凡视疮疡,当知部位属于何脏何腑,然后医治用药,自无错误矣。谨照《铜人 穴针灸图经》,绘图详注,
俾学人留心参考,施治有当耳。
黄帝问曰∶余闻气穴三百六十五以应一岁,未知其所,愿卒闻之。岐伯稽首再拜对曰∶窘乎哉问也!其非
圣帝,孰能穷其道焉!因请益意尽言其处。雷公问曰∶禁服之言,凡刺之理,经脉为始,愿闻经脉之始生。帝
答曰∶经脉者,所以决死生,处百病,调虚实,不可不通矣。
脏腑经络穴道部位铜人图(心经 小肠经 肝经 胆经 脾经 胃经 肺经 大肠经 肾经 膀胱经 心包
经三焦经 督脉经 任脉经 冲脉经 带脉 阳跷脉 阴跷脉 阳维阴维脉)
歌曰∶
手少阴属心经,少冲少府与神门,阴 通里近灵道,少海青灵肘内寻,极泉腋下筋间动,九穴双双须认真。
手少阴之脉起于心中,出属心系,下膈络小肠。其支者,从心系上挟咽,系目系;其直者,复从心系却上
肺,出腋下,下循 内后廉,行太阴心主之后,下肘内廉,循臂内后廉,抵掌后锐骨之端,入掌内廉,循小指
之内出其端。是动则病嗌干心痛,渴而欲饮,是谓臂厥。是主心所生病者,目黄胁痛, 臂内后廉痛厥,掌
中热也。
少冲二穴(一名经始,在手小指内廉端,去爪甲如韭叶。
\r手少阴心经\p04-a41a23.bmp\r
少府二穴(在手小指本节后陷中,直劳宫。)
神门二穴(一名兑冲,一名中都,在掌后兑骨端。)
阴 二穴(在掌后脉中,去腕五分。)
通里二穴(在腕后一寸。)
灵道二穴(在掌后一寸五分,或曰一寸。)
少海二穴(一名曲节,在肘内廉节后陷中。)
青灵二穴(在肘上三寸。)
极泉二穴(在臂内腋下筋间动脉入胸。)
凡是诊治疮疡,应当明确病变部位归属于哪一脏、哪一腑,然后进行医治和用药,自然就不会出现错误了。谨参照《铜人穴针灸图经》,绘制图谱并详细标注,以便学习者留心参考,使施治恰当得当。
黄帝问道:我听说气穴有三百六十五个以对应一年的天数,但不知道它们的具体位置,希望听您详尽地讲解。岐伯叩头拜了两拜回答说:这个问题问得多么深奥啊!如果不是圣明的帝王,谁能穷尽其中的道理呢!于是请求深入探究,把穴位的位置全部讲清楚。雷公问道:《禁服》篇中说,凡针刺的原理,以经脉为起始,希望听闻经脉是如何生成的。黄帝回答说:经脉,是用来决断生死、处理各种疾病、调节虚实不足的,不可以不通晓。
脏腑经络穴道部位铜人图(心经、小肠经、肝经、胆经、脾经、胃经、肺经、大肠经、肾经、膀胱经、心包经、三焦经、督脉经、任脉经、冲脉经、带脉、阳跷脉、阴跷脉、阳维脉、阴维脉)
歌诀说:
手少阴心经,包括少冲、少府与神门穴,阴郄、通里靠近灵道穴,少海、青灵在肘部内侧寻找,极泉穴在腋下筋间跳动处,这九个穴位成双成对,必须认真辨认。
手少阴心经的经脉起始于心中,出来归属心系,向下穿过膈肌联络小肠。它的分支,从心系向上挟持咽喉,联系目系;它的直行者,又从心系退回上行至肺,出于腋下,向下沿上臂内侧后缘,行在手太阴肺经和手厥阴心包经之后,下行至肘部内侧边缘,沿前臂内侧后缘,到达手掌后高骨(豌豆骨)的末端,进入手掌内侧,沿小指内侧出其末端。如果这条经脉发生变动,就会引起咽喉干燥、心痛,口渴想喝水,这称为臂厥。这条经脉主治心脏所生的疾病,如目黄、胁痛,手臂内侧后缘疼痛厥冷,掌心发热等。
少冲穴二穴(又名经始,位于手小指内侧尖端,距离指甲角约韭菜叶宽度。)
[图片:手少阴心经]
少府穴二穴(位于手小指本节后的凹陷中,直对劳宫穴。)
神门穴二穴(又名兑冲,又名中都,位于掌后高骨端的凹陷中。)
阴郄穴二穴(位于掌后脉搏跳动处,距离腕横纹五分。)
通里穴二穴(位于腕横纹后一寸。)
灵道穴二穴(位于掌后一寸五分,有的说是距离腕横纹一寸。)
少海穴二穴(又名曲节,位于肘部内侧边缘、节后凹陷中。)
青灵穴二穴(位于肘上三寸处。)
极泉穴二穴(位于臂内侧腋下筋间动脉入胸处。)
Whenever treating sores and ulcers, one must ascertain which Zang or Fu organ the affected site belongs to before administering treatment and medication, thereby avoiding errors. With due respect to the *Tongren Xue Zhen Jiu Tu Jing* (Illustrated Classic of Acupuncture Points on the Bronze Figure), diagrams have been drawn with detailed annotations, so that students may study them carefully and apply treatments appropriately.
