濡脉极软而浮细，如帛在水中，轻手相得，按之无力，如水上浮沤，谓如帛浮水中，重
之，随手没之象，《脉诀》按之似有，举之还无，是微脉，非濡也。又曰∶濡形浮细按须轻
，水面浮绵力不禁，病后产中犹有药，平人若见是无根。浮细而如绵曰濡，沉细如绵曰弱，
浮而极细曰微，沉而极细不断曰细。
主病 濡主亡血阴虚，丹田髓已亏，盗汗血崩，湿气侵脾，寸濡主阳微自汗，关主气虚
，尺主伤精脱血寒甚，法宜温补，大都濡主血虚之病，又为伤湿。
极软而沉，按之乃得，举手全无。又曰∶弱乃濡之沉者。《脉诀》言黎氏譬如浮沤，皆
，非弱也。《素问》曰∶脉弱以滑，是有胃气，脉弱以涩，是为久病，病后老弱见之顺，平
人少年见之逆。又曰∶弱来无力按之柔，柔细而沉不见浮，阳陷入阴精血弱，白头犹可少年
主病 弱脉主阴气虚，阳气衰，恶寒发热，筋骨痿软，多惊多汗，精神减少，法当益气
。寸主阳虚，关主胃弱脾衰，尺主阳陷阴虚。又曰∶弱主气虚之病，仲景曰∶阳陷入阴，故
恶寒发热。又曰∶弱主筋，沉主骨，阳浮阴弱，血虚筋急。柳氏曰∶气虚则脉弱，寸弱阳虚
，尺弱阴虚，关弱胃气虚。
迟大而软，按之无力，隐指豁豁然空。崔氏曰∶形大力薄，其虚可知。《脉决》言寻之
，举之有余，止言浮脉，不见虚状。杨氏曰∶状似柳絮，散慢而迟。滑氏言∶散大而濡皆散
脉，非虚也。又曰∶举之迟大按之松，脉状无涯类谷空，莫把芤虚为一例，芤迟浮大似慈葱
。又曰∶虚脉浮大而迟，按之无力，芤脉浮大，按之中空，芤主脱血，虚主血虚。
主病 脉虚身热，主伤暑自汗，怔忡惊悸，阴虚发热，法当养营益卫。寸主血不营心，
关主腹胀少食，尺主骨蒸痹痿，伤精脱血。经曰∶血虚脉虚，气来虚微为不及，病在内，曰
∶久病脉虚者死。
濡脉极其柔软且浮取细弱，像丝绸漂浮在水中，轻手触按即可感知，重按则无力，如同水面上浮动的泡沫。所谓“如帛浮水中，重之随手没之”的象意，《脉诀》中描述的“按之似有，举之还无”，实际上是微脉的特征，而非濡脉。又说：濡脉形态浮细，需轻按才能感知，如同水面漂浮的棉絮，力量难以承受；病后或产后见到此脉尚有药可治，若健康人出现则是无根之象。浮细而像绵絮的是濡脉，沉细而像绵絮的是弱脉，浮取极细的是微脉，沉取极细且不断绝的是细脉。
主病：濡脉主要主亡血、阴虚，丹田精髓已亏损，盗汗、血崩，湿气侵袭脾脏。寸部濡脉主阳气微弱导致自汗，关部主气虚，尺部主伤精、脱血及寒邪极盛。治疗法则宜温补。大抵濡脉主血虚之病，也主伤湿。
极软而沉，必须重按才能触及，举手（轻取）完全感觉不到。又说：弱脉是濡脉的沉取表现。《脉诀》中说黎氏比喻为浮沤，都不对，那不是弱脉。《素问》说：脉弱而滑，是有胃气的表现；脉弱而涩，是久病的表现。病后或年老体弱者见到弱脉为顺证，健康年轻人见到则为逆证。又说：弱脉来势无力，按之柔和，柔细而沉，不见浮象，这是阳气陷入阴分，精血虚弱。白头老者尚可，若是少年见此脉则主病重。
主病：弱脉主阴气虚，阳气衰败，恶寒发热，筋骨痿软，易受惊吓且多汗，精神减退。治疗法则应当益气。寸部弱脉主阳虚，关部主胃弱脾衰，尺部主阳陷阴虚。又说：弱脉主气虚之病。张仲景说：阳气陷入阴分，所以恶寒发热。又说：弱脉主筋病，沉脉主骨病，阳浮阴弱，血虚则筋急。柳氏说：气虚则脉弱，寸部弱脉主阳虚，尺部弱脉主阴虚，关部弱脉主胃气虚。
迟大而软，按之无力，手指下感觉豁然空虚。崔氏说：脉形大但气势薄弱，其虚损可知。《脉决》中说寻取时、举取时有余，这只是在描述浮脉，没有体现出虚象。杨氏说：脉状像柳絮，散漫而迟缓。滑氏说：散大和濡都是散脉，不是虚脉。又说：轻取迟大，重按松软，脉状无边际，像谷壳中空，不要把芤脉和虚脉混为一谈。芤脉迟浮大，像慈葱一样。又说：虚脉浮大而迟，按之无力；芤脉浮大，按之中空。芤脉主失血，虚脉主血虚。
主病：脉虚身热，主伤暑导致的自汗，怔忡惊悸，阴虚发热。治疗法则应当养营益卫。寸部主血不能滋养心脏，关部主腹胀、食欲减少，尺部主骨蒸、痹症痿软，伤精脱血。经书说：血虚则脉虚，脉气来虚微为不及，病在内。又说：久病之人脉虚者死。
The Ru (Soft) pulse is extremely soft and floating, thin and fine, resembling silk floating in water. It can be perceived with light pressure, but feels powerless when pressed heavily, like bubbles floating on the surface of water. The image described as "like silk floating in water, disappearing immediately upon heavy pressing" refers to this sensation. The description in *Mai Jue* ("seeming present upon pressing, vanishing upon lifting") actually characterizes the Wei (Minute) pulse, not the Ru pulse. Furthermore, it is stated: "The Ru pulse appears floating, thin, and fine, requiring light pressure; it resembles cotton floating on water, lacking strength." Seeing this pulse after illness or postpartum indicates that treatment is still possible; if seen in a healthy person, it signifies a lack of root. A floating, thin pulse resembling cotton is the Ru pulse; a deep, thin pulse resembling cotton is the Ruo (Weak) pulse; an extremely thin pulse upon floating is the Wei (Minute) pulse; and an extremely thin, unbroken pulse upon deep pressing is the Xi (Fine) pulse.
