《金匮真言论》曰∶春气者病在头，（肝之应也。）夏气者病在脏，（心之应也。）秋气者病在
肩背，（肺之应也。）冬气者病在四肢。（四肢气少，寒毒善伤，随所受邪，则为病处。）夫精者，身之本
也。故藏于精者春不病温。（冬则精气伏藏，阳不妄升，故春无温病也。）平旦至日中，天之阳，阳
中之阳也；日中至黄昏，天之阳，阳中之阴也；（日中阳盛，故曰阳中之阳，黄昏阴盛，故曰阳
中之阴。阳气主昼，故平旦至黄昏，皆为天之阳，而中复有阴阳之殊也。）合夜至鸡鸣，天之阴，阴中
之阴也；鸡鸣至平旦，天之阴，阴中之阳也。（鸡鸣阳气未出，故曰天之阴，平旦阳气已升，故曰
阴中之阳。）故人亦应之。夫言人之阴阳，则外为阳，内为阴。言人身之阴阳，则背为阳，
腹为阴。言人身之脏腑中阴阳，则脏者为阴，腑者为阳。（脏谓五神脏，腑谓六化腑。）肝、心、
脾、肺、肾五脏皆为阴，胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦六腑皆为阳。故背为阳，阳
中之阳，心也；（心为阳脏，位处上焦，以阳居阳，故谓阳中之阳。《灵枢》曰∶心为牡脏。牡，阳也。）背为
阳，阳中之阴，肺也；（肺为阴脏，位于上焦，以阴居阳，故谓阳中之阴。《灵枢》曰∶肺为牝脏。牝，阴
也。）腹为阴，阴中之阴，肾也；（肾为阴脏，位于下焦，以阴居阴，故谓阴中之阴。《灵枢》曰∶肾为牝
脏。牝，阴也。）腹为阴，阴中之阳，肝也；（肝为阳脏，位处中焦，以阳居阴，故谓阴中之阳。《灵枢》
曰∶肝为牡脏。牡，阳也。）腹为阴，阴中之至阴，脾也。（脾为阴脏，位处中焦，以太阴居阴，故谓阴中
之至阴。《灵枢》曰∶脾为牝脏。牝，阴也。）此皆阴阳表里内外雌雄，相输应也，故以应天之阴
阳也。（以其气象参合，故能上应于天。）
《金匮真言论》说：春季的邪气致病，部位多在头部，（这是与肝脏相应的表现。）夏季的邪气致病，部位多在五脏，（这是与心脏相应的表现。）秋季的邪气致病，部位多在肩背部，（这是与肺脏相应的表现。）冬季的邪气致病，部位多在四肢。（因为四肢阳气较少，寒毒容易伤害此处，随着所感受的邪气不同，就会在相应部位发病。）那精，是身体的根本。所以善于藏精的人，春天不会患温病。（因为冬季精气潜伏闭藏，阳气不妄动上升，所以春天没有温病发生。）从黎明到中午，属于天的阳气，是阳中之阳；从中午到黄昏，属于天的阳气，是阳中之阴；（中午阳气最盛，所以叫阳中之阳；黄昏阴气渐盛，所以叫阳中之阴。阳气主导白天，所以从黎明到黄昏都属于天的阳气，但其中又有阴阳的区别。）从日落合夜到鸡鸣，属于天的阴气，是阴中之阴；从鸡鸣到黎明，属于天的阴气，是阴中之阳。（鸡鸣时阳气尚未出离，所以叫天的阴气；黎明时阳气已经升发，所以叫阴中之阳。）人也顺应这种规律。说到人的阴阳，外部为阳，内部为阴。说到人体的阴阳，背部为阳，腹部为阴。说到人体脏腑中的阴阳，脏者为阴，腑者为阳。（脏指五神脏，腑指六化腑。）肝、心、脾、肺、肾这五脏都属阴，胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦这六腑都属阳。所以背部属阳，阳中之阳，对应的是心；（心为阳脏，位置在上焦，以阳居阳位，所以称为阳中之阳。《灵枢》说：心为牡脏。牡，意为阳。）背部属阳，阳中之阴，对应的是肺；（肺为阴脏，位于上焦，以阴居阳位，所以称为阳中之阴。《灵枢》说：肺为牝脏。牝，意为阴。）腹部属阴，阴中之阴，对应的是肾；（肾为阴脏，位于下焦，以阴居阴位，所以称为阴中之阴。《灵枢》说：肾为牝脏。牝，意为阴。）腹部属阴，阴中之阳，对应的是肝；（肝为阳脏，位于中焦，以阳居阴位，所以称为阴中之阳。《灵枢》说：肝为牡脏。牡，意为阳。）腹部属阴，阴中之至阴，对应的是脾。（脾为阴脏，位于中焦，以太阴之体居阴位，所以称为阴中之至阴。《灵枢》说：脾为牝脏。牝，意为阴。）这些都是阴阳、表里、内外、雌雄相互感应对应的关系，所以能够与天的阴阳相对应。（因为其气象相互参合，所以能上应天道。）
The *Jingui Zhenyan Lun* (Treatise on the True Sayings of the Golden Cabinet) states: The pathogenic qi of spring causes disease in the head, (this corresponds to the Liver.) The pathogenic qi of summer causes disease in the zang organs, (this corresponds to the Heart.) The pathogenic qi of autumn causes disease in the shoulders and back, (this corresponds to the Lungs.) The pathogenic qi of winter causes disease in the four limbs. (Since the four limbs have less qi, cold pathogens easily injure them; depending on the pathogen received, that becomes the site of disease.) Essence is the root of the body. Therefore, those who preserve their essence will not suffer from warm diseases in spring. (In winter, essence and qi are stored and hidden, and yang qi does not rise recklessly, thus there are no warm diseases in spring.) From dawn to noon is the yang of heaven, which is yang within yang; from noon to dusk is the yang of heaven, which is yin within yang. (At noon, yang qi is at its peak, hence "yang within yang"; at dusk, yin qi becomes dominant, hence "yin within yang." Yang qi governs