凡跌打损伤，或从高坠下，恶血流于内，不分何经之伤，皆肝之所主，盖肝主血也。故
凡败血凝滞，从其所属，而必归于肝，多在胁肋小腹者，皆肝经之道也。若其壅肿痛甚，或
发热自汗，皆当酌其虚实，而以调血行经之药治之。治法∶凡胸满胁胀者，宜行血；老弱者
，宜行血活血；腹痛者，宜下血；瘀肉不溃，或溃而不敛，宜大补气血；若打扑坠堕稍轻，
别无瘀血等证，而疼痛不止者，惟和气血、调经脉，其痛自止；更以养气血、健脾胃，则
无有不效。亦有痛伤胃气作呕，或不饮食者，以四君子汤加当归、砂仁之类调之。若有瘀血
，不先消散，而加补剂，则成实实之祸；设无瘀血，而妄行攻利，则致虚虚之祸。故凡治此
证，须察所患轻重，有无瘀血，及元气虚实，不可概行攻下，致成败证。盖打扑坠堕，皮肉
不破，肚腹作痛者，必有瘀血在内，宜以复元活血汤攻之；老弱者，四物汤加红花、桃仁、
穿山甲补而行之；若血去多而烦躁，此血虚也，名曰亡血，宜补其血；如不应，当以独参汤
补之。又凡损伤，不问老弱，及有无瘀血停积，俱宜服热童便，以酒佐之，推陈致新，其功
甚大；若胁胀或作痛，或发热烦躁，口干喜冷，惟饮热童便一瓯，胜服他药。大凡肿痛或
伤损者，以葱捣烂炒热罨之；或用生姜、葱白同捣烂，和面，炒热罨之亦可。至脉法，出血
多者，其脉虚细沉小者生，浮数实大者死。从高颠仆，内有瘀血，腹胀，脉坚强者生，小弱
者死，以脉病不相应故也。
杖疮一证，其重者，必以瘀血为患。血瘀在外者，浅则砭之，深则刺之，内溃者开之，
腐肉者取之；血瘀在内者，宜以活血、和气之药和之，甚者利之、行之，此治血凝之法也。
然其受刑之时，号叫则伤气，忍痛则伤血，悲愤则伤志，血气情志俱伤，虚所必至，若不培
补，则羸困日甚矣。况脾主肌肉，脾气受伤，则饮食必减，血脉损坏，则肌肉俱病。故凡既
伤之后，但察其虚多滞少者，则宜以参、 、归、术、熟地、甘草之属，专理脾气，以托气
血，脾健则元气自复，肌肉自生，可保无虞矣。其有伤筋骨而作痛者，宜以没药降圣丹治之
；若牙关紧急，或腰背反张者，以玉真散治之并效。总之此证宜先察其有瘀无瘀，及形气虚
实，酌而治之。凡诸变证治法，有未尽者，宜与前跌打损伤条互参通用。
凡是跌打损伤，或者从高处坠落，恶血瘀积在体内，无论损伤哪条经络，都由肝脏主宰，因为肝主司血液。所以，凡是败血凝滞，顺着所属关系，必然归于肝脏，多发生在胁肋和小腹部位，这都是肝经的循行道路。如果肿胀疼痛严重，或者发热、自汗，都应当斟酌其虚实的状况，使用调血通经的药物进行治疗。治疗方法：凡是胸满胁胀的，适宜行血；年老体弱的，适宜行血活血；腹痛的，适宜下血（通便逐瘀）；瘀肉不溃烂，或者溃烂后不收敛的，适宜大补气血；如果是被打扑或坠落伤势稍轻，没有其他瘀血等证候，但疼痛不止的，只需调和气血、调理经脉，疼痛自然停止；再用养气血、健脾胃的方法，就没有不有效的。也有因疼痛损伤胃气导致呕吐，或者不能饮食的，用四君子汤加入当归、砂仁之类药物来调理。如果有瘀血，不先消散就加上补益剂，就会造成“实实”（使实证更实）的祸患；假设没有瘀血，却胡乱使用攻伐利下的药物，就会导致“虚虚”（使虚证更虚）的祸患。所以凡是治疗这类证候，必须考察患处的轻重，有无瘀血，以及元气的虚实，不可一概使用攻下法，导致变成败坏难治之证。大概被打扑坠落，皮肉没有破损，但肚腹作痛的，里面一定有瘀血，适宜用复元活血汤攻逐；年老体弱的，用四物汤加入红花、桃仁、穿山甲，在补益的同时行血；如果失血过多而烦躁，这是血虚，称为亡血，适宜补血；如果无效，应当用独参汤来补益。另外，凡是损伤，不问年老体弱，以及有无瘀血停积，都适宜服用热童便（童子尿），以酒送服，推陈致新，功效很大；如果胁肋胀满或作痛，或者发热烦躁，口干喜冷，只喝一瓯热童便，胜过服用其他药物。大凡肿痛或伤损的，用葱捣烂炒热外敷；或者用生姜、葱白一同捣烂，和面粉，炒热外敷也可以。至于脉法，出血多的，脉象虚细沉小的为顺，预后良好；脉象浮数实大的为逆，预后不良。从高处置坠，内有瘀血，腹胀，脉象坚强有力的为生，脉象小弱无力的为死，这是因为脉象与病证不相适应的缘故。
杖疮这一证候，严重的，必定由瘀血为患。血瘀在体表的，浅的用砭石刺破，深的用针刺破，内部溃烂的切开排脓，有腐肉的去除腐肉；血瘀在体内的，适宜用活血、和气的药物调和它，严重的用泻下、行血的药物治疗，这是治疗血凝的方法。然而受刑的时候，号叫会伤气，忍痛会伤血，悲愤会伤志，血气情志都受伤，虚弱是必然的结果，如果不培补，身体就会日益羸弱困顿。况且脾主肌肉，脾气受伤，饮食必然减少，血脉损坏，肌肉都会生病。所以凡是受伤之后，只要考察其虚证多而停滞少的，就用人参、[此处原文缺字，通常指黄芪或类似补气药]、当归、白术、熟地黄、甘草之类的药物，专门调理脾气，以托举气血，脾脏健康则元气自然恢复，肌肉自然生长，可以保证无忧了。那些有伤及筋骨而作痛的，适宜用没药降圣丹治疗；如果牙关紧急，或者腰背反张（角弓反张），用玉真散治疗也有效。总之这个证候适宜先考察有无瘀血，以及形体气息的虚实，斟酌后治疗。凡是各种变证的治法，有未尽善的，适宜与前文跌打损伤的条目互相参考通用。
Whenever there is a fall or blow injury, or a fall from a height, with evil blood (stagnant blood) accumulating internally, regardless of which meridian is injured, it is all governed by the Liver, because the Liver governs Blood. Therefore, whenever败血 (dead/stagnant blood) stagnates, following its corresponding association, it must return to the Liver, mostly occurring in the hypochondrium and lower abdomen, which are the pathways of the Liver Meridian. If swelling and pain are severe, or if there is fever and spontaneous sweating, one must assess