Astragali Radix)." When the fundamental root of the body is injured, Deficiency Fire wanders and escapes outward. If one mistakenly attacks the heat, critical conditions arise, often leading to untreatable states. This formula uses Siwu Tang to tonify Blood, Sijunzi Tang to tonify Qi, adds Huangqi (Astragali Radix) to assist Yang and consolidate the exterior, and Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) to guide Fire back to its origin. Xue Lizhai said: "Dietary irregularities and overwork cause Five Zang depletion; all heat syndromes are Rootless Deficiency Fire. Taking this decoction consolidates the root, and all symptoms recede." The *Jin Gui Yao Lue* says: "For deficiency, tonify ten times rather than purge once." This is such a formula. It is a major medicine to support crises and stabilize collapse, a golden pill to secure recovery and preserve life.
Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction)
Indicated for Qi deficiency with Spleen heat, reduced food intake, and profuse phlegm.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil), Guangchenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum, cooked, each 2 qian), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian).
Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao, and take orally.
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) dries dampness and treats the root of phlegm; Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) promotes Qi movement and drains phlegm, treating the branch. With both root and branch addressed, attacking and tonifying proceed together; tonification does not cause stagnation, and attack is not harsh. Hence it is called Liujunzi Tang. The Classics say: "The strong recover when Qi moves; the weak suffer from pathogenic retention." Liujunzi Tang strengthens Qi. When Qi is strong, ascending and descending occur freely; clear Qi ascends to supply the upper, turbid Qi descends to return to the lower. What substance could remain stagnant? Adding Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) and Sharen (Amomi Fructus) to this base formula creates Xiangsha Liujunzi Tang (Amomum and Patchouli Six Gentlemen Decoction), which has a slightly stronger effect.
Xiangsha Liujunzi Tang (Amomum and Patchouli Six Gentlemen Decoction)
Regulates the Spleen and transforms Phlegm, warms the Stomach to promote appetite, and stops vomiting.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Zhibanxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum), Guangchenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao, and take orally.
Huoxiang Zhengqi Tang (Patchouli Harmonizing the Qi Decoction)
Disperses Wind-Cold, resolves food stagnation, stops vomiting, and halts diarrhea and dysentery.
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Ziye (Perillae Folium), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). Decoct with water and take orally.
Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill)
Indicated for Kidney channel insufficiency, presenting with fever and thirst, painful and difficult urination, Qi stagnation with cough and phlegm, dizziness and vertigo, blurred vision and deafness, dry throat and painful tongue, loose teeth, weak lumbar region and knees, spontaneous sweating and night sweats, voice loss due to various blood losses, water overflowing into phlegm, irritability due to blood deficiency, ulcers in the lower body, and heel pain.
Shudihuang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 8 liang, boiled in wine and pounded into paste), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus, moistened with wine, pitted and stir-fried), Ganshanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried until yellow, each 4 liang), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, washed in wine and lightly stir-fried), Baifuling (Poria, prepared with human milk and baked), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, mixed with light salt wine and stir-fried, each 3 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with honey the size of paulownia seeds. Take 4 qian on an empty stomach with light salt water.