the day, so from dawn to dusk all belongs to the yang of heaven, yet within this period there are distinctions of yin and yang.) From nightfall to the crowing of the rooster is the yin of heaven, which is yin within yin; from the crowing of the rooster to dawn is the yin of heaven, which is yang within yin. (At the time of the rooster's crow, yang qi has not yet emerged, hence "the yin of heaven"; at dawn, yang qi has already risen, hence "yang within yin.") Humans also correspond to these patterns. When speaking of human yin and yang, the exterior is yang and the interior is yin. When speaking of the yin and yang of the human body, the back is yang and the abdomen is yin. When speaking of the yin and yang within the zang-fu organs, the zang organs are yin and the fu organs are yang. (Zang refers to the Five Spirit Zang organs; Fu refers to the Six Transformation Fu organs.) The Liver, Heart, Spleen, Lungs, and Kidneys—the five zang organs—are all yin. The Gallbladder, Stomach, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Bladder, and Sanjiao—the six fu organs—are all yang. Therefore, the back is yang; among yang, the heart is yang within yang. (The Heart is a yang organ, located in the upper jiao; residing in a yang position with yang nature, it is called "yang within yang." The *Ling Shu* states: The Heart is a male organ. Male signifies yang.) The back is yang; among yang, the lungs are yin within yang. (The Lungs are a yin organ, located in the upper jiao; residing in a yang position with yin nature, it is called "yin within yang." The *Ling Shu* states: The Lungs are a female organ. Female signifies yin.) The abdomen is yin; among yin, the kidneys are yin within yin. (The Kidneys are a yin organ, located in the lower jiao; residing in a yin position with yin nature, it is called "yin within yin." The *Ling Shu* states: The Kidneys are a female organ. Female signifies yin.) The abdomen is yin; among yin, the liver is yang within yin. (The Liver is a yang organ, located in the middle jiao; residing in a yin position with yang nature, it is called "yang within yin." The *Ling Shu* states: The Liver is a male organ. Male signifies yang.) The abdomen is yin; among yin, the spleen is extreme yin within yin. (The Spleen is a yin organ, located in the middle jiao; possessing the nature of Taiyin residing in a yin position, it is called "extreme yin within yin." The *Ling Shu* states: The Spleen is a female organ. Female signifies yin.) These are all relationships of mutual correspondence between yin and yang, interior and exterior, inside and outside, and male and female, thus corresponding to the yin and yang of heaven. (Because their meteorological aspects interrelate, they can correspond upwardly to heaven.)