The Yellow Emperor asked: "I have heard that there are 365 Qi acupoints corresponding to the days of a year, but I do not know their locations. I wish to hear about them in detail." Qibo bowed twice and replied: "Your question is profound! Only a sage emperor could exhaust its principles." He then requested permission to explain the locations thoroughly. Leigong asked: "In the *Jin Fu* chapter, it is stated that the principle of acupuncture begins with the meridians. I wish to learn how the meridians originate." The Emperor answered: "The meridians are used to determine life and death, manage various diseases, and regulate deficiency and excess; they must be thoroughly understood."
Bronze Figure Diagram of Zang-Fu Organs, Meridians, Acupoints, and Sites (Heart Meridian, Small Intestine Meridian, Liver Meridian, Gallbladder Meridian, Spleen Meridian, Stomach Meridian, Lung Meridian, Large Intestine Meridian, Kidney Meridian, Bladder Meridian, Pericardium Meridian, Sanjiao Meridian, Du Meridian, Ren Meridian, Chong Meridian, Dai Meridian, Yang Qiao Meridian, Yin Qiao Meridian, Yang Wei Meridian, Yin Wei Meridian)
Song says:
The Hand-Shaoyin [Meridian] belongs to the Heart Meridian, including Shaochong, Shaofu, and Shenmen. Yinxi and Tongli are near Lingdao; Shaohai and Qingling are found on the inner elbow. Jiquan moves between the tendons under the armpit. These nine acupoints come in pairs and must be identified with care.
The Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian originates from within the heart, emerges to belong to the Heart System, descends through the diaphragm, and connects with the Small Intestine. Its branch rises from the Heart System, flanking the throat, and connects with the Eye System. Its straight course returns from the Heart System, ascends to the lung, emerges from the axilla, and descends along the posterior medial aspect of the upper arm, running behind the Taiyin and Jueyin meridians. It descends to the medial aspect of the elbow, follows the posterior medial aspect of the forearm, reaches the end of the styloid process of the pisiform bone at the wrist, enters the medial palm, and follows the medial side of the little finger to exit at its tip. If this meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes dryness of the throat, heart pain, thirst with desire to drink, known as Arm-Jue. This meridian governs diseases generated by the Heart, such as yellowing of the eyes, hypochondriac pain, pain and coldness along the posterior medial aspect of the arm, and heat in the palm.
Shaochong (2 points) (Also named Jing Shi. Located at the radial corner of the nail of the little finger, approximately the width of a leek leaf from the nail.)
[Image: Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian]
Shaofu (2 points) (Located in the depression proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger, directly opposite Laogong.)
Shenmen (2 points) (Also named Dui Chong, also named Zhong Du. Located at the radial end of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression.)
Yinxi (2 points) (Located in the artery at the wrist crease, 0.5 cun proximal to the wrist crease.)
Tongli (2 points) (Located 1 cun proximal to the wrist crease.)
Lingdao (2 points) (Located 1.5 cun proximal to the wrist crease, or some say 1 cun.)
Shaohai (2 points) (Also named Qu Jie. Located in the depression at the medial end of the transverse cubital crease.)
Qingling (2 points) (Located 3 cun superior to the medial end of the transverse cubital crease.)
Jiquan (2 points) (Located in the axilla, between the tendons where the artery pulses into the chest.)