Note: The Kidney dislikes dryness, and the Spleen dislikes dampness. Most Yin-tonifying herbs are damp in nature, suitable for Kidney deficiency with robust Spleen-Stomach, but not for dual Spleen-Kidney deficiency. Only Liuwei Dihuang Wan, Bawei Dihuang Wan, and Bawu Shenqi Wan specifically tonify Kidney deficiency while regulating the Spleen-Stomach, neither too damp nor too dry, making them very suitable for dual Spleen-Kidney deficiency. The Kidney is the Water organ. When Water declines, Dragon-Lei Fire rises unchecked without fear. Therefore, one must strengthen the master of Water to control the sunlight. Dihuang has a rich flavor and is Yin within Yin; it tonifies the Kidney and fills essence, serving as the Sovereign herb. Shanzhuyu is sour and enters the Liver channel, embodying the principle of treating Liver and Kidney together (Yi-Gui same treatment); since the Kidney governs storage, its astringent nature is appropriate. Ganshanyao is sweet and enters the Spleen channel, calming the enemy of Water (Earth controls Water), serving as the Minister herb. Mudanpi also enters the Liver channel, primarily used for dissemination and unblocking, assisting Shanzhuyu's astringency. Baifuling also enters the Spleen channel, primarily used for draining and promoting movement, assisting Ganshanyao against stagnation. Furthermore, its white color belongs to Metal, nourishing the Lung, following the principle of tonifying the mother when the child is deficient. As for Zexie, it has three functions: first, promotes urination to clear Minister Fire; second, removes the stagnation of Dihuang and guides other herbs quickly to the Kidney channel; third, contains both tonification and purgation, avoiding the risk of aggressive attack increasing Qi. Thus, it serves as the Envoy herb. This formula is the holy medicine for benefiting the Kidney, yet ignorant people despise its slow action. There are four errors in medication: First, if Dihuang is not from Huaqing, its power is shallow. Second, if Dihuang is not steamed nine times, it is not fully processed. Third, reducing Dihuang due to suspicion of cloying weakens the Sovereign. Fourth, reducing Zexie due to dislike of its draining nature weakens the Envoy. Falling into these four errors, how can one expect efficacy?
Adding Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), each 2 liang, to this base formula creates Zhibai Bawei Wan (Anemarrhena and Phellodendron Eight-Ingredient Pill), indicated for Yin deficiency with stirring Fire, bone atrophy, and marrow exhaustion. Wang Bing referred to this as "strengthening the master of Water to control the sunlight," suitable for those with a vigorous Chi pulse. Adding Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) 3 liang creates Duqi Wan (Duqi Pill), indicated for劳嗽 (consumptive cough). Adding Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) 2 liang and Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) 3 liang creates Baxian Changshou Wan (Eight Immortals Longevity Pill); adding one Zijieche (Human Placenta) treats deficiency consumption and latent heat. Adding Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex) and Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), each 2 liang, treats Kidney deficiency with sore and painful lumbar region and knees. Removing Zexie and adding Yizhiren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus) 3 liang treats frequent urination.
Qiwei Dihuang Wan (Seven-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill)
Indicated for Kidney Water insufficiency with Deficient Fire flaming upward, presenting with fever and thirst, mouth and tongue ulcers, gum swelling and rotting, sore throat, emaciation, night sweats, and fever.
This is Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) plus Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) 1 liang. At use, remove the bark, avoid fire roasting, and prevent gas escape.
Kidney Water insufficiency causes Deficient Yang to usurp and ascend; this formula must be used to guide Fire back to its origin. Fire of the Five Emotions can be subdued by dampness or directly suppressed. One should follow its nature to subdue it. Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) is hot, sharing the nature of Fire. Mixed with Water-strengthening herbs in the Lower Jiao, it guides Deficient Fire down to return to its channel. Moreover, the quality of Rougui lies in the lower half, and its nature specifically travels to the Kidney channel. Following the earth, it naturally adheres to the lower. Furthermore, Minister Fire resides between Jia and Yi (Liver/Gallbladder Wood). When Liver-Wood is exuberant, Xun-Wind moves, and flames blaze. Ancients said: "In the North, do not purge the Liver; purging the Liver is purging the Kidney." The *Bencao* says: "Wood withers when meeting Cinnamon," taking this meaning. The Classics say: "Treat heat with heat," which is what this refers to. Some fear its heat and omit it; do they understand the subtleties of creation's ascending and descending? Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) treat Minister Fire, applicable only to robust constitutions. If misused for Deficient Fire, the Kidney becomes more deficient through purgation, and the more deficient it is, the fiercer the Fire burns.