Diseases governed: The Ru pulse primarily governs loss of blood and Yin deficiency, indicating depletion of the Dantian essence and marrow. It is associated with night sweats, uterine bleeding, and dampness invading the Spleen. A Ru pulse at the Cun (Inch) position governs Yang deficiency leading to spontaneous sweating; at the Guan (Bar) position, it governs Qi deficiency; and at the Chi (Cubit) position, it governs injury to essence, loss of blood, and extreme cold. The therapeutic method should be warming and tonifying. Generally, the Ru pulse governs diseases of Blood deficiency and also indicates injury by dampness.
Extremely soft and deep, it can only be felt with heavy pressure, and is completely imperceptible with light pressure. It is further stated that the Ruo (Weak) pulse is the deep aspect of the Ru pulse. The descriptions in *Mai Jue* comparing it to floating bubbles are incorrect and do not describe the Ruo pulse. *Su Wen* states: "A pulse that is weak yet slippery indicates the presence of Stomach Qi; a pulse that is weak yet choppy indicates a chronic disease." Seeing a weak pulse after illness or in the elderly is a favorable sign (Shun), whereas seeing it in a healthy young person is unfavorable (Ni). It is also said: "The Ruo pulse comes without force, feeling soft upon pressure, thin and deep without any floating quality. This indicates Yang sinking into Yin and deficiency of Essence and Blood." While acceptable in the elderly, it indicates severe illness in the young.
Diseases governed: The Ruo (Weak) pulse governs deficiency of Yin Qi and decline of Yang Qi, manifesting as aversion to cold and fever, flaccidity of sinews and bones, frequent fright, excessive sweating, and diminished spirit. The therapeutic method should be to tonify Qi. A Ruo pulse at the Cun position governs Yang deficiency; at the Guan position, it governs weak Stomach and declining Spleen; and at the Chi position, it governs sinking of Yang and deficiency of Yin. It is also stated: "The Ruo pulse governs diseases of Qi deficiency." Zhang Zhongjing said: "When Yang sinks into Yin, there is aversion to cold and fever." It is also said: "The Ruo pulse governs Sinew issues, while the Deep pulse governs Bone issues. When Yang floats and Yin is weak, Blood deficiency leads to taut sinews." Liu Shi said: "Qi deficiency results in a weak pulse. Weakness at the Cun indicates Yang deficiency; weakness at the Chi indicates Yin deficiency; weakness at the Guan indicates deficiency of Stomach Qi."
The Chi (Slow) pulse is large and soft, feeling powerless upon pressure, with a hollow sensation under the finger. Cui Shi said: "The form is large but the momentum is thin, revealing its deficiency." The statement in *Mai Jue* regarding excess upon searching and lifting merely describes the Floating pulse and fails to depict the deficient state. Yang Shi said: "Its shape resembles willow catkins, scattered and slow." Hua Shi stated: "Scattered, large, and Ru are all types of Scattered pulses, not Deficient pulses." It is also said: "Lifting reveals a slow, large pulse; pressing reveals looseness. The pulse has no boundary, resembling an empty grain husk. Do not confuse the Kou (Hollow) pulse with the Xu (Deficient) pulse. The Kou pulse is slow, floating, and large, resembling a green onion." Furthermore: "The Xu (Deficient) pulse is floating, large, and slow, feeling powerless upon pressure. The Kou (Hollow) pulse is floating and large, feeling hollow in the center upon pressure. The Kou pulse governs loss of blood, while the Xu pulse governs Blood deficiency."
Diseases governed: A deficient pulse with body heat governs spontaneous sweating due to Summerheat injury, palpitations, and fright. It also governs Yin deficiency with fever. The therapeutic method should be to nourish Ying (Nutrient) and benefit Wei (Defensive). At the Cun position, it governs Blood failing to nourish the Heart; at the Guan position, it governs abdominal distension and poor appetite; and at the Chi position, it governs bone-steaming fever, Bi syndrome, flaccidity, injury to essence, and loss of blood. The Classics state: "Blood deficiency results in a deficient pulse. If the Qi arrival is deficient and minute, it is 'not reaching' (Bu Ji), indicating internal disease." It is also said: "For chronic diseases, a deficient pulse indicates death."