the deficiency and excess conditions and treat with herbs that regulate Blood and unblock meridians. Treatment methods: For those with chest fullness and hypochondriac distension, promoting Blood circulation is suitable; for the elderly and weak, promoting and invigorating Blood is suitable; for abdominal pain, purging Blood (evacuating stasis via bowels) is suitable; for necrotic tissue that does not ulcerate, or ulcers that do not heal, greatly tonifying Qi and Blood is suitable; for mild blows or falls without other signs of Blood stasis, but with persistent pain, only harmonizing Qi and Blood and regulating meridians is needed, after which the pain will cease naturally; further nourishing Qi and Blood and strengthening the Spleen and Stomach will ensure efficacy. There are also cases where pain damages Stomach Qi causing vomiting, or inability to eat, which should be regulated with Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) added with Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus), etc. If there is Blood stasis, adding tonics without first dissipating the stasis will cause the disaster of "exacerbating excess" (making an excess condition more excessive); assuming there is no Blood stasis, but recklessly using purgative or draining methods will cause the disaster of "exacerbating deficiency" (making a deficiency condition more deficient). Therefore, when treating such conditions, one must examine the severity of the injury, the presence or absence of Blood stasis, and the deficiency or excess of Yuan Qi (Original Qi), and must not indiscriminately use purgative methods, leading to untreatable collapse. Generally, for blows or falls where the skin and flesh are intact but the abdomen hurts, there must be internal Blood stasis, suitable for treatment with Fu Yuan Huo Xue Tang (Restore Vitality and Invigorate Blood Decoction) to attack and resolve it; for the elderly and weak, Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), and Shan Jian Jia (Manis Squama) to tonify while moving Blood; if there is excessive blood loss accompanied by irritability, this is Blood deficiency, termed Wang Xue (Loss of Blood), suitable for tonifying Blood; if ineffective, Du Shen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) should be used for tonification. Furthermore, for any injury, regardless of age or strength, and whether or not there is stagnant Blood, it is suitable to drink hot Tong Bian (Child's Urine), assisted by wine, to push out the old and bring forth the new, which has great merit; if there is hypochondriac distension or pain, or fever and irritability, dry mouth preferring cold drinks, drinking