Bawei Dihuang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill)
Indicated for Mingmen (Gate of Life) Fire decline, failing to generate Earth, resulting in Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold, reduced appetite, loose stools, umbilical and abdominal pain, nocturia, or Yin excess repelling Yang, presenting with true cold inside and false heat outside.
This is Qiwei Dihuang Wan (Seven-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) plus Shufuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 1 liang, sliced and lightly roasted).
There are two Kidneys, both belonging to Water. Although divided left and right, originally there is no distinction between Water and Fire. Examining the *Neijing*, this is clear. The *Xianjing* says: "The two are identical, the single point in the middle is True Essence." It also says: "The brightness in the middle of the two Kidneys." This True Essence is brightness, i.e., Mingmen Minister Fire. Mingmen is an acupoint name, located between the two Kidneys. One Yang arises between two Yins, forming the Kan trigram, symbolizing the North of Heaven. The Classics say: "Minor Fire generates Qi." Without this Fire, the source of transformation and generation would almost cease. Only the robust and fierce Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) is sufficient to blow upon the withered spring sun. Wang Taipu said: "Benefit the source of Fire to eliminate Yin shadows." This is such a formula.
Feng Luzhan said: For extreme Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold, Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) and Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) are highly inappropriate. Reducing these two and adding Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex), Lurong (Cervi Cornus Degelatinatum), and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) is better. He also said: Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) specifically tonifies Left Chi Kidney Water; Bawei Dihuang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) additionally tonifies Right Kidney Minister Fire. Youth with Water deficiency and Fire hyperactivity should take Liuwei Dihuang Wan; the elderly with dual Water and Fire deficiency should take Bawei Dihuang Wan. Moreover, in the elderly, if True Kidney Water is deficient, Evil Fire takes advantage to become Damp-Heat, causing lumbar pain, leg atrophy, phlegm-saliva, wasting-thirst, urinary incontinence, strangury, etc. Can these be treated without the warming and dispersing properties of Guifu (Cinnamon and Aconite)? Ignorant people fear its heat, not knowing that the Fire being tonified is the Primeval Yang. Once Primeval Yang is obtained, the Fire of Yin shadows naturally dissipates.
Jinkui Shenqi Wan (Golden Cabinet Kidney Qi Pill)
Indicated for severe Spleen-Kidney deficiency, heavy waist and legs, difficulty urinating, abdominal distension, edema of the four limbs, panting with profuse phlegm, progressing to Gu syndrome (abdominal swelling with visible veins), with miraculous efficacy.
Shudihuang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 4 liang), Baifuling (Poria, 3 liang), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus, pitted), Ganshanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, stir-fried), Chuanniuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, wine-fried), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, lightly roasted), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, wine-washed and stir-fried), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, stir-fried), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, peeled, each 2 liang), Shufuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix, 0.5 liang).
Grind into powder. Make pills with honey the size of paulownia seeds. Take on an empty stomach with plain water.
Earth is the mother of all things; Water is the source of all things. They are the most important in the body. If the Spleen is deficient, Earth cannot control Water; if the Kidney is deficient, Water cannot settle in its position. Thus, Water rebels and floods the skin. Blindly attacking and purging brings disaster immediately. Bawei Dihuang Wan (Eight-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) is a key medicine for Spleen and Kidney. Assisted by Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) to drain Taiyin Water, and Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) to open Shaoyin apertures, urination proceeds and distension subsides, benefiting the True Yuan.
Bawu Shenqi Wan (Eight-Substance Kidney Qi Pill)
Balances and tonifies Kidney Qi, strengthens teeth, and preserves youthfulness.
Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, 8 liang), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, each 4 liang), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria, each 3 liang), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, peeled), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, each 1 liang).
Grind into powder, make pills with honey. Take 60-70 pills on an empty stomach with plain water.
Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder)
Indicated for Blood deficiency with irritability and heat, limb pain, dry mouth, night sweats, lethargy, irregular menstruation, alternating chills and fever like malaria, cough with bone-steaming heat.
Baifuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, wine-fried), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, each 1 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 qian), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 0.8 qian).
Decoct with Wei Jiang (Roasted Ginger) and take. Adding Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) to this base formula creates Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder).
Liver deficiency leads to Blood disease; Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) nourish Blood and astringe Yin. Wood exuberance leads to Spleen decline; Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) harmonize the Middle and tonify Earth. Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) raises Yang and dissipates heat, combined with Shaoyao to pacify the Liver, allowing Baizhu to spread smoothly. Fuling (Poria) clears heat and promotes dampness drainage, calming Heart Qi. Roasted Ginger warms the Stomach and resolves phlegm, regulating the Middle and resolving depression. Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) searches the Liver and drains the Lung, regulates Blood, and eliminates wind. All symptoms resolve, hence the name "Free and Easy Wanderer."
Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment Qi Decoction)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zhihuangqi (Prepared Astragali Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Guangchenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Dangguishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix heart), with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao (Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus) as guides.
Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction)
Indicated for Spleen injury due to overthinking, inability to control Blood, forgetfulness, palpitations, fright and insomnia, Heart-Spleen pain, lethargy with reduced food intake, irregular bowel movements, body pain and night sweats, and irregular menstruation.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil), Baifuling (Poria), Longyanrou (Longan Aril, pitted), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, stir-fried, each 2 qian), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, de-boned), Dangguishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix heart, each 1 qian), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, raw), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 0.5 qian), Zhihuangqi (Prepared Astragali Radix, 1.5 qian). Decoct with water and take.
The Heart stores Spirit and generates Blood; the Spleen stores Intent and controls Blood. Excessive thinking injures both Zang organs, causing Blood to leave its vessels. Heart Blood deficiency leads to forgetfulness, palpitations, fright, and insomnia; Spleen Blood deficiency leads to lethargy, reduced appetite, fatigue, limb pain, and failure to control Blood, leading to erratic flow. Severe Qi stagnation causes Heart-Spleen pain. In women, it causes leukorrhea and irregular menstruation. Here, Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Fuling (Poria), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) are sweet and warm to tonify the Spleen; Longyan (Longan Aril), Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) are moistening to nourish the Heart. Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) is added because thinking injures the Triple Burner Qi mechanism; it promotes circulation, regulates Qi, and relaxes the Spleen, so Qi harmonizes and Blood harmonizes. Furthermore, pacifying the Liver solidifies the Spleen, and Blood scattered externally returns to the Central Region to be controlled by the Taiyin. Hence named Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction).
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction)
Cold in the Zang-Fu organs, stiffness and rigidity of the four limbs.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Paoganjiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, equal parts). Decoct with water and take.
Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Regulate the Middle Decoction)
Indicated for Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold, undigested food, cold hands and feet, borborygmus with cutting pain, unfavorable Phlegm-Qi, mouth and tongue ulcers, vomiting, and diarrhea.
This is Ren Shen Lizhong Tang (Ginseng Regulate the Middle Decoction) plus Shufuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix).
Humans possess Primordial Yang, called True Fire. When this Fire declines, it cannot generate Earth, and the root of nourishment becomes severely deficient. Now, Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) restores Minor Fire, Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) warms the Middle Region, while Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) tonify Qi. When Qi is abundant, Fire is sufficient, and Spleen Earth naturally transports and transforms. The Classics say: "Qi primarily provides warmth." It also says: "Where Cold prevails, balance with Acrid and Hot," which means tonifying Fire. Heart is above, Kidney below; Liver left, Lung right; only Spleen dwells in the center. With Empty Center Qi, the Four Zang cannot generate each other. This formula regulates them, so the Mother of All Things is peaceful, and the Four Zang receive endowment. Hence named Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). Removing Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) names it Sini Tang (Reverse Extremities Decoction), established for cold extremities.
Shengmai San (Generate Pulse Powder)
Generates fluids and stops thirst; treats Heat injuring Primordial Qi, shortness of breath, fatigue, dry mouth, and sweating.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 1 qian), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 2 qian), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, 0.8 qian). Decoct with water and take.
When Fire Qi is blazing, Metal is controlled, cutting off the source of Han Water's generation. Thus, shortness of breath, fatigue, and sweating are primary syndromes of the Hand-Taiyin Lung channel. Renshen (Ginseng Radix) tonifies Qi as Sovereign, as stated: "Damage the Lung, benefit its Qi." Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) is sour and astringent, collecting the dissipating Qi of the Lung. Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) is sweet and cold, moistening the dryness and withering fluid of Lung Metal. These three support the unable (Metal), preventing Fire pathogens from causing harm. In years where the ruling Qi is Fire, during seasons of dryness and heat, this is particularly an essential medicine.
Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Powder)
Strengthens the Spleen and nourishes the Stomach.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix, de-rhizome), Guangchenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sharen (Amomi Fructus, each 1 liang), Baifuling (Poria, steamed 2 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil 4 liang), Bian Dou (Lablab Album Seed), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Lianziren (Nelumbinis Semen, each 3 liang), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 0.5 liang).
Grind finely. Take 3 qian per dose, mixed with plain water.
Ruxiang Huangqi Tang (Frankincense and Astragalus Decoction)
Indicated for carbuncles, back sores, various toxic ding sores, unbearable pain, rapid resolution if not suppurated, rapid rupture if suppurated, natural shedding of necrotic pus and toxic matter without knives or blades, and traumatic injuries with bone and tendon pain.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Moyao (Myrrha, de-oiled), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Ruxiang (Boswelliae Resin, de-oiled), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Ying Su Ke (Papaveris Capsicum, honey-fried, de-veined), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium).
Decoct in plain water. Divide doses based on lesion location (upper/lower) and administer sequentially.
Tuoli Ding Tong San (Interior-Supporting Pain-Calming Powder)
For post-ulceration Blood deficiency with unbearable pain.
Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Ruxiang (Boswelliae Resin, de-oiled), Moyao (Myrrha, de-oiled), Ying Su Ke (Papaveris Capsicum, honey-fried, de-veined), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex). Decoct in plain water.
Tuoli Neibu San (Interior-Supporting Internal-Nourishing Powder, by Feng)
Shiquan Dabu Tang (Complete Great Tonifying Decoction) plus Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), equal parts. Decoct with water and take.
Renshen Yangrong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Grace Decoction, from *Zhengzong*)
For ulcers with fever and aversion to cold, or limb fatigue, muscle emaciation, sallow face and eyes, shortness of breath, tasteless food, inability to heal, or original Qi and Blood insufficiency preventing healing. After large sores heal, take frequently to prevent other syndromes.
This is Shiquan Dabu Tang (Complete Great Tonifying Decoction) minus Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), plus Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix), and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus).
Shengyu Tang (Generate Recovery Decoction)
For ulcers with excessive pus discharge, extreme Qi and Blood deficiency, fine and empty pulse lacking strength, leading to irritability, restless sleep, or five-palm heat and irritability.
This is Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Renshen (Ginseng Radix) and Huangqi (Astragali Radix).
Baoyuan Dacheng Tang (Protect Primeval Great Success Decoction)
For ulcers with constitutionally weak Primeval Qi, timid spirit, or excessive pus discharge causing spirit to lack mastery, leading to drowsiness, fine and weak six pulses, cold hands and body, loose or constipated stools, chest discomfort, moist but scanty saliva tongue, tasteless food despite eating, non-tense ulcer margins, slightly red flesh. All stem from insufficiency; great tonification is warranted.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Shufuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix), Shanyurou (Corni Fructus), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Bei Wuwei (Schisandrae Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Guang Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).