one bowl of hot Tong Bian alone is superior to taking other medicines. Generally, for swelling, pain, or injuries, crushed green onions stir-fried hot can be applied externally; alternatively, fresh ginger and white parts of green onion crushed together, mixed with flour, and stir-fried hot can also be applied externally. Regarding pulse diagnosis, for those with significant bleeding, a void, fine, deep, and small pulse indicates survival, while a floating, rapid, full, and large pulse indicates death. From high falls, with internal Blood stasis and abdominal distension, a strong and firm pulse indicates survival, while a small and weak pulse indicates death, because the pulse does not correspond to the disease.
The condition of whip wounds (Zhang Chuang), in severe cases, is necessarily caused by Blood stasis. If Blood stasis is external, shallow cases are treated with Bian Shi (stone lancets), deep cases with needles, internal ulcerations are incised, and necrotic tissue is removed; if Blood stasis is internal, it is suitable to harmonize with herbs that invigorate Blood and harmonize Qi, and in severe cases, to drain and move it. This is the method for treating Blood coagulation. However, during punishment, crying and wailing injures Qi, enduring pain injures Blood, and grief/anger injures Zhi (Will/Spirit). When Qi, Blood, and Spirit are all injured, deficiency is inevitable; if not tonified, the body will become increasingly emaciated and weak. Moreover, the Spleen governs muscles; if Spleen Qi is injured, dietary intake will decrease, and if blood vessels are damaged, muscles will all suffer. Therefore, after injury, if deficiency is predominant and stagnation is minor, herbs such as Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), [missing character, likely Huang Qi], Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), and Gan Cao (Licorice Radix et Rhizoma) should be used to specifically regulate Spleen Qi, to support Qi and Blood. When the Spleen is healthy, Yuan Qi will recover naturally, and muscles will regenerate, ensuring safety. For injuries affecting tendons and bones causing pain, Mo Yao Jiang Sheng Dan (Myrrh Descent of the Sage Pill) is suitable; for trismus (lockjaw) or opisthotonos (backward arching of the back), Yu Zhen San (Jade True Powder) is effective. In summary, this condition requires first examining the presence or absence of Blood stasis and the deficiency or excess of form and Qi, then treating accordingly. For various complicated conditions and treatments not fully covered here, they should be cross-referenced and applied generally with the preceding section on falls and blows.